diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 2231a6a..52a4910 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Pull Assets
       run: |
-        git clone https://${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN_GITHUB }}@github.com/imas-tools/gakumas-raw-txts.git app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local/gakumas-raw-txts
+        git clone https://${{ secrets.ACCESS_TOKEN_GITHUB }}@github.com/DreamGallery/Campus-adv-txts.git app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local/gakumas-raw-txts
         mv app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local/gakumas-raw-txts/Resource app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local/raw
         rm -rf app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local/gakumas-raw-txts
       continue-on-error: true
diff --git a/app/build.gradle b/app/build.gradle
index 50218fb..a58605c 100644
--- a/app/build.gradle
+++ b/app/build.gradle
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ plugins {
     alias(libs.plugins.kotlinAndroid)
     alias(libs.plugins.compose.compiler)
     alias(libs.plugins.serialization)
+    id("kotlin-parcelize")
 }
 
 android {
@@ -14,8 +15,8 @@ android {
         applicationId "io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify"
         minSdk 29
         targetSdk 34
-        versionCode 2
-        versionName "v1.2"
+        versionCode 4
+        versionName "v1.6"
 
         testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
         vectorDrawables {
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ android {
             mergeAssetsTask.doLast {
                 delete(fileTree(dir: mergeAssetsTask.outputDir, includes: ['gakumas-local/gakuen-adapted-translation-data/**',
                                                                            'gakumas-local/GakumasPreTranslation/**',
+                                                                           'gakumas-local/gakumas-generic-strings-translation/**',
                                                                            'gakumas-local/raw/**']))
             }
         }
@@ -82,6 +84,9 @@ android {
 }
 
 dependencies {
+    // implementation files('libs/lspatch_cleaned.jar')
+    // api 'com.google.guava:guava:32.0.1-jre'
+
     implementation(libs.androidx.core.ktx)
     implementation(libs.androidx.lifecycle.runtime.ktx)
     implementation(libs.androidx.material3)
@@ -90,6 +95,14 @@ dependencies {
     implementation(libs.androidx.activity.compose)
     implementation(libs.androidx.appcompat)
     implementation(libs.androidx.navigation.compose)
+    implementation files('libs/lspatch_cleaned.jar')
+
+    implementation(libs.zip4j)
+    implementation(libs.shizukuApi)
+    implementation(libs.rikka.shizuku.provider)
+    implementation(libs.rikka.refine)
+    implementation(libs.rikka.hidden.stub)
+    implementation(libs.hiddenapibypass)
 
     def composeBom = platform(libs.androidx.compose.bom)
     implementation(composeBom)
diff --git a/app/libs/lspatch.jar b/app/libs/lspatch.jar
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c926ad
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/libs/lspatch.jar differ
diff --git a/app/libs/lspatch_cleaned.jar b/app/libs/lspatch_cleaned.jar
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d2a7b3
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/libs/lspatch_cleaned.jar differ
diff --git a/app/libs/make_lspatch_cleaned_steps.txt b/app/libs/make_lspatch_cleaned_steps.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1c2878
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/libs/make_lspatch_cleaned_steps.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+jar xf lspatch.jar
+cp -r assets/lspatch/so ../../src/main/assets/lspatch/so
+rm -rf com/google/common/util/concurrent
+rm -rf com/google/errorprone/annotations
+python rm_duplicate.py
+jar cf lspatch_cleaned.jar .
diff --git a/app/libs/rm_duplicate.py b/app/libs/rm_duplicate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3887a73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/libs/rm_duplicate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import os
+
+
+logs = """
+Duplicate class com.google.common.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture found in modules listenablefuture-1.0.jar -> listenablefuture-1.0 (com.google.guava:listenablefuture:1.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.CheckReturnValue found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.CompatibleWith found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.CompileTimeConstant found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.DoNotCall found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.DoNotMock found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.ForOverride found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatMethod found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.FormatString found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.Immutable found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.IncompatibleModifiers found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.InlineMe found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.InlineMeValidationDisabled found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.Keep found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.Modifier found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.MustBeClosed found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.NoAllocation found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.OverridingMethodsMustInvokeSuper found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.RequiredModifiers found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.RestrictedApi found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.SuppressPackageLocation found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.Var found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent.GuardedBy found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent.LazyInit found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent.LockMethod found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+Duplicate class com.google.errorprone.annotations.concurrent.UnlockMethod found in modules error_prone_annotations-2.15.0.jar -> error_prone_annotations-2.15.0 (com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.15.0) and lspatch.jar -> lspatch (lspatch.jar)
+"""
+
+for i in logs.split("\n"):
+    if i.startswith("Duplicate class "):
+        flag_pos = i.find(" found in modules")
+        if flag_pos == -1:
+            continue
+        class_name = i[len("Duplicate class "):flag_pos]
+        file_name = class_name.replace(".", "/") + ".class"
+        if not os.path.isfile(file_name):
+            print(file_name, "not found!!!")
+        else:
+            os.remove(file_name)
+            print(file_name, "removed.")
diff --git a/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml b/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
index 5833422..4fb3e7e 100644
--- a/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
 
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES"
+            tools:ignore="QueryAllPackagesPermission" />
 
     <application
         android:allowBackup="true"
@@ -41,6 +44,15 @@
 
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
             </intent-filter>
+
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
+
+                <data android:scheme="content" />
+                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.android.package-archive" />
+            </intent-filter>
         </activity>
 
         <activity
@@ -50,6 +62,22 @@
 
         </activity>
 
+        <activity
+                android:name=".PatchActivity"
+                android:exported="true"
+                android:theme="@style/Theme.GakumasLocalify">
+
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
+
+                <data android:scheme="content" />
+                <data android:mimeType="application/vnd.android.package-archive" />
+            </intent-filter>
+
+        </activity>
+
         <provider
             android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
             android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileprovider"
@@ -59,6 +87,15 @@
                 android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                 android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
         </provider>
+
+        <provider
+                android:name="rikka.shizuku.ShizukuProvider"
+                android:authorities="${applicationId}.shizuku"
+                android:multiprocess="false"
+                android:enabled="true"
+                android:exported="true"
+                android:permission="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS_FULL" />
+
     </application>
 
 </manifest>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/about_contributors_zh_cn.json b/app/src/main/assets/about_contributors_zh_cn.json
index d825d11..aed9b8a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/assets/about_contributors_zh_cn.json
+++ b/app/src/main/assets/about_contributors_zh_cn.json
@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
     ],
     "contrib_img": {
         "plugin": "https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=chinosk6/gakuen-imas-localify",
-        "translation": "https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=chinosk6/GakumasTranslationData"
+        "translation": "https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=chinosk6/GakumasTranslationData",
+        "translations": [
+            "https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=imas-tools/gakuen-adapted-translation-data",
+            "https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=imas-tools/gakumas-generic-strings-translation"
+        ]
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local b/app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local
index a60a171..ee4fb90 160000
--- a/app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local
+++ b/app/src/main/assets/gakumas-local
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit a60a171b40b22b04d567ab39a8fd7f571c7921f5
+Subproject commit ee4fb90f37cf2bbeb5744a4735071473f2c5635d
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/arm64-v8a/liblspatch.so b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/arm64-v8a/liblspatch.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..556ad7d
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/arm64-v8a/liblspatch.so differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/armeabi-v7a/liblspatch.so b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/armeabi-v7a/liblspatch.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32ddd9e
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/armeabi-v7a/liblspatch.so differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86/liblspatch.so b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86/liblspatch.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68201ae
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86/liblspatch.so differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86_64/liblspatch.so b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86_64/liblspatch.so
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8d140e
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/src/main/assets/lspatch/so/x86_64/liblspatch.so differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt b/app/src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
index 0a478b0..8f3f600 100644
--- a/app/src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ add_library(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} SHARED
         GakumasLocalify/camera/baseCamera.cpp
         GakumasLocalify/camera/camera.cpp
         GakumasLocalify/config/Config.cpp
+        GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.cpp
         )
 
 target_link_libraries(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} xdl::xdl)
@@ -53,12 +54,17 @@ target_link_libraries(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} shadowhook::shadowhook)
 include_directories(GakumasLocalify)
 include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/deps)
 
+set(FMT_DIR "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/deps/fmt-11.0.2")
+include_directories(${FMT_DIR}/include)
+add_library(fmt STATIC ${FMT_DIR}/src/format.cc)
+
 # Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
 # can link libraries from various origins, such as libraries defined in this
 # build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or Android system libraries.
 target_link_libraries(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}
     # List libraries link to the target library
     android
-    log)
+    log
+    fmt)
 
 target_compile_features(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE cxx_std_23)
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Hook.cpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Hook.cpp
index 34852ef..75b1628 100644
--- a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Hook.cpp
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Hook.cpp
@@ -333,6 +333,13 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::HookMain {
                                                       "TMPro", "TMP_Text", "get_font");
         static auto set_font = Il2cppUtils::GetMethod("Unity.TextMeshPro.dll",
                                                       "TMPro", "TMP_Text", "set_font");
+//        static auto set_fontMaterial = Il2cppUtils::GetMethod("Unity.TextMeshPro.dll",
+//                                                      "TMPro", "TMP_Text", "set_fontMaterial");
+//        static auto ForceMeshUpdate = Il2cppUtils::GetMethod("Unity.TextMeshPro.dll",
+//                                                      "TMPro", "TMP_Text", "ForceMeshUpdate");
+//
+//        static auto get_material = Il2cppUtils::GetMethod("Unity.TextMeshPro.dll",
+//                                                      "TMPro", "TMP_Asset", "get_material");
 
         static auto set_sourceFontFile = Il2cppUtils::GetMethod("Unity.TextMeshPro.dll", "TMPro",
                                                                 "TMP_FontAsset", "set_sourceFontFile");
@@ -351,6 +358,10 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::HookMain {
             if (updatedFontPtrs.size() > 200) updatedFontPtrs.clear();
         }
         set_font->Invoke<void>(TMP_Textself, fontAsset);
+
+//        auto fontMaterial = get_material->Invoke<void*>(fontAsset);
+//        set_fontMaterial->Invoke<void>(TMP_Textself, fontMaterial);
+//        ForceMeshUpdate->Invoke<void>(TMP_Textself, false, false);
     }
 
     DEFINE_HOOK(void, TMP_Text_PopulateTextBackingArray, (void* self, UnityResolve::UnityType::String* text, int start, int length)) {
@@ -365,6 +376,7 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::HookMain {
         std::string transText;
         if (Local::GetGenericText(origText, &transText)) {
             const auto newText = UnityResolve::UnityType::String::New(transText);
+            UpdateFont(self);
             return TMP_Text_PopulateTextBackingArray_Orig(self, newText, 0, newText->length);
         }
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Local.cpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Local.cpp
index f0debeb..fd9e170 100644
--- a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Local.cpp
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Local.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include <cctype>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include "BaseDefine.h"
+#include "string_parser/StringParser.hpp"
 
 
 namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
@@ -22,9 +23,12 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> i18nDumpData{};
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> genericText{};
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> genericSplitText{};
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> genericFmtText{};
     std::vector<std::string> genericTextDumpData{};
     std::vector<std::string> genericSplittedDumpData{};
     std::vector<std::string> genericOrigTextDumpData{};
+    std::vector<std::string> genericFmtTextDumpData{};
+
     std::unordered_set<std::string> translatedText{};
     int genericDumpFileIndex = 0;
     const std::string splitTextPrefix = "[__split__]";
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
     enum class DumpStrStat {
         DEFAULT = 0,
         SPLITTABLE_ORIG = 1,
-        SPLITTED = 2
+        SPLITTED = 2,
+        FMT = 3
     };
 
     enum class SplitTagsTranslationStat {
@@ -262,6 +267,15 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
         return ret;
     }
 
+    void ReplaceNumberComma(std::string* orig) {
+        if (!orig->contains(",")) return;
+        std::string newStr = *orig;
+        ReplaceString(&newStr, ",", ",");
+        if (IsPureStringValue(newStr)) {
+            *orig = newStr;
+        }
+    }
+
     SplitTagsTranslationStat GetSplitTagsTranslationFull(const std::string& origTextIn, std::string* newText, std::vector<std::string>& unTransResultRet) {
         // static const std::u16string splitFlags = u"0123456789++--%%【】.";
         static const std::unordered_set<char16_t> splitFlags = {u'0', u'1', u'2', u'3', u'4', u'5',
@@ -306,7 +320,9 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
                 return SplitTagsTranslationStat::NO_SPLIT_AND_EMPTY;
             }
             else {
-                return SplitTagsTranslationStat::NO_SPLIT;
+                if (!(!origText.empty() && splitFlags.contains(origText[0]))) {  // 开头为特殊符号或数字
+                    return SplitTagsTranslationStat::NO_SPLIT;
+                }
             }
         }
         checkCurrentWaitingReplaceTextAndClear()
@@ -317,8 +333,9 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
         bool hasNotTrans = false;
         if (!waitingReplaceTexts.empty()) {
             for (const auto& i : waitingReplaceTexts) {
-                const auto searchResult = findInMapIgnoreSpace(i, genericSplitText);
+                std::string searchResult = findInMapIgnoreSpace(i, genericSplitText);
                 if (!searchResult.empty()) {
+                    ReplaceNumberComma(&searchResult);
                     ReplaceString(newText, i, searchResult);
                     hasTrans = true;
                 }
@@ -358,6 +375,7 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
 
         LoadJsonDataToMap(genericFile, genericText, true, true, true);
         genericSplitText.clear();
+        genericFmtText.clear();
         LoadJsonDataToMap(genericSplitFile, genericSplitText, true, true, true);
         if (std::filesystem::exists(genericDir) || std::filesystem::is_directory(genericDir)) {
             for (const auto& entry : std::filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator(genericDir)) {
@@ -367,6 +385,9 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
                         if (currFile.filename().string().ends_with(".split.json")) {  // split text file
                             LoadJsonDataToMap(currFile, genericSplitText, true, false, true);
                         }
+                        if (currFile.filename().string().ends_with(".fmt.json")) {  // fmt text file
+                            LoadJsonDataToMap(currFile, genericFmtText, true, false, false);
+                        }
                         else {
                             LoadJsonDataToMap(currFile, genericText, true, false, true);
                         }
@@ -442,6 +463,10 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
             if (genericDumpFileIndex == 0) return "generic_orig.json";
             return Log::StringFormat("generic_orig_%d.json", genericDumpFileIndex);
         }
+        else if (stat == DumpStrStat::FMT) {
+            if (genericDumpFileIndex == 0) return "generic.fmt.json";
+            return Log::StringFormat("generic_%d.fmt.json", genericDumpFileIndex);
+        }
         else {
             if (genericDumpFileIndex == 0) return "generic.json";
             return Log::StringFormat("generic_%d.json", genericDumpFileIndex);
@@ -452,10 +477,11 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
     void DumpGenericText(const std::string& origText, DumpStrStat stat = DumpStrStat::DEFAULT) {
         if (translatedText.contains(origText)) return;
 
-        std::array<std::reference_wrapper<std::vector<std::string>>, 3> targets = {
+        std::array<std::reference_wrapper<std::vector<std::string>>, 4> targets = {
                 genericTextDumpData,
                 genericOrigTextDumpData,
-                genericSplittedDumpData
+                genericSplittedDumpData,
+                genericFmtTextDumpData
         };
 
         auto& appendTarget = targets[static_cast<int>(stat)].get();
@@ -475,25 +501,50 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Local {
             DumpVectorDataToJson(dumpBasePath, GetDumpGenericFileName(DumpStrStat::DEFAULT), genericTextDumpData);
             DumpVectorDataToJson(dumpBasePath, GetDumpGenericFileName(DumpStrStat::SPLITTABLE_ORIG), genericOrigTextDumpData);
             DumpVectorDataToJson(dumpBasePath, GetDumpGenericFileName(DumpStrStat::SPLITTED), genericSplittedDumpData, splitTextPrefix);
+            DumpVectorDataToJson(dumpBasePath, GetDumpGenericFileName(DumpStrStat::FMT), genericFmtTextDumpData);
             genericTextDumpData.clear();
             genericSplittedDumpData.clear();
             genericOrigTextDumpData.clear();
+            genericFmtTextDumpData.clear();
             inDumpGeneric = false;
         }).detach();
     }
 
     bool GetGenericText(const std::string& origText, std::string* newStr) {
+        // 完全匹配
         if (const auto iter = genericText.find(origText); iter != genericText.end()) {
             *newStr = iter->second;
             return true;
         }
+        // 不翻译翻译过的文本
+        if (translatedText.contains(origText)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // fmt 文本
+        auto fmtText = StringParser::ParseItems::parse(origText, false);
+        if (fmtText.isValid) {
+            const auto fmtStr = fmtText.ToFmtString();
+            if (auto it = genericFmtText.find(fmtStr); it != genericFmtText.end()) {
+                auto newRet = fmtText.MergeText(it->second);
+                if (!newRet.empty()) {
+                    *newStr = newRet;
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            if (Config::dumpText) {
+                DumpGenericText(fmtStr, DumpStrStat::FMT);
+            }
+        }
 
         auto ret = false;
 
+        // 分割匹配
         std::vector<std::string> unTransResultRet;
         const auto splitTransStat = GetSplitTagsTranslationFull(origText, newStr, unTransResultRet);
         switch (splitTransStat) {
             case SplitTagsTranslationStat::FULL_TRANS: {
+                DumpGenericText(origText, DumpStrStat::SPLITTABLE_ORIG);
                 return true;
             } break;
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.cpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.cpp
index 1ac4204..5202a32 100644
--- a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.cpp
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <codecvt>
 #include <locale>
 #include <jni.h>
+#include "fmt/core.h"
 
 
 extern JavaVM* g_javaVM;
@@ -88,11 +89,85 @@ namespace GakumasLocal::Misc {
 
     int CSEnum::GetValueByName(const std::string &name) {
         for (int i = 0; i < names.size(); i++) {
-            if (names[i].compare(name) == 0) {
+            if (names[i] == name) {
                 return values[i];
             }
         }
         return values[0];
     }
 
+
+    namespace StringFormat {
+        template<typename... Args>
+        std::string string_format(const std::string& fmt, Args&&... args) {
+            // return std::vformat(fmt, std::make_format_args(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+            return fmt::format(fmt::runtime(fmt), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        }
+
+
+        template <std::size_t N, std::size_t... Indices, typename T>
+        auto vectorToTupleImpl(const std::vector<T>& vec, std::index_sequence<Indices...>) {
+            if (vec.size() != N) {
+                // printf("vec.size: %zu, N: %zu\n", vec.size(), N);
+                throw std::out_of_range("Vector size does not match tuple size.");
+            }
+            return std::make_tuple(vec[Indices]...);
+        }
+
+        template <std::size_t N, typename T>
+        auto vectorToTuple(const std::vector<T>& vec) {
+            return vectorToTupleImpl<N>(vec, std::make_index_sequence<N>{});
+        }
+
+
+        template <typename T>
+        std::string stringFormat(const std::string& fmt, const std::vector<T>& vec) {
+            std::string ret = fmt;
+
+#define CASE_ARG_COUNT(N) \
+    case N: {\
+        auto tp = vectorToTuple<N>(vec); \
+        std::apply([&](auto&&... args) { \
+            ret = string_format(fmt, args...); \
+        }, tp); } break;
+
+            switch (vec.size()) {
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(1)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(2)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(3)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(4)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(5)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(6)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(7)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(8)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(9)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(10)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(11)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(12)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(13)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(14)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(15)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(16)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(17)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(18)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(19)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(20)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(21)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(22)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(23)
+                CASE_ARG_COUNT(24)
+            }
+            return ret;
+        }
+
+        std::string stringFormatString(const std::string& fmt, const std::vector<std::string>& vec) {
+            try {
+                return stringFormat(fmt, vec);
+            }
+            catch (std::exception& e) {
+                return fmt;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.hpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.hpp
index de3d15b..44ac4eb 100644
--- a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.hpp
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/Misc.hpp
@@ -73,5 +73,9 @@ namespace GakumasLocal {
             size_t maxSize;
             T sum;
         };
+
+        namespace StringFormat {
+            std::string stringFormatString(const std::string& fmt, const std::vector<std::string>& vec);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.cpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3365537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include "StringParser.hpp"
+#include "fmt/core.h"
+#include "fmt/ranges.h"
+#include "../Misc.hpp"
+
+namespace StringParser {
+
+    std::string ParseItems::ToFmtString() {
+        std::vector<std::string> ret{};
+        int currFlagIndex = 0;
+        for (const auto& i : items) {
+            if (i.type == ParseItemType::FLAG) {
+                ret.push_back(fmt::format("{{{}}}", currFlagIndex));
+                currFlagIndex++;
+            }
+            else {
+                ret.push_back(i.content);
+            }
+        }
+        return fmt::format("{}", fmt::join(ret, ""));
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::string> ParseItems::GetFlagValues() {
+        std::vector<std::string> ret{};
+        for (const auto& i : items) {
+            if (i.type == ParseItemType::FLAG) {
+                ret.push_back(i.content);
+            }
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    ParseItems ParseItems::parse(const std::string &str, bool parseTags) {
+        static const std::unordered_set<char16_t> splitFlags = {u'0', u'1', u'2', u'3', u'4', u'5',
+                                                                u'6', u'7', u'8', u'9', u'+', u'+',
+                                                                u'-', u'-', u'%', u'%',
+                                                                u'.', u'×', u',', u','};
+
+        ParseItems result;
+        if (str.contains("{")) {
+            result.isValid = false;
+            return result;
+        }
+        std::u16string origText = GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF16(str);
+        bool isInTag = false;
+        bool isInFlagSequence = false;
+        std::u16string currentCacheText;
+
+        for (char16_t currChar : origText) {
+            if (parseTags && currChar == u'<') {
+                if (!currentCacheText.empty()) {
+                    result.items.push_back({isInFlagSequence ? ParseItemType::FLAG : ParseItemType::TEXT,
+                                            GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF8(currentCacheText)});
+                    currentCacheText.clear();
+                    isInFlagSequence = false;
+                }
+                isInTag = true;
+                currentCacheText.push_back(currChar);
+            } else if (parseTags && currChar == u'>') {
+                isInTag = false;
+                currentCacheText.push_back(currChar);
+                result.items.push_back({ParseItemType::FLAG, GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF8(currentCacheText)});
+                currentCacheText.clear();
+            } else if (isInTag) {
+                currentCacheText.push_back(currChar);
+            } else if (splitFlags.contains(currChar)) {
+                if (!isInFlagSequence && !currentCacheText.empty()) {
+                    result.items.push_back({ParseItemType::TEXT, GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF8(currentCacheText)});
+                    currentCacheText.clear();
+                }
+                isInFlagSequence = true;
+                currentCacheText.push_back(currChar);
+            } else {
+                if (isInFlagSequence && !currentCacheText.empty()) {
+                    result.items.push_back({ParseItemType::FLAG, GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF8(currentCacheText)});
+                    currentCacheText.clear();
+                    isInFlagSequence = false;
+                }
+                currentCacheText.push_back(currChar);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!currentCacheText.empty()) {
+            result.items.push_back({isInFlagSequence ? ParseItemType::FLAG : ParseItemType::TEXT,
+                                    GakumasLocal::Misc::ToUTF8(currentCacheText)});
+        }
+
+        for (auto& i : result.items) {
+            if (i.type == ParseItemType::FLAG) {
+                return result;
+            }
+        }
+        result.isValid = false;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    std::string ParseItems::MergeText(ParseItems &textTarget, ParseItems &valueTarget) {
+        if (!textTarget.isValid) return "";
+        if (!valueTarget.isValid) return "";
+        const auto fmtText = textTarget.ToFmtString();
+        const auto values = valueTarget.GetFlagValues();
+        const std::string ret = GakumasLocal::Misc::StringFormat::stringFormatString(fmtText, values);
+        return {ret.begin(), ret.end()};
+    }
+
+    std::string ParseItems::MergeText(const std::string &newStr) {
+        if (!isValid) return "";
+        const auto values = GetFlagValues();
+        return GakumasLocal::Misc::StringFormat::stringFormatString(newStr, values);
+    }
+
+    int ParseItems::GetFlagCount() {
+        int ret = 0;
+        for (auto& i : items) {
+            if (i.type == ParseItemType::FLAG) {
+                ret++;
+            }
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.hpp b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aeb4268
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/GakumasLocalify/string_parser/StringParser.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace StringParser {
+    enum class ParseItemType {
+        FLAG,
+        TEXT
+    };
+
+    struct ParseItem {
+        ParseItemType type;
+        std::string content;
+    };
+
+    struct ParseItems {
+        bool isValid = true;
+        std::vector<ParseItem> items;
+
+        std::string ToFmtString();
+        std::vector<std::string> GetFlagValues();
+        std::string MergeText(const std::string& newStr);
+        int GetFlagCount();
+
+        static ParseItems parse(const std::string& str, bool parseTags);
+        static std::string MergeText(ParseItems& textTarget, ParseItems& valueTarget);
+    };
+
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/args.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/args.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31a60e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/args.h
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - dynamic argument lists
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_ARGS_H_
+#define FMT_ARGS_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <functional>  // std::reference_wrapper
+#  include <memory>      // std::unique_ptr
+#  include <vector>
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"  // std_string_view
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T> struct is_reference_wrapper : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct is_reference_wrapper<std::reference_wrapper<T>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T> auto unwrap(const T& v) -> const T& { return v; }
+template <typename T>
+auto unwrap(const std::reference_wrapper<T>& v) -> const T& {
+  return static_cast<const T&>(v);
+}
+
+// node is defined outside dynamic_arg_list to workaround a C2504 bug in MSVC
+// 2022 (v17.10.0).
+//
+// Workaround for clang's -Wweak-vtables. Unlike for regular classes, for
+// templates it doesn't complain about inability to deduce single translation
+// unit for placing vtable. So node is made a fake template.
+template <typename = void> struct node {
+  virtual ~node() = default;
+  std::unique_ptr<node<>> next;
+};
+
+class dynamic_arg_list {
+  template <typename T> struct typed_node : node<> {
+    T value;
+
+    template <typename Arg>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_node(const Arg& arg) : value(arg) {}
+
+    template <typename Char>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR typed_node(const basic_string_view<Char>& arg)
+        : value(arg.data(), arg.size()) {}
+  };
+
+  std::unique_ptr<node<>> head_;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename T, typename Arg> auto push(const Arg& arg) -> const T& {
+    auto new_node = std::unique_ptr<typed_node<T>>(new typed_node<T>(arg));
+    auto& value = new_node->value;
+    new_node->next = std::move(head_);
+    head_ = std::move(new_node);
+    return value;
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+/**
+ * A dynamic list of formatting arguments with storage.
+ *
+ * It can be implicitly converted into `fmt::basic_format_args` for passing
+ * into type-erased formatting functions such as `fmt::vformat`.
+ */
+template <typename Context>
+class dynamic_format_arg_store
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
+    // Workaround a GCC template argument substitution bug.
+    : public basic_format_args<Context>
+#endif
+{
+ private:
+  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
+
+  template <typename T> struct need_copy {
+    static constexpr detail::type mapped_type =
+        detail::mapped_type_constant<T, Context>::value;
+
+    enum {
+      value = !(detail::is_reference_wrapper<T>::value ||
+                std::is_same<T, basic_string_view<char_type>>::value ||
+                std::is_same<T, detail::std_string_view<char_type>>::value ||
+                (mapped_type != detail::type::cstring_type &&
+                 mapped_type != detail::type::string_type &&
+                 mapped_type != detail::type::custom_type))
+    };
+  };
+
+  template <typename T>
+  using stored_type = conditional_t<
+      std::is_convertible<T, std::basic_string<char_type>>::value &&
+          !detail::is_reference_wrapper<T>::value,
+      std::basic_string<char_type>, T>;
+
+  // Storage of basic_format_arg must be contiguous.
+  std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>> data_;
+  std::vector<detail::named_arg_info<char_type>> named_info_;
+
+  // Storage of arguments not fitting into basic_format_arg must grow
+  // without relocation because items in data_ refer to it.
+  detail::dynamic_arg_list dynamic_args_;
+
+  friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
+
+  auto get_types() const -> unsigned long long {
+    return detail::is_unpacked_bit | data_.size() |
+           (named_info_.empty()
+                ? 0ULL
+                : static_cast<unsigned long long>(detail::has_named_args_bit));
+  }
+
+  auto data() const -> const basic_format_arg<Context>* {
+    return named_info_.empty() ? data_.data() : data_.data() + 1;
+  }
+
+  template <typename T> void emplace_arg(const T& arg) {
+    data_.emplace_back(detail::make_arg<Context>(arg));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void emplace_arg(const detail::named_arg<char_type, T>& arg) {
+    if (named_info_.empty()) {
+      constexpr const detail::named_arg_info<char_type>* zero_ptr{nullptr};
+      data_.insert(data_.begin(), {zero_ptr, 0});
+    }
+    data_.emplace_back(detail::make_arg<Context>(detail::unwrap(arg.value)));
+    auto pop_one = [](std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>>* data) {
+      data->pop_back();
+    };
+    std::unique_ptr<std::vector<basic_format_arg<Context>>, decltype(pop_one)>
+        guard{&data_, pop_one};
+    named_info_.push_back({arg.name, static_cast<int>(data_.size() - 2u)});
+    data_[0].value_.named_args = {named_info_.data(), named_info_.size()};
+    guard.release();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  constexpr dynamic_format_arg_store() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * Adds an argument into the dynamic store for later passing to a formatting
+   * function.
+   *
+   * Note that custom types and string types (but not string views) are copied
+   * into the store dynamically allocating memory if necessary.
+   *
+   * **Example**:
+   *
+   *     fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
+   *     store.push_back(42);
+   *     store.push_back("abc");
+   *     store.push_back(1.5f);
+   *     std::string result = fmt::vformat("{} and {} and {}", store);
+   */
+  template <typename T> void push_back(const T& arg) {
+    if (detail::const_check(need_copy<T>::value))
+      emplace_arg(dynamic_args_.push<stored_type<T>>(arg));
+    else
+      emplace_arg(detail::unwrap(arg));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a reference to the argument into the dynamic store for later passing
+   * to a formatting function.
+   *
+   * **Example**:
+   *
+   *     fmt::dynamic_format_arg_store<fmt::format_context> store;
+   *     char band[] = "Rolling Stones";
+   *     store.push_back(std::cref(band));
+   *     band[9] = 'c'; // Changing str affects the output.
+   *     std::string result = fmt::vformat("{}", store);
+   *     // result == "Rolling Scones"
+   */
+  template <typename T> void push_back(std::reference_wrapper<T> arg) {
+    static_assert(
+        need_copy<T>::value,
+        "objects of built-in types and string views are always copied");
+    emplace_arg(arg.get());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds named argument into the dynamic store for later passing to a
+   * formatting function. `std::reference_wrapper` is supported to avoid
+   * copying of the argument. The name is always copied into the store.
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  void push_back(const detail::named_arg<char_type, T>& arg) {
+    const char_type* arg_name =
+        dynamic_args_.push<std::basic_string<char_type>>(arg.name).c_str();
+    if (detail::const_check(need_copy<T>::value)) {
+      emplace_arg(
+          fmt::arg(arg_name, dynamic_args_.push<stored_type<T>>(arg.value)));
+    } else {
+      emplace_arg(fmt::arg(arg_name, arg.value));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Erase all elements from the store.
+  void clear() {
+    data_.clear();
+    named_info_.clear();
+    dynamic_args_ = detail::dynamic_arg_list();
+  }
+
+  /// Reserves space to store at least `new_cap` arguments including
+  /// `new_cap_named` named arguments.
+  void reserve(size_t new_cap, size_t new_cap_named) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(new_cap >= new_cap_named,
+               "Set of arguments includes set of named arguments");
+    data_.reserve(new_cap);
+    named_info_.reserve(new_cap_named);
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_ARGS_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/base.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/base.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6276494
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/base.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3077 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - the base API for char/UTF-8
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_BASE_H_
+#define FMT_BASE_H_
+
+#if defined(FMT_IMPORT_STD) && !defined(FMT_MODULE)
+#  define FMT_MODULE
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <limits.h>  // CHAR_BIT
+#  include <stdio.h>   // FILE
+#  include <string.h>  // strlen
+
+// <cstddef> is also included transitively from <type_traits>.
+#  include <cstddef>      // std::byte
+#  include <type_traits>  // std::enable_if
+#endif
+
+// The fmt library version in the form major * 10000 + minor * 100 + patch.
+#define FMT_VERSION 110002
+
+// Detect compiler versions.
+#if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
+#  define FMT_CLANG_VERSION (__clang_major__ * 100 + __clang_minor__)
+#else
+#  define FMT_CLANG_VERSION 0
+#endif
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#  define FMT_GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__)
+#else
+#  define FMT_GCC_VERSION 0
+#endif
+#if defined(__ICL)
+#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION __ICL
+#elif defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION __INTEL_COMPILER
+#else
+#  define FMT_ICC_VERSION 0
+#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#  define FMT_MSC_VERSION _MSC_VER
+#else
+#  define FMT_MSC_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+// Detect standard library versions.
+#ifdef _GLIBCXX_RELEASE
+#  define FMT_GLIBCXX_RELEASE _GLIBCXX_RELEASE
+#else
+#  define FMT_GLIBCXX_RELEASE 0
+#endif
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_VERSION
+#  define FMT_LIBCPP_VERSION _LIBCPP_VERSION
+#else
+#  define FMT_LIBCPP_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSVC_LANG
+#  define FMT_CPLUSPLUS _MSVC_LANG
+#else
+#  define FMT_CPLUSPLUS __cplusplus
+#endif
+
+// Detect __has_*.
+#ifdef __has_feature
+#  define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) __has_feature(x)
+#else
+#  define FMT_HAS_FEATURE(x) 0
+#endif
+#ifdef __has_include
+#  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) __has_include(x)
+#else
+#  define FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(x) 0
+#endif
+#ifdef __has_cpp_attribute
+#  define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) __has_cpp_attribute(x)
+#else
+#  define FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_HAS_CPP14_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) \
+  (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L && FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute))
+
+#define FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(attribute) \
+  (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L && FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(attribute))
+
+// Detect C++14 relaxed constexpr.
+#ifdef FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 600 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L
+// GCC only allows throw in constexpr since version 6:
+// https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=67371.
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 1
+#elif FMT_ICC_VERSION
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 0  // https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/1628
+#elif FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_relaxed_constexpr) || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1912
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 1
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR 0
+#endif
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEXPR
+#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR constexpr
+#else
+#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR
+#endif
+
+// Detect consteval, C++20 constexpr extensions and std::is_constant_evaluated.
+#if !defined(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0
+#elif FMT_CPLUSPLUS < 201709L
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0
+#elif FMT_GLIBCXX_RELEASE && FMT_GLIBCXX_RELEASE < 10
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0
+#elif FMT_LIBCPP_VERSION && FMT_LIBCPP_VERSION < 10000
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0
+#elif defined(__apple_build_version__) && __apple_build_version__ < 14000029L
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0  // consteval is broken in Apple clang < 14.
+#elif FMT_MSC_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VERSION < 1929
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0  // consteval is broken in MSVC VS2019 < 16.10.
+#elif defined(__cpp_consteval)
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 1
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1002 || FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 1101
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 1
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL 0
+#endif
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
+#  define FMT_CONSTEVAL consteval
+#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR20 constexpr
+#else
+#  define FMT_CONSTEVAL
+#  define FMT_CONSTEXPR20
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS)
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif defined(__NVCOMPILER)
+#  define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 0
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 903 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201709L
+#  define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 1
+#elif defined(__cpp_nontype_template_args) && \
+    __cpp_nontype_template_args >= 201911L
+#  define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 1
+#elif FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 1200 && FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L
+#  define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 1
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_USE_CONCEPTS
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif defined(__cpp_concepts)
+#  define FMT_USE_CONCEPTS 1
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_CONCEPTS 0
+#endif
+
+// Check if exceptions are disabled.
+#ifdef FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
+#  define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
+#elif FMT_MSC_VERSION && !_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+#  define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 0
+#else
+#  define FMT_EXCEPTIONS 1
+#endif
+#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#  define FMT_TRY try
+#  define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
+#else
+#  define FMT_TRY if (true)
+#  define FMT_CATCH(x) if (false)
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(fallthrough)
+#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[fallthrough]]
+#elif defined(__clang__)
+#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[clang::fallthrough]]
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 700 && \
+    (!defined(__EDG_VERSION__) || __EDG_VERSION__ >= 520)
+#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH [[gnu::fallthrough]]
+#else
+#  define FMT_FALLTHROUGH
+#endif
+
+// Disable [[noreturn]] on MSVC/NVCC because of bogus unreachable code warnings.
+#if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(noreturn) && !FMT_MSC_VERSION && !defined(__NVCC__)
+#  define FMT_NORETURN [[noreturn]]
+#else
+#  define FMT_NORETURN
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_NODISCARD
+#  if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(nodiscard)
+#    define FMT_NODISCARD [[nodiscard]]
+#  else
+#    define FMT_NODISCARD
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_DEPRECATED
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif FMT_HAS_CPP14_ATTRIBUTE(deprecated)
+#  define FMT_DEPRECATED [[deprecated]]
+#else
+#  define FMT_DEPRECATED /* deprecated */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_INLINE
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#  define FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE inline __attribute__((always_inline))
+#else
+#  define FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE inline
+#endif
+// A version of FMT_INLINE to prevent code bloat in debug mode.
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+#  define FMT_INLINE FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE
+#else
+#  define FMT_INLINE inline
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#  define FMT_VISIBILITY(value) __attribute__((visibility(value)))
+#else
+#  define FMT_VISIBILITY(value)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_GCC_PRAGMA
+// Workaround a _Pragma bug https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=59884
+// and an nvhpc warning: https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/2582.
+#  if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 504 && !defined(__NVCOMPILER)
+#    define FMT_GCC_PRAGMA(arg) _Pragma(arg)
+#  else
+#    define FMT_GCC_PRAGMA(arg)
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// GCC < 5 requires this-> in decltype.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 500
+#  define FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS this->
+#else
+#  define FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION
+#  define FMT_MSC_WARNING(...) __pragma(warning(__VA_ARGS__))
+#  define FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(It) \
+    using _Unchecked_type = It  // Mark iterator as checked.
+#else
+#  define FMT_MSC_WARNING(...)
+#  define FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(It) using unchecked_type = It
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+#  define FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE \
+    namespace fmt {           \
+    inline namespace v11 {
+#  define FMT_END_NAMESPACE \
+    }                       \
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_EXPORT
+#  define FMT_EXPORT
+#  define FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+#  define FMT_END_EXPORT
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(FMT_HEADER_ONLY) && defined(_WIN32)
+#  if defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT)
+#    define FMT_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#  elif defined(FMT_SHARED)
+#    define FMT_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#  endif
+#elif defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT) || defined(FMT_SHARED)
+#  define FMT_API FMT_VISIBILITY("default")
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_API
+#  define FMT_API
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_UNICODE
+#  define FMT_UNICODE 1
+#endif
+
+// Check if rtti is available.
+#ifndef FMT_USE_RTTI
+// __RTTI is for EDG compilers. _CPPRTTI is for MSVC.
+#  if defined(__GXX_RTTI) || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_rtti) || defined(_CPPRTTI) || \
+      defined(__INTEL_RTTI__) || defined(__RTTI)
+#    define FMT_USE_RTTI 1
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_RTTI 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_FWD(...) static_cast<decltype(__VA_ARGS__)&&>(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+// Enable minimal optimizations for more compact code in debug mode.
+FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC push_options")
+#if !defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && !defined(__CUDACC__)
+FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC optimize(\"Og\")")
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+// Implementations of enable_if_t and other metafunctions for older systems.
+template <bool B, typename T = void>
+using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if<B, T>::type;
+template <bool B, typename T, typename F>
+using conditional_t = typename std::conditional<B, T, F>::type;
+template <bool B> using bool_constant = std::integral_constant<bool, B>;
+template <typename T>
+using remove_reference_t = typename std::remove_reference<T>::type;
+template <typename T>
+using remove_const_t = typename std::remove_const<T>::type;
+template <typename T>
+using remove_cvref_t = typename std::remove_cv<remove_reference_t<T>>::type;
+template <typename T> struct type_identity {
+  using type = T;
+};
+template <typename T> using type_identity_t = typename type_identity<T>::type;
+template <typename T>
+using make_unsigned_t = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+template <typename T>
+using underlying_t = typename std::underlying_type<T>::type;
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 500
+// A workaround for gcc 4.8 to make void_t work in a SFINAE context.
+template <typename...> struct void_t_impl {
+  using type = void;
+};
+template <typename... T> using void_t = typename void_t_impl<T...>::type;
+#else
+template <typename...> using void_t = void;
+#endif
+
+struct monostate {
+  constexpr monostate() {}
+};
+
+// An enable_if helper to be used in template parameters which results in much
+// shorter symbols: https://godbolt.org/z/sWw4vP. Extra parentheses are needed
+// to workaround a bug in MSVC 2019 (see #1140 and #1186).
+#ifdef FMT_DOC
+#  define FMT_ENABLE_IF(...)
+#else
+#  define FMT_ENABLE_IF(...) fmt::enable_if_t<(__VA_ARGS__), int> = 0
+#endif
+
+// This is defined in base.h instead of format.h to avoid injecting in std.
+// It is a template to avoid undesirable implicit conversions to std::byte.
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_byte
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, std::byte>::value)>
+inline auto format_as(T b) -> unsigned char {
+  return static_cast<unsigned char>(b);
+}
+#endif
+
+namespace detail {
+// Suppresses "unused variable" warnings with the method described in
+// https://herbsutter.com/2009/10/18/mailbag-shutting-up-compiler-warnings/.
+// (void)var does not work on many Intel compilers.
+template <typename... T> FMT_CONSTEXPR void ignore_unused(const T&...) {}
+
+constexpr auto is_constant_evaluated(bool default_value = false) noexcept
+    -> bool {
+// Workaround for incompatibility between libstdc++ consteval-based
+// std::is_constant_evaluated() implementation and clang-14:
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/3247.
+#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L && FMT_GLIBCXX_RELEASE >= 12 && \
+    (FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 1400 && FMT_CLANG_VERSION < 1500)
+  ignore_unused(default_value);
+  return __builtin_is_constant_evaluated();
+#elif defined(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)
+  ignore_unused(default_value);
+  return std::is_constant_evaluated();
+#else
+  return default_value;
+#endif
+}
+
+// Suppresses "conditional expression is constant" warnings.
+template <typename T> constexpr auto const_check(T value) -> T { return value; }
+
+FMT_NORETURN FMT_API void assert_fail(const char* file, int line,
+                                      const char* message);
+
+#if defined(FMT_ASSERT)
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif defined(NDEBUG)
+// FMT_ASSERT is not empty to avoid -Wempty-body.
+#  define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message) \
+    fmt::detail::ignore_unused((condition), (message))
+#else
+#  define FMT_ASSERT(condition, message)                                    \
+    ((condition) /* void() fails with -Winvalid-constexpr on clang 4.0.1 */ \
+         ? (void)0                                                          \
+         : fmt::detail::assert_fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, (message)))
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_USE_INT128
+// Do nothing.
+#elif defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__) && !defined(__NVCC__) && \
+    !(FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VERSION)
+#  define FMT_USE_INT128 1
+using int128_opt = __int128_t;  // An optional native 128-bit integer.
+using uint128_opt = __uint128_t;
+template <typename T> inline auto convert_for_visit(T value) -> T {
+  return value;
+}
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_INT128 0
+#endif
+#if !FMT_USE_INT128
+enum class int128_opt {};
+enum class uint128_opt {};
+// Reduce template instantiations.
+template <typename T> auto convert_for_visit(T) -> monostate { return {}; }
+#endif
+
+// Casts a nonnegative integer to unsigned.
+template <typename Int>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto to_unsigned(Int value) -> make_unsigned_t<Int> {
+  FMT_ASSERT(std::is_unsigned<Int>::value || value >= 0, "negative value");
+  return static_cast<make_unsigned_t<Int>>(value);
+}
+
+// A heuristic to detect std::string and std::[experimental::]string_view.
+// It is mainly used to avoid dependency on <[experimental/]string_view>.
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_std_string_like : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct is_std_string_like<T, void_t<decltype(std::declval<T>().find_first_of(
+                                 typename T::value_type(), 0))>>
+    : std::is_convertible<decltype(std::declval<T>().data()),
+                          const typename T::value_type*> {};
+
+// Returns true iff the literal encoding is UTF-8.
+constexpr auto is_utf8_enabled() -> bool {
+  // Avoid an MSVC sign extension bug: https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/pull/2297.
+  using uchar = unsigned char;
+  return sizeof("\u00A7") == 3 && uchar("\u00A7"[0]) == 0xC2 &&
+         uchar("\u00A7"[1]) == 0xA7;
+}
+constexpr auto use_utf8() -> bool {
+  return !FMT_MSC_VERSION || is_utf8_enabled();
+}
+
+static_assert(!FMT_UNICODE || use_utf8(),
+              "Unicode support requires compiling with /utf-8");
+
+template <typename Char> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto length(const Char* s) -> size_t {
+  size_t len = 0;
+  while (*s++) ++len;
+  return len;
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto compare(const Char* s1, const Char* s2, std::size_t n)
+    -> int {
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated() && sizeof(Char) == 1) return memcmp(s1, s2, n);
+  for (; n != 0; ++s1, ++s2, --n) {
+    if (*s1 < *s2) return -1;
+    if (*s1 > *s2) return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+namespace adl {
+using namespace std;
+
+template <typename Container>
+auto invoke_back_inserter()
+    -> decltype(back_inserter(std::declval<Container&>()));
+}  // namespace adl
+
+template <typename It, typename Enable = std::true_type>
+struct is_back_insert_iterator : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename It>
+struct is_back_insert_iterator<
+    It, bool_constant<std::is_same<
+            decltype(adl::invoke_back_inserter<typename It::container_type>()),
+            It>::value>> : std::true_type {};
+
+// Extracts a reference to the container from *insert_iterator.
+template <typename OutputIt>
+inline auto get_container(OutputIt it) -> typename OutputIt::container_type& {
+  struct accessor : OutputIt {
+    accessor(OutputIt base) : OutputIt(base) {}
+    using OutputIt::container;
+  };
+  return *accessor(it).container;
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+// Checks whether T is a container with contiguous storage.
+template <typename T> struct is_contiguous : std::false_type {};
+
+/**
+ * An implementation of `std::basic_string_view` for pre-C++17. It provides a
+ * subset of the API. `fmt::basic_string_view` is used for format strings even
+ * if `std::basic_string_view` is available to prevent issues when a library is
+ * compiled with a different `-std` option than the client code (which is not
+ * recommended).
+ */
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char> class basic_string_view {
+ private:
+  const Char* data_;
+  size_t size_;
+
+ public:
+  using value_type = Char;
+  using iterator = const Char*;
+
+  constexpr basic_string_view() noexcept : data_(nullptr), size_(0) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a string reference object from a C string and a size.
+  constexpr basic_string_view(const Char* s, size_t count) noexcept
+      : data_(s), size_(count) {}
+
+  constexpr basic_string_view(std::nullptr_t) = delete;
+
+  /// Constructs a string reference object from a C string.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20
+  basic_string_view(const Char* s)
+      : data_(s),
+        size_(detail::const_check(std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
+                                  !detail::is_constant_evaluated(false))
+                  ? strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s))
+                  : detail::length(s)) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a string reference from a `std::basic_string` or a
+  /// `std::basic_string_view` object.
+  template <typename S,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_std_string_like<S>::value&& std::is_same<
+                          typename S::value_type, Char>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_string_view(const S& s) noexcept
+      : data_(s.data()), size_(s.size()) {}
+
+  /// Returns a pointer to the string data.
+  constexpr auto data() const noexcept -> const Char* { return data_; }
+
+  /// Returns the string size.
+  constexpr auto size() const noexcept -> size_t { return size_; }
+
+  constexpr auto begin() const noexcept -> iterator { return data_; }
+  constexpr auto end() const noexcept -> iterator { return data_ + size_; }
+
+  constexpr auto operator[](size_t pos) const noexcept -> const Char& {
+    return data_[pos];
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void remove_prefix(size_t n) noexcept {
+    data_ += n;
+    size_ -= n;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto starts_with(basic_string_view<Char> sv) const noexcept
+      -> bool {
+    return size_ >= sv.size_ && detail::compare(data_, sv.data_, sv.size_) == 0;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto starts_with(Char c) const noexcept -> bool {
+    return size_ >= 1 && *data_ == c;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto starts_with(const Char* s) const -> bool {
+    return starts_with(basic_string_view<Char>(s));
+  }
+
+  // Lexicographically compare this string reference to other.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto compare(basic_string_view other) const -> int {
+    size_t str_size = size_ < other.size_ ? size_ : other.size_;
+    int result = detail::compare(data_, other.data_, str_size);
+    if (result == 0)
+      result = size_ == other.size_ ? 0 : (size_ < other.size_ ? -1 : 1);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR friend auto operator==(basic_string_view lhs,
+                                       basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) == 0;
+  }
+  friend auto operator!=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) != 0;
+  }
+  friend auto operator<(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) < 0;
+  }
+  friend auto operator<=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) <= 0;
+  }
+  friend auto operator>(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) > 0;
+  }
+  friend auto operator>=(basic_string_view lhs, basic_string_view rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.compare(rhs) >= 0;
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+using string_view = basic_string_view<char>;
+
+/// Specifies if `T` is a character type. Can be specialized by users.
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T> struct is_char : std::false_type {};
+template <> struct is_char<char> : std::true_type {};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// Constructs fmt::basic_string_view<Char> from types implicitly convertible
+// to it, deducing Char. Explicitly convertible types such as the ones returned
+// from FMT_STRING are intentionally excluded.
+template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_char<Char>::value)>
+constexpr auto to_string_view(const Char* s) -> basic_string_view<Char> {
+  return s;
+}
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_std_string_like<T>::value)>
+constexpr auto to_string_view(const T& s)
+    -> basic_string_view<typename T::value_type> {
+  return s;
+}
+template <typename Char>
+constexpr auto to_string_view(basic_string_view<Char> s)
+    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
+  return s;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_to_string_view : std::false_type {};
+// detail:: is intentional since to_string_view is not an extension point.
+template <typename T>
+struct has_to_string_view<
+    T, void_t<decltype(detail::to_string_view(std::declval<T>()))>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename Char, Char... C> struct string_literal {
+  static constexpr Char value[sizeof...(C)] = {C...};
+  constexpr operator basic_string_view<Char>() const {
+    return {value, sizeof...(C)};
+  }
+};
+#if FMT_CPLUSPLUS < 201703L
+template <typename Char, Char... C>
+constexpr Char string_literal<Char, C...>::value[sizeof...(C)];
+#endif
+
+enum class type {
+  none_type,
+  // Integer types should go first,
+  int_type,
+  uint_type,
+  long_long_type,
+  ulong_long_type,
+  int128_type,
+  uint128_type,
+  bool_type,
+  char_type,
+  last_integer_type = char_type,
+  // followed by floating-point types.
+  float_type,
+  double_type,
+  long_double_type,
+  last_numeric_type = long_double_type,
+  cstring_type,
+  string_type,
+  pointer_type,
+  custom_type
+};
+
+// Maps core type T to the corresponding type enum constant.
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct type_constant : std::integral_constant<type, type::custom_type> {};
+
+#define FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(Type, constant) \
+  template <typename Char>                \
+  struct type_constant<Type, Char>        \
+      : std::integral_constant<type, type::constant> {}
+
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(int, int_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(unsigned, uint_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(long long, long_long_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(unsigned long long, ulong_long_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(int128_opt, int128_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(uint128_opt, uint128_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(bool, bool_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(Char, char_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(float, float_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(double, double_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(long double, long_double_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(const Char*, cstring_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(basic_string_view<Char>, string_type);
+FMT_TYPE_CONSTANT(const void*, pointer_type);
+
+constexpr auto is_integral_type(type t) -> bool {
+  return t > type::none_type && t <= type::last_integer_type;
+}
+constexpr auto is_arithmetic_type(type t) -> bool {
+  return t > type::none_type && t <= type::last_numeric_type;
+}
+
+constexpr auto set(type rhs) -> int { return 1 << static_cast<int>(rhs); }
+constexpr auto in(type t, int set) -> bool {
+  return ((set >> static_cast<int>(t)) & 1) != 0;
+}
+
+// Bitsets of types.
+enum {
+  sint_set =
+      set(type::int_type) | set(type::long_long_type) | set(type::int128_type),
+  uint_set = set(type::uint_type) | set(type::ulong_long_type) |
+             set(type::uint128_type),
+  bool_set = set(type::bool_type),
+  char_set = set(type::char_type),
+  float_set = set(type::float_type) | set(type::double_type) |
+              set(type::long_double_type),
+  string_set = set(type::string_type),
+  cstring_set = set(type::cstring_type),
+  pointer_set = set(type::pointer_type)
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+/// Reports a format error at compile time or, via a `format_error` exception,
+/// at runtime.
+// This function is intentionally not constexpr to give a compile-time error.
+FMT_NORETURN FMT_API void report_error(const char* message);
+
+FMT_DEPRECATED FMT_NORETURN inline void throw_format_error(
+    const char* message) {
+  report_error(message);
+}
+
+/// String's character (code unit) type.
+template <typename S,
+          typename V = decltype(detail::to_string_view(std::declval<S>()))>
+using char_t = typename V::value_type;
+
+/**
+ * Parsing context consisting of a format string range being parsed and an
+ * argument counter for automatic indexing.
+ * You can use the `format_parse_context` type alias for `char` instead.
+ */
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char> class basic_format_parse_context {
+ private:
+  basic_string_view<Char> format_str_;
+  int next_arg_id_;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void do_check_arg_id(int id);
+
+ public:
+  using char_type = Char;
+  using iterator = const Char*;
+
+  explicit constexpr basic_format_parse_context(
+      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, int next_arg_id = 0)
+      : format_str_(format_str), next_arg_id_(next_arg_id) {}
+
+  /// Returns an iterator to the beginning of the format string range being
+  /// parsed.
+  constexpr auto begin() const noexcept -> iterator {
+    return format_str_.begin();
+  }
+
+  /// Returns an iterator past the end of the format string range being parsed.
+  constexpr auto end() const noexcept -> iterator { return format_str_.end(); }
+
+  /// Advances the begin iterator to `it`.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void advance_to(iterator it) {
+    format_str_.remove_prefix(detail::to_unsigned(it - begin()));
+  }
+
+  /// Reports an error if using the manual argument indexing; otherwise returns
+  /// the next argument index and switches to the automatic indexing.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto next_arg_id() -> int {
+    if (next_arg_id_ < 0) {
+      report_error("cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
+      return 0;
+    }
+    int id = next_arg_id_++;
+    do_check_arg_id(id);
+    return id;
+  }
+
+  /// Reports an error if using the automatic argument indexing; otherwise
+  /// switches to the manual indexing.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(int id) {
+    if (next_arg_id_ > 0) {
+      report_error("cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
+      return;
+    }
+    next_arg_id_ = -1;
+    do_check_arg_id(id);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char>) {
+    next_arg_id_ = -1;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_dynamic_spec(int arg_id);
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+using format_parse_context = basic_format_parse_context<char>;
+
+namespace detail {
+// A parse context with extra data used only in compile-time checks.
+template <typename Char>
+class compile_parse_context : public basic_format_parse_context<Char> {
+ private:
+  int num_args_;
+  const type* types_;
+  using base = basic_format_parse_context<Char>;
+
+ public:
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR compile_parse_context(
+      basic_string_view<Char> format_str, int num_args, const type* types,
+      int next_arg_id = 0)
+      : base(format_str, next_arg_id), num_args_(num_args), types_(types) {}
+
+  constexpr auto num_args() const -> int { return num_args_; }
+  constexpr auto arg_type(int id) const -> type { return types_[id]; }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto next_arg_id() -> int {
+    int id = base::next_arg_id();
+    if (id >= num_args_) report_error("argument not found");
+    return id;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_arg_id(int id) {
+    base::check_arg_id(id);
+    if (id >= num_args_) report_error("argument not found");
+  }
+  using base::check_arg_id;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void check_dynamic_spec(int arg_id) {
+    detail::ignore_unused(arg_id);
+    if (arg_id < num_args_ && types_ && !is_integral_type(types_[arg_id]))
+      report_error("width/precision is not integer");
+  }
+};
+
+/// A contiguous memory buffer with an optional growing ability. It is an
+/// internal class and shouldn't be used directly, only via `memory_buffer`.
+template <typename T> class buffer {
+ private:
+  T* ptr_;
+  size_t size_;
+  size_t capacity_;
+
+  using grow_fun = void (*)(buffer& buf, size_t capacity);
+  grow_fun grow_;
+
+ protected:
+  // Don't initialize ptr_ since it is not accessed to save a few cycles.
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 26495)
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 buffer(grow_fun grow, size_t sz) noexcept
+      : size_(sz), capacity_(sz), grow_(grow) {}
+
+  constexpr buffer(grow_fun grow, T* p = nullptr, size_t sz = 0,
+                   size_t cap = 0) noexcept
+      : ptr_(p), size_(sz), capacity_(cap), grow_(grow) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 ~buffer() = default;
+  buffer(buffer&&) = default;
+
+  /// Sets the buffer data and capacity.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set(T* buf_data, size_t buf_capacity) noexcept {
+    ptr_ = buf_data;
+    capacity_ = buf_capacity;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  using value_type = T;
+  using const_reference = const T&;
+
+  buffer(const buffer&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const buffer&) = delete;
+
+  auto begin() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_; }
+  auto end() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_ + size_; }
+
+  auto begin() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_; }
+  auto end() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_ + size_; }
+
+  /// Returns the size of this buffer.
+  constexpr auto size() const noexcept -> size_t { return size_; }
+
+  /// Returns the capacity of this buffer.
+  constexpr auto capacity() const noexcept -> size_t { return capacity_; }
+
+  /// Returns a pointer to the buffer data (not null-terminated).
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto data() noexcept -> T* { return ptr_; }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto data() const noexcept -> const T* { return ptr_; }
+
+  /// Clears this buffer.
+  void clear() { size_ = 0; }
+
+  // Tries resizing the buffer to contain `count` elements. If T is a POD type
+  // the new elements may not be initialized.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void try_resize(size_t count) {
+    try_reserve(count);
+    size_ = count <= capacity_ ? count : capacity_;
+  }
+
+  // Tries increasing the buffer capacity to `new_capacity`. It can increase the
+  // capacity by a smaller amount than requested but guarantees there is space
+  // for at least one additional element either by increasing the capacity or by
+  // flushing the buffer if it is full.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void try_reserve(size_t new_capacity) {
+    if (new_capacity > capacity_) grow_(*this, new_capacity);
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void push_back(const T& value) {
+    try_reserve(size_ + 1);
+    ptr_[size_++] = value;
+  }
+
+  /// Appends data to the end of the buffer.
+  template <typename U> void append(const U* begin, const U* end) {
+    while (begin != end) {
+      auto count = to_unsigned(end - begin);
+      try_reserve(size_ + count);
+      auto free_cap = capacity_ - size_;
+      if (free_cap < count) count = free_cap;
+      // A loop is faster than memcpy on small sizes.
+      T* out = ptr_ + size_;
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) out[i] = begin[i];
+      size_ += count;
+      begin += count;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename Idx> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](Idx index) -> T& {
+    return ptr_[index];
+  }
+  template <typename Idx>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator[](Idx index) const -> const T& {
+    return ptr_[index];
+  }
+};
+
+struct buffer_traits {
+  explicit buffer_traits(size_t) {}
+  auto count() const -> size_t { return 0; }
+  auto limit(size_t size) -> size_t { return size; }
+};
+
+class fixed_buffer_traits {
+ private:
+  size_t count_ = 0;
+  size_t limit_;
+
+ public:
+  explicit fixed_buffer_traits(size_t limit) : limit_(limit) {}
+  auto count() const -> size_t { return count_; }
+  auto limit(size_t size) -> size_t {
+    size_t n = limit_ > count_ ? limit_ - count_ : 0;
+    count_ += size;
+    return size < n ? size : n;
+  }
+};
+
+// A buffer that writes to an output iterator when flushed.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename T, typename Traits = buffer_traits>
+class iterator_buffer : public Traits, public buffer<T> {
+ private:
+  OutputIt out_;
+  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
+  T data_[buffer_size];
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR void grow(buffer<T>& buf, size_t) {
+    if (buf.size() == buffer_size) static_cast<iterator_buffer&>(buf).flush();
+  }
+
+  void flush() {
+    auto size = this->size();
+    this->clear();
+    const T* begin = data_;
+    const T* end = begin + this->limit(size);
+    while (begin != end) *out_++ = *begin++;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(OutputIt out, size_t n = buffer_size)
+      : Traits(n), buffer<T>(grow, data_, 0, buffer_size), out_(out) {}
+  iterator_buffer(iterator_buffer&& other) noexcept
+      : Traits(other),
+        buffer<T>(grow, data_, 0, buffer_size),
+        out_(other.out_) {}
+  ~iterator_buffer() {
+    // Don't crash if flush fails during unwinding.
+    FMT_TRY { flush(); }
+    FMT_CATCH(...) {}
+  }
+
+  auto out() -> OutputIt {
+    flush();
+    return out_;
+  }
+  auto count() const -> size_t { return Traits::count() + this->size(); }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+class iterator_buffer<T*, T, fixed_buffer_traits> : public fixed_buffer_traits,
+                                                    public buffer<T> {
+ private:
+  T* out_;
+  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
+  T data_[buffer_size];
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR void grow(buffer<T>& buf, size_t) {
+    if (buf.size() == buf.capacity())
+      static_cast<iterator_buffer&>(buf).flush();
+  }
+
+  void flush() {
+    size_t n = this->limit(this->size());
+    if (this->data() == out_) {
+      out_ += n;
+      this->set(data_, buffer_size);
+    }
+    this->clear();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(T* out, size_t n = buffer_size)
+      : fixed_buffer_traits(n), buffer<T>(grow, out, 0, n), out_(out) {}
+  iterator_buffer(iterator_buffer&& other) noexcept
+      : fixed_buffer_traits(other),
+        buffer<T>(static_cast<iterator_buffer&&>(other)),
+        out_(other.out_) {
+    if (this->data() != out_) {
+      this->set(data_, buffer_size);
+      this->clear();
+    }
+  }
+  ~iterator_buffer() { flush(); }
+
+  auto out() -> T* {
+    flush();
+    return out_;
+  }
+  auto count() const -> size_t {
+    return fixed_buffer_traits::count() + this->size();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T> class iterator_buffer<T*, T> : public buffer<T> {
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(T* out, size_t = 0)
+      : buffer<T>([](buffer<T>&, size_t) {}, out, 0, ~size_t()) {}
+
+  auto out() -> T* { return &*this->end(); }
+};
+
+// A buffer that writes to a container with the contiguous storage.
+template <typename OutputIt>
+class iterator_buffer<
+    OutputIt,
+    enable_if_t<detail::is_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value &&
+                    is_contiguous<typename OutputIt::container_type>::value,
+                typename OutputIt::container_type::value_type>>
+    : public buffer<typename OutputIt::container_type::value_type> {
+ private:
+  using container_type = typename OutputIt::container_type;
+  using value_type = typename container_type::value_type;
+  container_type& container_;
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR void grow(buffer<value_type>& buf, size_t capacity) {
+    auto& self = static_cast<iterator_buffer&>(buf);
+    self.container_.resize(capacity);
+    self.set(&self.container_[0], capacity);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit iterator_buffer(container_type& c)
+      : buffer<value_type>(grow, c.size()), container_(c) {}
+  explicit iterator_buffer(OutputIt out, size_t = 0)
+      : iterator_buffer(get_container(out)) {}
+
+  auto out() -> OutputIt { return back_inserter(container_); }
+};
+
+// A buffer that counts the number of code units written discarding the output.
+template <typename T = char> class counting_buffer : public buffer<T> {
+ private:
+  enum { buffer_size = 256 };
+  T data_[buffer_size];
+  size_t count_ = 0;
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR void grow(buffer<T>& buf, size_t) {
+    if (buf.size() != buffer_size) return;
+    static_cast<counting_buffer&>(buf).count_ += buf.size();
+    buf.clear();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  counting_buffer() : buffer<T>(grow, data_, 0, buffer_size) {}
+
+  auto count() -> size_t { return count_ + this->size(); }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void basic_format_parse_context<Char>::do_check_arg_id(int id) {
+  // Argument id is only checked at compile-time during parsing because
+  // formatting has its own validation.
+  if (detail::is_constant_evaluated() &&
+      (!FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1200)) {
+    using context = detail::compile_parse_context<Char>;
+    if (id >= static_cast<context*>(this)->num_args())
+      report_error("argument not found");
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void basic_format_parse_context<Char>::check_dynamic_spec(
+    int arg_id) {
+  if (detail::is_constant_evaluated() &&
+      (!FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 1200)) {
+    using context = detail::compile_parse_context<Char>;
+    static_cast<context*>(this)->check_dynamic_spec(arg_id);
+  }
+}
+
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class basic_format_arg;
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class basic_format_args;
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename Context> class dynamic_format_arg_store;
+
+// A formatter for objects of type T.
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char = char, typename Enable = void>
+struct formatter {
+  // A deleted default constructor indicates a disabled formatter.
+  formatter() = delete;
+};
+
+// Specifies if T has an enabled formatter specialization. A type can be
+// formattable even if it doesn't have a formatter e.g. via a conversion.
+template <typename T, typename Context>
+using has_formatter =
+    std::is_constructible<typename Context::template formatter_type<T>>;
+
+// An output iterator that appends to a buffer. It is used instead of
+// back_insert_iterator to reduce symbol sizes and avoid <iterator> dependency.
+template <typename T> class basic_appender {
+ private:
+  detail::buffer<T>* buffer_;
+
+  friend auto get_container(basic_appender app) -> detail::buffer<T>& {
+    return *app.buffer_;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  using iterator_category = int;
+  using value_type = T;
+  using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
+  using pointer = T*;
+  using reference = T&;
+  using container_type = detail::buffer<T>;
+  FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(basic_appender);
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_appender(detail::buffer<T>& buf) : buffer_(&buf) {}
+
+  auto operator=(T c) -> basic_appender& {
+    buffer_->push_back(c);
+    return *this;
+  }
+  auto operator*() -> basic_appender& { return *this; }
+  auto operator++() -> basic_appender& { return *this; }
+  auto operator++(int) -> basic_appender { return *this; }
+};
+
+using appender = basic_appender<char>;
+
+namespace detail {
+template <typename T>
+struct is_back_insert_iterator<basic_appender<T>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct locking : std::true_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct locking<T, void_t<typename formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>>::nonlocking>>
+    : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T = int> FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto is_locking() -> bool {
+  return locking<T>::value;
+}
+template <typename T1, typename T2, typename... Tail>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto is_locking() -> bool {
+  return locking<T1>::value || is_locking<T2, Tail...>();
+}
+
+// An optimized version of std::copy with the output value type (T).
+template <typename T, typename InputIt, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value)>
+auto copy(InputIt begin, InputIt end, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  get_container(out).append(begin, end);
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename InputIt, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto copy(InputIt begin, InputIt end, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  while (begin != end) *out++ = static_cast<T>(*begin++);
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename V, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto copy(basic_string_view<V> s, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  return copy<T>(s.begin(), s.end(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename Context, typename T>
+constexpr auto has_const_formatter_impl(T*)
+    -> decltype(typename Context::template formatter_type<T>().format(
+                    std::declval<const T&>(), std::declval<Context&>()),
+                true) {
+  return true;
+}
+template <typename Context>
+constexpr auto has_const_formatter_impl(...) -> bool {
+  return false;
+}
+template <typename T, typename Context>
+constexpr auto has_const_formatter() -> bool {
+  return has_const_formatter_impl<Context>(static_cast<T*>(nullptr));
+}
+
+template <typename It, typename Enable = std::true_type>
+struct is_buffer_appender : std::false_type {};
+template <typename It>
+struct is_buffer_appender<
+    It, bool_constant<
+            is_back_insert_iterator<It>::value &&
+            std::is_base_of<buffer<typename It::container_type::value_type>,
+                            typename It::container_type>::value>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// Maps an output iterator to a buffer.
+template <typename T, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_buffer_appender<OutputIt>::value)>
+auto get_buffer(OutputIt out) -> iterator_buffer<OutputIt, T> {
+  return iterator_buffer<OutputIt, T>(out);
+}
+template <typename T, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_buffer_appender<OutputIt>::value)>
+auto get_buffer(OutputIt out) -> buffer<T>& {
+  return get_container(out);
+}
+
+template <typename Buf, typename OutputIt>
+auto get_iterator(Buf& buf, OutputIt) -> decltype(buf.out()) {
+  return buf.out();
+}
+template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
+auto get_iterator(buffer<T>&, OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  return out;
+}
+
+struct view {};
+
+template <typename Char, typename T> struct named_arg : view {
+  const Char* name;
+  const T& value;
+  named_arg(const Char* n, const T& v) : name(n), value(v) {}
+};
+
+template <typename Char> struct named_arg_info {
+  const Char* name;
+  int id;
+};
+
+template <typename T> struct is_named_arg : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T> struct is_statically_named_arg : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct is_named_arg<named_arg<Char, T>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <bool B = false> constexpr auto count() -> size_t { return B ? 1 : 0; }
+template <bool B1, bool B2, bool... Tail> constexpr auto count() -> size_t {
+  return (B1 ? 1 : 0) + count<B2, Tail...>();
+}
+
+template <typename... Args> constexpr auto count_named_args() -> size_t {
+  return count<is_named_arg<Args>::value...>();
+}
+
+template <typename... Args>
+constexpr auto count_statically_named_args() -> size_t {
+  return count<is_statically_named_arg<Args>::value...>();
+}
+
+struct unformattable {};
+struct unformattable_char : unformattable {};
+struct unformattable_pointer : unformattable {};
+
+template <typename Char> struct string_value {
+  const Char* data;
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+template <typename Char> struct named_arg_value {
+  const named_arg_info<Char>* data;
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+template <typename Context> struct custom_value {
+  using parse_context = typename Context::parse_context_type;
+  void* value;
+  void (*format)(void* arg, parse_context& parse_ctx, Context& ctx);
+};
+
+// A formatting argument value.
+template <typename Context> class value {
+ public:
+  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
+
+  union {
+    monostate no_value;
+    int int_value;
+    unsigned uint_value;
+    long long long_long_value;
+    unsigned long long ulong_long_value;
+    int128_opt int128_value;
+    uint128_opt uint128_value;
+    bool bool_value;
+    char_type char_value;
+    float float_value;
+    double double_value;
+    long double long_double_value;
+    const void* pointer;
+    string_value<char_type> string;
+    custom_value<Context> custom;
+    named_arg_value<char_type> named_args;
+  };
+
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value() : no_value() {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(int val) : int_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(unsigned val) : uint_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(long long val) : long_long_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(unsigned long long val)
+      : ulong_long_value(val) {}
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(int128_opt val) : int128_value(val) {}
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(uint128_opt val) : uint128_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(float val) : float_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(double val) : double_value(val) {}
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(long double val) : long_double_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(bool val) : bool_value(val) {}
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(char_type val) : char_value(val) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(const char_type* val) {
+    string.data = val;
+    if (is_constant_evaluated()) string.size = {};
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(basic_string_view<char_type> val) {
+    string.data = val.data();
+    string.size = val.size();
+  }
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(const void* val) : pointer(val) {}
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(const named_arg_info<char_type>* args, size_t size)
+      : named_args{args, size} {}
+
+  template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR20 FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE value(T& val) {
+    using value_type = remove_const_t<T>;
+    // T may overload operator& e.g. std::vector<bool>::reference in libc++.
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
+    if constexpr (std::is_same<decltype(&val), T*>::value)
+      custom.value = const_cast<value_type*>(&val);
+#endif
+    if (!is_constant_evaluated())
+      custom.value = const_cast<char*>(&reinterpret_cast<const char&>(val));
+    // Get the formatter type through the context to allow different contexts
+    // have different extension points, e.g. `formatter<T>` for `format` and
+    // `printf_formatter<T>` for `printf`.
+    custom.format = format_custom_arg<
+        value_type, typename Context::template formatter_type<value_type>>;
+  }
+  value(unformattable);
+  value(unformattable_char);
+  value(unformattable_pointer);
+
+ private:
+  // Formats an argument of a custom type, such as a user-defined class.
+  template <typename T, typename Formatter>
+  static void format_custom_arg(void* arg,
+                                typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
+                                Context& ctx) {
+    auto f = Formatter();
+    parse_ctx.advance_to(f.parse(parse_ctx));
+    using qualified_type =
+        conditional_t<has_const_formatter<T, Context>(), const T, T>;
+    // format must be const for compatibility with std::format and compilation.
+    const auto& cf = f;
+    ctx.advance_to(cf.format(*static_cast<qualified_type*>(arg), ctx));
+  }
+};
+
+// To minimize the number of types we need to deal with, long is translated
+// either to int or to long long depending on its size.
+enum { long_short = sizeof(long) == sizeof(int) };
+using long_type = conditional_t<long_short, int, long long>;
+using ulong_type = conditional_t<long_short, unsigned, unsigned long long>;
+
+template <typename T> struct format_as_result {
+  template <typename U,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_enum<U>::value || std::is_class<U>::value)>
+  static auto map(U*) -> remove_cvref_t<decltype(format_as(std::declval<U>()))>;
+  static auto map(...) -> void;
+
+  using type = decltype(map(static_cast<T*>(nullptr)));
+};
+template <typename T> using format_as_t = typename format_as_result<T>::type;
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_format_as
+    : bool_constant<!std::is_same<format_as_t<T>, void>::value> {};
+
+#define FMT_MAP_API FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE
+
+// Maps formatting arguments to core types.
+// arg_mapper reports errors by returning unformattable instead of using
+// static_assert because it's used in the is_formattable trait.
+template <typename Context> struct arg_mapper {
+  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
+
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(signed char val) -> int { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(unsigned char val) -> unsigned { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(short val) -> int { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(unsigned short val) -> unsigned { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(int val) -> int { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(unsigned val) -> unsigned { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(long val) -> long_type { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(unsigned long val) -> ulong_type { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(long long val) -> long long { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(unsigned long long val) -> unsigned long long {
+    return val;
+  }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(int128_opt val) -> int128_opt { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(uint128_opt val) -> uint128_opt { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(bool val) -> bool { return val; }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, char>::value ||
+                                      std::is_same<T, char_type>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(T val) -> char_type {
+    return val;
+  }
+  template <typename T, enable_if_t<(std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value ||
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+                                     std::is_same<T, char8_t>::value ||
+#endif
+                                     std::is_same<T, char16_t>::value ||
+                                     std::is_same<T, char32_t>::value) &&
+                                        !std::is_same<T, char_type>::value,
+                                    int> = 0>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(T) -> unformattable_char {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(float val) -> float { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(double val) -> double { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(long double val) -> long double { return val; }
+
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(char_type* val) -> const char_type* { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const char_type* val) -> const char_type* { return val; }
+  template <typename T, typename Char = char_t<T>,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<Char, char_type>::value &&
+                          !std::is_pointer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const T& val) -> basic_string_view<Char> {
+    return to_string_view(val);
+  }
+  template <typename T, typename Char = char_t<T>,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char_type>::value &&
+                          !std::is_pointer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const T&) -> unformattable_char {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(void* val) -> const void* { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const void* val) -> const void* { return val; }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(volatile void* val) -> const void* {
+    return const_cast<const void*>(val);
+  }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const volatile void* val) -> const void* {
+    return const_cast<const void*>(val);
+  }
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(std::nullptr_t val) -> const void* { return val; }
+
+  // Use SFINAE instead of a const T* parameter to avoid a conflict with the
+  // array overload.
+  template <
+      typename T,
+      FMT_ENABLE_IF(
+          std::is_pointer<T>::value || std::is_member_pointer<T>::value ||
+          std::is_function<typename std::remove_pointer<T>::type>::value ||
+          (std::is_array<T>::value &&
+           !std::is_convertible<T, const char_type*>::value))>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto map(const T&) -> unformattable_pointer {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, std::size_t N,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const T (&values)[N]) -> const T (&)[N] {
+    return values;
+  }
+
+  // Only map owning types because mapping views can be unsafe.
+  template <typename T, typename U = format_as_t<T>,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_arithmetic<U>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const T& val) -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS map(U())) {
+    return map(format_as(val));
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, typename U = remove_const_t<T>>
+  struct formattable : bool_constant<has_const_formatter<U, Context>() ||
+                                     (has_formatter<U, Context>::value &&
+                                      !std::is_const<T>::value)> {};
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(formattable<T>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto do_map(T& val) -> T& {
+    return val;
+  }
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!formattable<T>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto do_map(T&) -> unformattable {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  // is_fundamental is used to allow formatters for extended FP types.
+  template <typename T, typename U = remove_const_t<T>,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(
+                (std::is_class<U>::value || std::is_enum<U>::value ||
+                 std::is_union<U>::value || std::is_fundamental<U>::value) &&
+                !has_to_string_view<U>::value && !is_char<U>::value &&
+                !is_named_arg<U>::value && !std::is_integral<U>::value &&
+                !std::is_arithmetic<format_as_t<U>>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(T& val) -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS do_map(val)) {
+    return do_map(val);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_named_arg<T>::value)>
+  FMT_MAP_API auto map(const T& named_arg)
+      -> decltype(FMT_DECLTYPE_THIS map(named_arg.value)) {
+    return map(named_arg.value);
+  }
+
+  auto map(...) -> unformattable { return {}; }
+};
+
+// A type constant after applying arg_mapper<Context>.
+template <typename T, typename Context>
+using mapped_type_constant =
+    type_constant<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(std::declval<const T&>())),
+                  typename Context::char_type>;
+
+enum { packed_arg_bits = 4 };
+// Maximum number of arguments with packed types.
+enum { max_packed_args = 62 / packed_arg_bits };
+enum : unsigned long long { is_unpacked_bit = 1ULL << 63 };
+enum : unsigned long long { has_named_args_bit = 1ULL << 62 };
+
+template <typename It, typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_output_iterator : std::false_type {};
+
+template <> struct is_output_iterator<appender, char> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename It, typename T>
+struct is_output_iterator<
+    It, T, void_t<decltype(*std::declval<It&>()++ = std::declval<T>())>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// A type-erased reference to an std::locale to avoid a heavy <locale> include.
+class locale_ref {
+ private:
+  const void* locale_;  // A type-erased pointer to std::locale.
+
+ public:
+  constexpr locale_ref() : locale_(nullptr) {}
+  template <typename Locale> explicit locale_ref(const Locale& loc);
+
+  explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return locale_ != nullptr; }
+
+  template <typename Locale> auto get() const -> Locale;
+};
+
+template <typename> constexpr auto encode_types() -> unsigned long long {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+template <typename Context, typename Arg, typename... Args>
+constexpr auto encode_types() -> unsigned long long {
+  return static_cast<unsigned>(mapped_type_constant<Arg, Context>::value) |
+         (encode_types<Context, Args...>() << packed_arg_bits);
+}
+
+template <typename Context, typename... T, size_t NUM_ARGS = sizeof...(T)>
+constexpr unsigned long long make_descriptor() {
+  return NUM_ARGS <= max_packed_args ? encode_types<Context, T...>()
+                                     : is_unpacked_bit | NUM_ARGS;
+}
+
+// This type is intentionally undefined, only used for errors.
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_CLANG_VERSION <= 1500
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/3796
+struct type_is_unformattable_for {
+};
+#else
+struct type_is_unformattable_for;
+#endif
+
+template <bool PACKED, typename Context, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(PACKED)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_arg(T& val) -> value<Context> {
+  using arg_type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(val))>;
+
+  // Use enum instead of constexpr because the latter may generate code.
+  enum {
+    formattable_char = !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable_char>::value
+  };
+  static_assert(formattable_char, "Mixing character types is disallowed.");
+
+  // Formatting of arbitrary pointers is disallowed. If you want to format a
+  // pointer cast it to `void*` or `const void*`. In particular, this forbids
+  // formatting of `[const] volatile char*` printed as bool by iostreams.
+  enum {
+    formattable_pointer = !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable_pointer>::value
+  };
+  static_assert(formattable_pointer,
+                "Formatting of non-void pointers is disallowed.");
+
+  enum { formattable = !std::is_same<arg_type, unformattable>::value };
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
+  if constexpr (!formattable)
+    type_is_unformattable_for<T, typename Context::char_type> _;
+#endif
+  static_assert(
+      formattable,
+      "Cannot format an argument. To make type T formattable provide a "
+      "formatter<T> specialization: https://fmt.dev/latest/api.html#udt");
+  return {arg_mapper<Context>().map(val)};
+}
+
+template <typename Context, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_arg(T& val) -> basic_format_arg<Context> {
+  auto arg = basic_format_arg<Context>();
+  arg.type_ = mapped_type_constant<T, Context>::value;
+  arg.value_ = make_arg<true, Context>(val);
+  return arg;
+}
+
+template <bool PACKED, typename Context, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!PACKED)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto make_arg(T& val) -> basic_format_arg<Context> {
+  return make_arg<Context>(val);
+}
+
+template <typename Context, size_t NUM_ARGS>
+using arg_t = conditional_t<NUM_ARGS <= max_packed_args, value<Context>,
+                            basic_format_arg<Context>>;
+
+template <typename Char, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_named_arg<T>::value)>
+void init_named_arg(named_arg_info<Char>*, int& arg_index, int&, const T&) {
+  ++arg_index;
+}
+template <typename Char, typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_named_arg<T>::value)>
+void init_named_arg(named_arg_info<Char>* named_args, int& arg_index,
+                    int& named_arg_index, const T& arg) {
+  named_args[named_arg_index++] = {arg.name, arg_index++};
+}
+
+// An array of references to arguments. It can be implicitly converted to
+// `fmt::basic_format_args` for passing into type-erased formatting functions
+// such as `fmt::vformat`.
+template <typename Context, size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS,
+          unsigned long long DESC>
+struct format_arg_store {
+  // args_[0].named_args points to named_args to avoid bloating format_args.
+  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
+  static constexpr size_t ARGS_ARR_SIZE = 1 + (NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1);
+
+  arg_t<Context, NUM_ARGS> args[ARGS_ARR_SIZE];
+  named_arg_info<typename Context::char_type> named_args[NUM_NAMED_ARGS];
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  FMT_MAP_API format_arg_store(T&... values)
+      : args{{named_args, NUM_NAMED_ARGS},
+             make_arg<NUM_ARGS <= max_packed_args, Context>(values)...} {
+    using dummy = int[];
+    int arg_index = 0, named_arg_index = 0;
+    (void)dummy{
+        0,
+        (init_named_arg(named_args, arg_index, named_arg_index, values), 0)...};
+  }
+
+  format_arg_store(format_arg_store&& rhs) {
+    args[0] = {named_args, NUM_NAMED_ARGS};
+    for (size_t i = 1; i < ARGS_ARR_SIZE; ++i) args[i] = rhs.args[i];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_NAMED_ARGS; ++i)
+      named_args[i] = rhs.named_args[i];
+  }
+
+  format_arg_store(const format_arg_store& rhs) = delete;
+  format_arg_store& operator=(const format_arg_store& rhs) = delete;
+  format_arg_store& operator=(format_arg_store&& rhs) = delete;
+};
+
+// A specialization of format_arg_store without named arguments.
+// It is a plain struct to reduce binary size in debug mode.
+template <typename Context, size_t NUM_ARGS, unsigned long long DESC>
+struct format_arg_store<Context, NUM_ARGS, 0, DESC> {
+  // +1 to workaround a bug in gcc 7.5 that causes duplicated-branches warning.
+  arg_t<Context, NUM_ARGS> args[NUM_ARGS != 0 ? NUM_ARGS : +1];
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+// A formatting argument. Context is a template parameter for the compiled API
+// where output can be unbuffered.
+template <typename Context> class basic_format_arg {
+ private:
+  detail::value<Context> value_;
+  detail::type type_;
+
+  template <typename ContextType, typename T>
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto detail::make_arg(T& value)
+      -> basic_format_arg<ContextType>;
+
+  friend class basic_format_args<Context>;
+  friend class dynamic_format_arg_store<Context>;
+
+  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
+
+  template <typename, size_t, size_t, unsigned long long>
+  friend struct detail::format_arg_store;
+
+  basic_format_arg(const detail::named_arg_info<char_type>* args, size_t size)
+      : value_(args, size) {}
+
+ public:
+  class handle {
+   public:
+    explicit handle(detail::custom_value<Context> custom) : custom_(custom) {}
+
+    void format(typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
+                Context& ctx) const {
+      custom_.format(custom_.value, parse_ctx, ctx);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    detail::custom_value<Context> custom_;
+  };
+
+  constexpr basic_format_arg() : type_(detail::type::none_type) {}
+
+  constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept {
+    return type_ != detail::type::none_type;
+  }
+
+  auto type() const -> detail::type { return type_; }
+
+  auto is_integral() const -> bool { return detail::is_integral_type(type_); }
+  auto is_arithmetic() const -> bool {
+    return detail::is_arithmetic_type(type_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Visits an argument dispatching to the appropriate visit method based on
+   * the argument type. For example, if the argument type is `double` then
+   * `vis(value)` will be called with the value of type `double`.
+   */
+  template <typename Visitor>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto visit(Visitor&& vis) const -> decltype(vis(0)) {
+    switch (type_) {
+    case detail::type::none_type:
+      break;
+    case detail::type::int_type:
+      return vis(value_.int_value);
+    case detail::type::uint_type:
+      return vis(value_.uint_value);
+    case detail::type::long_long_type:
+      return vis(value_.long_long_value);
+    case detail::type::ulong_long_type:
+      return vis(value_.ulong_long_value);
+    case detail::type::int128_type:
+      return vis(detail::convert_for_visit(value_.int128_value));
+    case detail::type::uint128_type:
+      return vis(detail::convert_for_visit(value_.uint128_value));
+    case detail::type::bool_type:
+      return vis(value_.bool_value);
+    case detail::type::char_type:
+      return vis(value_.char_value);
+    case detail::type::float_type:
+      return vis(value_.float_value);
+    case detail::type::double_type:
+      return vis(value_.double_value);
+    case detail::type::long_double_type:
+      return vis(value_.long_double_value);
+    case detail::type::cstring_type:
+      return vis(value_.string.data);
+    case detail::type::string_type:
+      using sv = basic_string_view<typename Context::char_type>;
+      return vis(sv(value_.string.data, value_.string.size));
+    case detail::type::pointer_type:
+      return vis(value_.pointer);
+    case detail::type::custom_type:
+      return vis(typename basic_format_arg<Context>::handle(value_.custom));
+    }
+    return vis(monostate());
+  }
+
+  auto format_custom(const char_type* parse_begin,
+                     typename Context::parse_context_type& parse_ctx,
+                     Context& ctx) -> bool {
+    if (type_ != detail::type::custom_type) return false;
+    parse_ctx.advance_to(parse_begin);
+    value_.custom.format(value_.custom.value, parse_ctx, ctx);
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Visitor, typename Context>
+FMT_DEPRECATED FMT_CONSTEXPR auto visit_format_arg(
+    Visitor&& vis, const basic_format_arg<Context>& arg) -> decltype(vis(0)) {
+  return arg.visit(static_cast<Visitor&&>(vis));
+}
+
+/**
+ * A view of a collection of formatting arguments. To avoid lifetime issues it
+ * should only be used as a parameter type in type-erased functions such as
+ * `vformat`:
+ *
+ *     void vlog(fmt::string_view fmt, fmt::format_args args);  // OK
+ *     fmt::format_args args = fmt::make_format_args();  // Dangling reference
+ */
+template <typename Context> class basic_format_args {
+ public:
+  using size_type = int;
+  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<Context>;
+
+ private:
+  // A descriptor that contains information about formatting arguments.
+  // If the number of arguments is less or equal to max_packed_args then
+  // argument types are passed in the descriptor. This reduces binary code size
+  // per formatting function call.
+  unsigned long long desc_;
+  union {
+    // If is_packed() returns true then argument values are stored in values_;
+    // otherwise they are stored in args_. This is done to improve cache
+    // locality and reduce compiled code size since storing larger objects
+    // may require more code (at least on x86-64) even if the same amount of
+    // data is actually copied to stack. It saves ~10% on the bloat test.
+    const detail::value<Context>* values_;
+    const format_arg* args_;
+  };
+
+  constexpr auto is_packed() const -> bool {
+    return (desc_ & detail::is_unpacked_bit) == 0;
+  }
+  constexpr auto has_named_args() const -> bool {
+    return (desc_ & detail::has_named_args_bit) != 0;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto type(int index) const -> detail::type {
+    int shift = index * detail::packed_arg_bits;
+    unsigned int mask = (1 << detail::packed_arg_bits) - 1;
+    return static_cast<detail::type>((desc_ >> shift) & mask);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  constexpr basic_format_args() : desc_(0), args_(nullptr) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from `format_arg_store`.
+  template <size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS, unsigned long long DESC,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(NUM_ARGS <= detail::max_packed_args)>
+  constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE basic_format_args(
+      const detail::format_arg_store<Context, NUM_ARGS, NUM_NAMED_ARGS, DESC>&
+          store)
+      : desc_(DESC), values_(store.args + (NUM_NAMED_ARGS != 0 ? 1 : 0)) {}
+
+  template <size_t NUM_ARGS, size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS, unsigned long long DESC,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(NUM_ARGS > detail::max_packed_args)>
+  constexpr basic_format_args(
+      const detail::format_arg_store<Context, NUM_ARGS, NUM_NAMED_ARGS, DESC>&
+          store)
+      : desc_(DESC), args_(store.args + (NUM_NAMED_ARGS != 0 ? 1 : 0)) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from `dynamic_format_arg_store`.
+  constexpr basic_format_args(const dynamic_format_arg_store<Context>& store)
+      : desc_(store.get_types()), args_(store.data()) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a `basic_format_args` object from a dynamic list of arguments.
+  constexpr basic_format_args(const format_arg* args, int count)
+      : desc_(detail::is_unpacked_bit | detail::to_unsigned(count)),
+        args_(args) {}
+
+  /// Returns the argument with the specified id.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get(int id) const -> format_arg {
+    format_arg arg;
+    if (!is_packed()) {
+      if (id < max_size()) arg = args_[id];
+      return arg;
+    }
+    if (static_cast<unsigned>(id) >= detail::max_packed_args) return arg;
+    arg.type_ = type(id);
+    if (arg.type_ == detail::type::none_type) return arg;
+    arg.value_ = values_[id];
+    return arg;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Char>
+  auto get(basic_string_view<Char> name) const -> format_arg {
+    int id = get_id(name);
+    return id >= 0 ? get(id) : format_arg();
+  }
+
+  template <typename Char>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_id(basic_string_view<Char> name) const -> int {
+    if (!has_named_args()) return -1;
+    const auto& named_args =
+        (is_packed() ? values_[-1] : args_[-1].value_).named_args;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < named_args.size; ++i) {
+      if (named_args.data[i].name == name) return named_args.data[i].id;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  auto max_size() const -> int {
+    unsigned long long max_packed = detail::max_packed_args;
+    return static_cast<int>(is_packed() ? max_packed
+                                        : desc_ & ~detail::is_unpacked_bit);
+  }
+};
+
+// A formatting context.
+class context {
+ private:
+  appender out_;
+  basic_format_args<context> args_;
+  detail::locale_ref loc_;
+
+ public:
+  /// The character type for the output.
+  using char_type = char;
+
+  using iterator = appender;
+  using format_arg = basic_format_arg<context>;
+  using parse_context_type = basic_format_parse_context<char>;
+  template <typename T> using formatter_type = formatter<T, char>;
+
+  /// Constructs a `basic_format_context` object. References to the arguments
+  /// are stored in the object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR context(iterator out, basic_format_args<context> ctx_args,
+                        detail::locale_ref loc = {})
+      : out_(out), args_(ctx_args), loc_(loc) {}
+  context(context&&) = default;
+  context(const context&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const context&) = delete;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto arg(int id) const -> format_arg { return args_.get(id); }
+  auto arg(string_view name) -> format_arg { return args_.get(name); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto arg_id(string_view name) -> int {
+    return args_.get_id(name);
+  }
+  auto args() const -> const basic_format_args<context>& { return args_; }
+
+  // Returns an iterator to the beginning of the output range.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto out() -> iterator { return out_; }
+
+  // Advances the begin iterator to `it`.
+  void advance_to(iterator) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto locale() -> detail::locale_ref { return loc_; }
+};
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class generic_context;
+
+// Longer aliases for C++20 compatibility.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
+using basic_format_context =
+    conditional_t<std::is_same<OutputIt, appender>::value, context,
+                  generic_context<OutputIt, Char>>;
+using format_context = context;
+
+template <typename Char>
+using buffered_context = basic_format_context<basic_appender<Char>, Char>;
+
+template <typename T, typename Char = char>
+using is_formattable = bool_constant<!std::is_base_of<
+    detail::unformattable, decltype(detail::arg_mapper<buffered_context<Char>>()
+                                        .map(std::declval<T&>()))>::value>;
+
+#if FMT_USE_CONCEPTS
+template <typename T, typename Char = char>
+concept formattable = is_formattable<remove_reference_t<T>, Char>::value;
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Constructs an object that stores references to arguments and can be
+ * implicitly converted to `format_args`. `Context` can be omitted in which case
+ * it defaults to `format_context`. See `arg` for lifetime considerations.
+ */
+// Take arguments by lvalue references to avoid some lifetime issues, e.g.
+//   auto args = make_format_args(std::string());
+template <typename Context = format_context, typename... T,
+          size_t NUM_ARGS = sizeof...(T),
+          size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS = detail::count_named_args<T...>(),
+          unsigned long long DESC = detail::make_descriptor<Context, T...>(),
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(NUM_NAMED_ARGS == 0)>
+constexpr FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE auto make_format_args(T&... args)
+    -> detail::format_arg_store<Context, NUM_ARGS, 0, DESC> {
+  return {{detail::make_arg<NUM_ARGS <= detail::max_packed_args, Context>(
+      args)...}};
+}
+
+#ifndef FMT_DOC
+template <typename Context = format_context, typename... T,
+          size_t NUM_NAMED_ARGS = detail::count_named_args<T...>(),
+          unsigned long long DESC =
+              detail::make_descriptor<Context, T...>() |
+              static_cast<unsigned long long>(detail::has_named_args_bit),
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(NUM_NAMED_ARGS != 0)>
+constexpr auto make_format_args(T&... args)
+    -> detail::format_arg_store<Context, sizeof...(T), NUM_NAMED_ARGS, DESC> {
+  return {args...};
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Returns a named argument to be used in a formatting function.
+ * It should only be used in a call to a formatting function or
+ * `dynamic_format_arg_store::push_back`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("The answer is {answer}.", fmt::arg("answer", 42));
+ */
+template <typename Char, typename T>
+inline auto arg(const Char* name, const T& arg) -> detail::named_arg<Char, T> {
+  static_assert(!detail::is_named_arg<T>(), "nested named arguments");
+  return {name, arg};
+}
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+
+/// An alias for `basic_format_args<format_context>`.
+// A separate type would result in shorter symbols but break ABI compatibility
+// between clang and gcc on ARM (#1919).
+FMT_EXPORT using format_args = basic_format_args<format_context>;
+
+// We cannot use enum classes as bit fields because of a gcc bug, so we put them
+// in namespaces instead (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=61414).
+// Additionally, if an underlying type is specified, older gcc incorrectly warns
+// that the type is too small. Both bugs are fixed in gcc 9.3.
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 903
+#  define FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(type)
+#else
+#  define FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(type) : type
+#endif
+namespace align {
+enum type FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(unsigned char){none, left, right, center,
+                                                  numeric};
+}
+using align_t = align::type;
+namespace sign {
+enum type FMT_ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE(unsigned char){none, minus, plus, space};
+}
+using sign_t = sign::type;
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char>
+using unsigned_char = typename conditional_t<std::is_integral<Char>::value,
+                                             std::make_unsigned<Char>,
+                                             type_identity<unsigned>>::type;
+
+// Character (code unit) type is erased to prevent template bloat.
+struct fill_t {
+ private:
+  enum { max_size = 4 };
+  char data_[max_size] = {' '};
+  unsigned char size_ = 1;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename Char>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator=(basic_string_view<Char> s) {
+    auto size = s.size();
+    size_ = static_cast<unsigned char>(size);
+    if (size == 1) {
+      unsigned uchar = static_cast<unsigned_char<Char>>(s[0]);
+      data_[0] = static_cast<char>(uchar);
+      data_[1] = static_cast<char>(uchar >> 8);
+      return;
+    }
+    FMT_ASSERT(size <= max_size, "invalid fill");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) data_[i] = static_cast<char>(s[i]);
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator=(char c) {
+    data_[0] = c;
+    size_ = 1;
+  }
+
+  constexpr auto size() const -> size_t { return size_; }
+
+  template <typename Char> constexpr auto get() const -> Char {
+    using uchar = unsigned char;
+    return static_cast<Char>(static_cast<uchar>(data_[0]) |
+                             (static_cast<uchar>(data_[1]) << 8));
+  }
+
+  template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+  constexpr auto data() const -> const Char* {
+    return data_;
+  }
+  template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+  constexpr auto data() const -> const Char* {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+enum class presentation_type : unsigned char {
+  // Common specifiers:
+  none = 0,
+  debug = 1,   // '?'
+  string = 2,  // 's' (string, bool)
+
+  // Integral, bool and character specifiers:
+  dec = 3,  // 'd'
+  hex,      // 'x' or 'X'
+  oct,      // 'o'
+  bin,      // 'b' or 'B'
+  chr,      // 'c'
+
+  // String and pointer specifiers:
+  pointer = 3,  // 'p'
+
+  // Floating-point specifiers:
+  exp = 1,  // 'e' or 'E' (1 since there is no FP debug presentation)
+  fixed,    // 'f' or 'F'
+  general,  // 'g' or 'G'
+  hexfloat  // 'a' or 'A'
+};
+
+// Format specifiers for built-in and string types.
+struct format_specs {
+  int width;
+  int precision;
+  presentation_type type;
+  align_t align : 4;
+  sign_t sign : 3;
+  bool upper : 1;  // An uppercase version e.g. 'X' for 'x'.
+  bool alt : 1;    // Alternate form ('#').
+  bool localized : 1;
+  detail::fill_t fill;
+
+  constexpr format_specs()
+      : width(0),
+        precision(-1),
+        type(presentation_type::none),
+        align(align::none),
+        sign(sign::none),
+        upper(false),
+        alt(false),
+        localized(false) {}
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+enum class arg_id_kind { none, index, name };
+
+// An argument reference.
+template <typename Char> struct arg_ref {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR arg_ref() : kind(arg_id_kind::none), val() {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit arg_ref(int index)
+      : kind(arg_id_kind::index), val(index) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit arg_ref(basic_string_view<Char> name)
+      : kind(arg_id_kind::name), val(name) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator=(int idx) -> arg_ref& {
+    kind = arg_id_kind::index;
+    val.index = idx;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  arg_id_kind kind;
+  union value {
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR value(int idx = 0) : index(idx) {}
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR value(basic_string_view<Char> n) : name(n) {}
+
+    int index;
+    basic_string_view<Char> name;
+  } val;
+};
+
+// Format specifiers with width and precision resolved at formatting rather
+// than parsing time to allow reusing the same parsed specifiers with
+// different sets of arguments (precompilation of format strings).
+template <typename Char = char> struct dynamic_format_specs : format_specs {
+  arg_ref<Char> width_ref;
+  arg_ref<Char> precision_ref;
+};
+
+// Converts a character to ASCII. Returns '\0' on conversion failure.
+template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<Char>::value)>
+constexpr auto to_ascii(Char c) -> char {
+  return c <= 0xff ? static_cast<char>(c) : '\0';
+}
+
+// Returns the number of code units in a code point or 1 on error.
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto code_point_length(const Char* begin) -> int {
+  if (const_check(sizeof(Char) != 1)) return 1;
+  auto c = static_cast<unsigned char>(*begin);
+  return static_cast<int>((0x3a55000000000000ull >> (2 * (c >> 3))) & 0x3) + 1;
+}
+
+// Return the result via the out param to workaround gcc bug 77539.
+template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename T, typename Ptr = const T*>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto find(Ptr first, Ptr last, T value, Ptr& out) -> bool {
+  for (out = first; out != last; ++out) {
+    if (*out == value) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+template <>
+inline auto find<false, char>(const char* first, const char* last, char value,
+                              const char*& out) -> bool {
+  out =
+      static_cast<const char*>(memchr(first, value, to_unsigned(last - first)));
+  return out != nullptr;
+}
+
+// Parses the range [begin, end) as an unsigned integer. This function assumes
+// that the range is non-empty and the first character is a digit.
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_nonnegative_int(const Char*& begin, const Char* end,
+                                         int error_value) noexcept -> int {
+  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end && '0' <= *begin && *begin <= '9', "");
+  unsigned value = 0, prev = 0;
+  auto p = begin;
+  do {
+    prev = value;
+    value = value * 10 + unsigned(*p - '0');
+    ++p;
+  } while (p != end && '0' <= *p && *p <= '9');
+  auto num_digits = p - begin;
+  begin = p;
+  int digits10 = static_cast<int>(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT * 3 / 10);
+  if (num_digits <= digits10) return static_cast<int>(value);
+  // Check for overflow.
+  unsigned max = INT_MAX;
+  return num_digits == digits10 + 1 &&
+                 prev * 10ull + unsigned(p[-1] - '0') <= max
+             ? static_cast<int>(value)
+             : error_value;
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto parse_align(char c) -> align_t {
+  switch (c) {
+  case '<':
+    return align::left;
+  case '>':
+    return align::right;
+  case '^':
+    return align::center;
+  }
+  return align::none;
+}
+
+template <typename Char> constexpr auto is_name_start(Char c) -> bool {
+  return ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') || ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || c == '_';
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                   Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
+  Char c = *begin;
+  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+    int index = 0;
+    if (c != '0')
+      index = parse_nonnegative_int(begin, end, INT_MAX);
+    else
+      ++begin;
+    if (begin == end || (*begin != '}' && *begin != ':'))
+      report_error("invalid format string");
+    else
+      handler.on_index(index);
+    return begin;
+  }
+  if (!is_name_start(c)) {
+    report_error("invalid format string");
+    return begin;
+  }
+  auto it = begin;
+  do {
+    ++it;
+  } while (it != end && (is_name_start(*it) || ('0' <= *it && *it <= '9')));
+  handler.on_name({begin, to_unsigned(it - begin)});
+  return it;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
+  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
+  Char c = *begin;
+  if (c != '}' && c != ':') return do_parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
+  handler.on_auto();
+  return begin;
+}
+
+template <typename Char> struct dynamic_spec_id_handler {
+  basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx;
+  arg_ref<Char>& ref;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_auto() {
+    int id = ctx.next_arg_id();
+    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
+    ctx.check_dynamic_spec(id);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_index(int id) {
+    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
+    ctx.check_arg_id(id);
+    ctx.check_dynamic_spec(id);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) {
+    ref = arg_ref<Char>(id);
+    ctx.check_arg_id(id);
+  }
+};
+
+// Parses [integer | "{" [arg_id] "}"].
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_dynamic_spec(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                      int& value, arg_ref<Char>& ref,
+                                      basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+    -> const Char* {
+  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
+  if ('0' <= *begin && *begin <= '9') {
+    int val = parse_nonnegative_int(begin, end, -1);
+    if (val != -1)
+      value = val;
+    else
+      report_error("number is too big");
+  } else if (*begin == '{') {
+    ++begin;
+    auto handler = dynamic_spec_id_handler<Char>{ctx, ref};
+    if (begin != end) begin = parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
+    if (begin != end && *begin == '}') return ++begin;
+    report_error("invalid format string");
+  }
+  return begin;
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_precision(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                   int& value, arg_ref<Char>& ref,
+                                   basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+    -> const Char* {
+  ++begin;
+  if (begin == end || *begin == '}') {
+    report_error("invalid precision");
+    return begin;
+  }
+  return parse_dynamic_spec(begin, end, value, ref, ctx);
+}
+
+enum class state { start, align, sign, hash, zero, width, precision, locale };
+
+// Parses standard format specifiers.
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_format_specs(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                      dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs,
+                                      basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx,
+                                      type arg_type) -> const Char* {
+  auto c = '\0';
+  if (end - begin > 1) {
+    auto next = to_ascii(begin[1]);
+    c = parse_align(next) == align::none ? to_ascii(*begin) : '\0';
+  } else {
+    if (begin == end) return begin;
+    c = to_ascii(*begin);
+  }
+
+  struct {
+    state current_state = state::start;
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(state s, bool valid = true) {
+      if (current_state >= s || !valid)
+        report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      current_state = s;
+    }
+  } enter_state;
+
+  using pres = presentation_type;
+  constexpr auto integral_set = sint_set | uint_set | bool_set | char_set;
+  struct {
+    const Char*& begin;
+    dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs;
+    type arg_type;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(pres pres_type, int set) -> const Char* {
+      if (!in(arg_type, set)) {
+        if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+        report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      }
+      specs.type = pres_type;
+      return begin + 1;
+    }
+  } parse_presentation_type{begin, specs, arg_type};
+
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (c) {
+    case '<':
+    case '>':
+    case '^':
+      enter_state(state::align);
+      specs.align = parse_align(c);
+      ++begin;
+      break;
+    case '+':
+    case '-':
+    case ' ':
+      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+      enter_state(state::sign, in(arg_type, sint_set | float_set));
+      switch (c) {
+      case '+':
+        specs.sign = sign::plus;
+        break;
+      case '-':
+        specs.sign = sign::minus;
+        break;
+      case ' ':
+        specs.sign = sign::space;
+        break;
+      }
+      ++begin;
+      break;
+    case '#':
+      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+      enter_state(state::hash, is_arithmetic_type(arg_type));
+      specs.alt = true;
+      ++begin;
+      break;
+    case '0':
+      enter_state(state::zero);
+      if (!is_arithmetic_type(arg_type)) {
+        if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+        report_error("format specifier requires numeric argument");
+      }
+      if (specs.align == align::none) {
+        // Ignore 0 if align is specified for compatibility with std::format.
+        specs.align = align::numeric;
+        specs.fill = '0';
+      }
+      ++begin;
+      break;
+    case '1':
+    case '2':
+    case '3':
+    case '4':
+    case '5':
+    case '6':
+    case '7':
+    case '8':
+    case '9':
+    case '{':
+      enter_state(state::width);
+      begin = parse_dynamic_spec(begin, end, specs.width, specs.width_ref, ctx);
+      break;
+    case '.':
+      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+      enter_state(state::precision,
+                  in(arg_type, float_set | string_set | cstring_set));
+      begin = parse_precision(begin, end, specs.precision, specs.precision_ref,
+                              ctx);
+      break;
+    case 'L':
+      if (arg_type == type::none_type) return begin;
+      enter_state(state::locale, is_arithmetic_type(arg_type));
+      specs.localized = true;
+      ++begin;
+      break;
+    case 'd':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::dec, integral_set);
+    case 'X':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'x':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hex, integral_set);
+    case 'o':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::oct, integral_set);
+    case 'B':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'b':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::bin, integral_set);
+    case 'E':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'e':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::exp, float_set);
+    case 'F':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'f':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::fixed, float_set);
+    case 'G':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'g':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::general, float_set);
+    case 'A':
+      specs.upper = true;
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 'a':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::hexfloat, float_set);
+    case 'c':
+      if (arg_type == type::bool_type) report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::chr, integral_set);
+    case 's':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::string,
+                                     bool_set | string_set | cstring_set);
+    case 'p':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::pointer, pointer_set | cstring_set);
+    case '?':
+      return parse_presentation_type(pres::debug,
+                                     char_set | string_set | cstring_set);
+    case '}':
+      return begin;
+    default: {
+      if (*begin == '}') return begin;
+      // Parse fill and alignment.
+      auto fill_end = begin + code_point_length(begin);
+      if (end - fill_end <= 0) {
+        report_error("invalid format specifier");
+        return begin;
+      }
+      if (*begin == '{') {
+        report_error("invalid fill character '{'");
+        return begin;
+      }
+      auto align = parse_align(to_ascii(*fill_end));
+      enter_state(state::align, align != align::none);
+      specs.fill =
+          basic_string_view<Char>(begin, to_unsigned(fill_end - begin));
+      specs.align = align;
+      begin = fill_end + 1;
+    }
+    }
+    if (begin == end) return begin;
+    c = to_ascii(*begin);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_replacement_field(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                           Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
+  struct id_adapter {
+    Handler& handler;
+    int arg_id;
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_auto() { arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(); }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_index(int id) { arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(id); }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) {
+      arg_id = handler.on_arg_id(id);
+    }
+  };
+
+  ++begin;
+  if (begin == end) return handler.on_error("invalid format string"), end;
+  if (*begin == '}') {
+    handler.on_replacement_field(handler.on_arg_id(), begin);
+  } else if (*begin == '{') {
+    handler.on_text(begin, begin + 1);
+  } else {
+    auto adapter = id_adapter{handler, 0};
+    begin = parse_arg_id(begin, end, adapter);
+    Char c = begin != end ? *begin : Char();
+    if (c == '}') {
+      handler.on_replacement_field(adapter.arg_id, begin);
+    } else if (c == ':') {
+      begin = handler.on_format_specs(adapter.arg_id, begin + 1, end);
+      if (begin == end || *begin != '}')
+        return handler.on_error("unknown format specifier"), end;
+    } else {
+      return handler.on_error("missing '}' in format string"), end;
+    }
+  }
+  return begin + 1;
+}
+
+template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void parse_format_string(basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+                                       Handler&& handler) {
+  auto begin = format_str.data();
+  auto end = begin + format_str.size();
+  if (end - begin < 32) {
+    // Use a simple loop instead of memchr for small strings.
+    const Char* p = begin;
+    while (p != end) {
+      auto c = *p++;
+      if (c == '{') {
+        handler.on_text(begin, p - 1);
+        begin = p = parse_replacement_field(p - 1, end, handler);
+      } else if (c == '}') {
+        if (p == end || *p != '}')
+          return handler.on_error("unmatched '}' in format string");
+        handler.on_text(begin, p);
+        begin = ++p;
+      }
+    }
+    handler.on_text(begin, end);
+    return;
+  }
+  struct writer {
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(const Char* from, const Char* to) {
+      if (from == to) return;
+      for (;;) {
+        const Char* p = nullptr;
+        if (!find<IS_CONSTEXPR>(from, to, Char('}'), p))
+          return handler_.on_text(from, to);
+        ++p;
+        if (p == to || *p != '}')
+          return handler_.on_error("unmatched '}' in format string");
+        handler_.on_text(from, p);
+        from = p + 1;
+      }
+    }
+    Handler& handler_;
+  } write = {handler};
+  while (begin != end) {
+    // Doing two passes with memchr (one for '{' and another for '}') is up to
+    // 2.5x faster than the naive one-pass implementation on big format strings.
+    const Char* p = begin;
+    if (*begin != '{' && !find<IS_CONSTEXPR>(begin + 1, end, Char('{'), p))
+      return write(begin, end);
+    write(begin, p);
+    begin = parse_replacement_field(p, end, handler);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, bool = is_named_arg<T>::value> struct strip_named_arg {
+  using type = T;
+};
+template <typename T> struct strip_named_arg<T, true> {
+  using type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(T::value)>;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename ParseContext>
+FMT_VISIBILITY("hidden")  // Suppress an ld warning on macOS (#3769).
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_format_specs(ParseContext& ctx)
+    -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+  using char_type = typename ParseContext::char_type;
+  using context = buffered_context<char_type>;
+  using mapped_type = conditional_t<
+      mapped_type_constant<T, context>::value != type::custom_type,
+      decltype(arg_mapper<context>().map(std::declval<const T&>())),
+      typename strip_named_arg<T>::type>;
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr)
+  if constexpr (std::is_default_constructible<
+                    formatter<mapped_type, char_type>>::value) {
+    return formatter<mapped_type, char_type>().parse(ctx);
+  } else {
+    type_is_unformattable_for<T, char_type> _;
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+#else
+  return formatter<mapped_type, char_type>().parse(ctx);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Checks char specs and returns true iff the presentation type is char-like.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto check_char_specs(const format_specs& specs) -> bool {
+  if (specs.type != presentation_type::none &&
+      specs.type != presentation_type::chr &&
+      specs.type != presentation_type::debug) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (specs.align == align::numeric || specs.sign != sign::none || specs.alt)
+    report_error("invalid format specifier for char");
+  return true;
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+template <int N, typename T, typename... Args, typename Char>
+constexpr auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
+  if constexpr (is_statically_named_arg<T>()) {
+    if (name == T::name) return N;
+  }
+  if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
+    return get_arg_index_by_name<N + 1, Args...>(name);
+  (void)name;  // Workaround an MSVC bug about "unused" parameter.
+  return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
+template <typename... Args, typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+  if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
+    return get_arg_index_by_name<0, Args...>(name);
+#endif
+  (void)name;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename... Args> class format_string_checker {
+ private:
+  using parse_context_type = compile_parse_context<Char>;
+  static constexpr int num_args = sizeof...(Args);
+
+  // Format specifier parsing function.
+  // In the future basic_format_parse_context will replace compile_parse_context
+  // here and will use is_constant_evaluated and downcasting to access the data
+  // needed for compile-time checks: https://godbolt.org/z/GvWzcTjh1.
+  using parse_func = const Char* (*)(parse_context_type&);
+
+  type types_[num_args > 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(num_args) : 1];
+  parse_context_type context_;
+  parse_func parse_funcs_[num_args > 0 ? static_cast<size_t>(num_args) : 1];
+
+ public:
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR format_string_checker(basic_string_view<Char> fmt)
+      : types_{mapped_type_constant<Args, buffered_context<Char>>::value...},
+        context_(fmt, num_args, types_),
+        parse_funcs_{&parse_format_specs<Args, parse_context_type>...} {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char*, const Char*) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id() -> int { return context_.next_arg_id(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(int id) -> int {
+    return context_.check_arg_id(id), id;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> id) -> int {
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+    auto index = get_arg_index_by_name<Args...>(id);
+    if (index < 0) on_error("named argument is not found");
+    return index;
+#else
+    (void)id;
+    on_error("compile-time checks for named arguments require C++20 support");
+    return 0;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_replacement_field(int id, const Char* begin) {
+    on_format_specs(id, begin, begin);  // Call parse() on empty specs.
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_format_specs(int id, const Char* begin, const Char*)
+      -> const Char* {
+    context_.advance_to(begin);
+    // id >= 0 check is a workaround for gcc 10 bug (#2065).
+    return id >= 0 && id < num_args ? parse_funcs_[id](context_) : begin;
+  }
+
+  FMT_NORETURN FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_error(const char* message) {
+    report_error(message);
+  }
+};
+
+// A base class for compile-time strings.
+struct compile_string {};
+
+template <typename S>
+using is_compile_string = std::is_base_of<compile_string, S>;
+
+// Reports a compile-time error if S is not a valid format string.
+template <typename..., typename S, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_compile_string<S>::value)>
+FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE void check_format_string(const S&) {
+#ifdef FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING
+  static_assert(is_compile_string<S>::value,
+                "FMT_ENFORCE_COMPILE_STRING requires all format strings to use "
+                "FMT_STRING.");
+#endif
+}
+template <typename... Args, typename S,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_compile_string<S>::value)>
+void check_format_string(S format_str) {
+  using char_t = typename S::char_type;
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto s = basic_string_view<char_t>(format_str);
+  using checker = format_string_checker<char_t, remove_cvref_t<Args>...>;
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR bool error = (parse_format_string<true>(s, checker(s)), true);
+  ignore_unused(error);
+}
+
+// Report truncation to prevent silent data loss.
+inline void report_truncation(bool truncated) {
+  if (truncated) report_error("output is truncated");
+}
+
+// Use vformat_args and avoid type_identity to keep symbols short and workaround
+// a GCC <= 4.8 bug.
+template <typename Char = char> struct vformat_args {
+  using type = basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>;
+};
+template <> struct vformat_args<char> {
+  using type = format_args;
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+                typename vformat_args<Char>::type args, locale_ref loc = {});
+
+FMT_API void vprint_mojibake(FILE*, string_view, format_args, bool = false);
+#ifndef _WIN32
+inline void vprint_mojibake(FILE*, string_view, format_args, bool) {}
+#endif
+
+template <typename T, typename Char, type TYPE> struct native_formatter {
+ private:
+  dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
+
+ public:
+  using nonlocking = void;
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const Char* {
+    if (ctx.begin() == ctx.end() || *ctx.begin() == '}') return ctx.begin();
+    auto end = parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx, TYPE);
+    if (const_check(TYPE == type::char_type)) check_char_specs(specs_);
+    return end;
+  }
+
+  template <type U = TYPE,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(U == type::string_type || U == type::cstring_type ||
+                          U == type::char_type)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_debug_format(bool set = true) {
+    specs_.type = set ? presentation_type::debug : presentation_type::none;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const T& val, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out());
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+// A formatter specialization for natively supported types.
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<T, Char,
+                 enable_if_t<detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value !=
+                             detail::type::custom_type>>
+    : detail::native_formatter<T, Char, detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value> {
+};
+
+template <typename Char = char> struct runtime_format_string {
+  basic_string_view<Char> str;
+};
+
+/// A compile-time format string.
+template <typename Char, typename... Args> class basic_format_string {
+ private:
+  basic_string_view<Char> str_;
+
+ public:
+  template <
+      typename S,
+      FMT_ENABLE_IF(
+          std::is_convertible<const S&, basic_string_view<Char>>::value ||
+          (detail::is_compile_string<S>::value &&
+           std::is_constructible<basic_string_view<Char>, const S&>::value))>
+  FMT_CONSTEVAL FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE basic_format_string(const S& s) : str_(s) {
+    static_assert(
+        detail::count<
+            (std::is_base_of<detail::view, remove_reference_t<Args>>::value &&
+             std::is_reference<Args>::value)...>() == 0,
+        "passing views as lvalues is disallowed");
+#if FMT_USE_CONSTEVAL
+    if constexpr (detail::count_named_args<Args...>() ==
+                  detail::count_statically_named_args<Args...>()) {
+      using checker =
+          detail::format_string_checker<Char, remove_cvref_t<Args>...>;
+      detail::parse_format_string<true>(str_, checker(s));
+    }
+#else
+    detail::check_format_string<Args...>(s);
+#endif
+  }
+  basic_format_string(runtime_format_string<Char> fmt) : str_(fmt.str) {}
+
+  FMT_ALWAYS_INLINE operator basic_string_view<Char>() const { return str_; }
+  auto get() const -> basic_string_view<Char> { return str_; }
+};
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
+// Workaround broken conversion on older gcc.
+template <typename...> using format_string = string_view;
+inline auto runtime(string_view s) -> string_view { return s; }
+#else
+template <typename... Args>
+using format_string = basic_format_string<char, type_identity_t<Args>...>;
+/**
+ * Creates a runtime format string.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     // Check format string at runtime instead of compile-time.
+ *     fmt::print(fmt::runtime("{:d}"), "I am not a number");
+ */
+inline auto runtime(string_view s) -> runtime_format_string<> { return {{s}}; }
+#endif
+
+/// Formats a string and writes the output to `out`.
+template <typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<remove_cvref_t<OutputIt>,
+                                                   char>::value)>
+auto vformat_to(OutputIt&& out, string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> remove_cvref_t<OutputIt> {
+  auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<char>(out);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, {});
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt`, writes the result to
+ * the output iterator `out` and returns the iterator past the end of the output
+ * range. `format_to` does not append a terminating null character.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto out = std::vector<char>();
+ *     fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "{}", 42);
+ */
+template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<remove_cvref_t<OutputIt>,
+                                                   char>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE auto format_to(OutputIt&& out, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> remove_cvref_t<OutputIt> {
+  return vformat_to(FMT_FWD(out), fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt> struct format_to_n_result {
+  /// Iterator past the end of the output range.
+  OutputIt out;
+  /// Total (not truncated) output size.
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
+auto vformat_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
+  using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
+  auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, char, traits>(out, n);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, {});
+  return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt`, writes up to `n`
+ * characters of the result to the output iterator `out` and returns the total
+ * (not truncated) output size and the iterator past the end of the output
+ * range. `format_to_n` does not append a terminating null character.
+ */
+template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, format_string<T...> fmt,
+                            T&&... args) -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
+  return vformat_to_n(out, n, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Sentinel = OutputIt>
+struct format_to_result {
+  /// Iterator pointing to just after the last successful write in the range.
+  OutputIt out;
+  /// Specifies if the output was truncated.
+  bool truncated;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR operator OutputIt&() & {
+    detail::report_truncation(truncated);
+    return out;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR operator const OutputIt&() const& {
+    detail::report_truncation(truncated);
+    return out;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR operator OutputIt&&() && {
+    detail::report_truncation(truncated);
+    return static_cast<OutputIt&&>(out);
+  }
+};
+
+template <size_t N>
+auto vformat_to(char (&out)[N], string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> format_to_result<char*> {
+  auto result = vformat_to_n(out, N, fmt, args);
+  return {result.out, result.size > N};
+}
+
+template <size_t N, typename... T>
+FMT_INLINE auto format_to(char (&out)[N], format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> format_to_result<char*> {
+  auto result = fmt::format_to_n(out, N, fmt, static_cast<T&&>(args)...);
+  return {result.out, result.size > N};
+}
+
+/// Returns the number of chars in the output of `format(fmt, args...)`.
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto formatted_size(format_string<T...> fmt,
+                                             T&&... args) -> size_t {
+  auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<>();
+  detail::vformat_to<char>(buf, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...), {});
+  return buf.count();
+}
+
+FMT_API void vprint(string_view fmt, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprint(FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprint_buffered(FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args);
+FMT_API void vprintln(FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args);
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
+ * to `stdout`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("The answer is {}.", 42);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_INLINE void print(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
+  if (!detail::use_utf8()) return detail::vprint_mojibake(stdout, fmt, vargs);
+  return detail::is_locking<T...>() ? vprint_buffered(stdout, fmt, vargs)
+                                    : vprint(fmt, vargs);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the
+ * output to the file `f`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print(stderr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_INLINE void print(FILE* f, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
+  if (!detail::use_utf8()) return detail::vprint_mojibake(f, fmt, vargs);
+  return detail::is_locking<T...>() ? vprint_buffered(f, fmt, vargs)
+                                    : vprint(f, fmt, vargs);
+}
+
+/// Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
+/// to the file `f` followed by a newline.
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_INLINE void println(FILE* f, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
+  return detail::use_utf8() ? vprintln(f, fmt, vargs)
+                            : detail::vprint_mojibake(f, fmt, vargs, true);
+}
+
+/// Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
+/// to `stdout` followed by a newline.
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_INLINE void println(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return fmt::println(stdout, fmt, static_cast<T&&>(args)...);
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_GCC_PRAGMA("GCC pop_options")
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#  include "format.h"
+#endif
+#endif  // FMT_BASE_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/chrono.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/chrono.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c93123f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/chrono.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2432 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - chrono support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_CHRONO_H_
+#define FMT_CHRONO_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <algorithm>
+#  include <chrono>
+#  include <cmath>    // std::isfinite
+#  include <cstring>  // std::memcpy
+#  include <ctime>
+#  include <iterator>
+#  include <locale>
+#  include <ostream>
+#  include <type_traits>
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+// Check if std::chrono::local_t is available.
+#ifndef FMT_USE_LOCAL_TIME
+#  ifdef __cpp_lib_chrono
+#    define FMT_USE_LOCAL_TIME (__cpp_lib_chrono >= 201907L)
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_LOCAL_TIME 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Check if std::chrono::utc_timestamp is available.
+#ifndef FMT_USE_UTC_TIME
+#  ifdef __cpp_lib_chrono
+#    define FMT_USE_UTC_TIME (__cpp_lib_chrono >= 201907L)
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_UTC_TIME 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Enable tzset.
+#ifndef FMT_USE_TZSET
+// UWP doesn't provide _tzset.
+#  if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("winapifamily.h")
+#    include <winapifamily.h>
+#  endif
+#  if defined(_WIN32) && (!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || \
+                          (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
+#    define FMT_USE_TZSET 1
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_TZSET 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Enable safe chrono durations, unless explicitly disabled.
+#ifndef FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST
+#  define FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST 1
+#endif
+#if FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST
+
+// For conversion between std::chrono::durations without undefined
+// behaviour or erroneous results.
+// This is a stripped down version of duration_cast, for inclusion in fmt.
+// See https://github.com/pauldreik/safe_duration_cast
+//
+// Copyright Paul Dreik 2019
+namespace safe_duration_cast {
+
+template <typename To, typename From,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<From, To>::value &&
+                        std::numeric_limits<From>::is_signed ==
+                            std::numeric_limits<To>::is_signed)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto lossless_integral_conversion(const From from, int& ec)
+    -> To {
+  ec = 0;
+  using F = std::numeric_limits<From>;
+  using T = std::numeric_limits<To>;
+  static_assert(F::is_integer, "From must be integral");
+  static_assert(T::is_integer, "To must be integral");
+
+  // A and B are both signed, or both unsigned.
+  if (detail::const_check(F::digits <= T::digits)) {
+    // From fits in To without any problem.
+  } else {
+    // From does not always fit in To, resort to a dynamic check.
+    if (from < (T::min)() || from > (T::max)()) {
+      // outside range.
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+  }
+  return static_cast<To>(from);
+}
+
+/// Converts From to To, without loss. If the dynamic value of from
+/// can't be converted to To without loss, ec is set.
+template <typename To, typename From,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<From, To>::value &&
+                        std::numeric_limits<From>::is_signed !=
+                            std::numeric_limits<To>::is_signed)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto lossless_integral_conversion(const From from, int& ec)
+    -> To {
+  ec = 0;
+  using F = std::numeric_limits<From>;
+  using T = std::numeric_limits<To>;
+  static_assert(F::is_integer, "From must be integral");
+  static_assert(T::is_integer, "To must be integral");
+
+  if (detail::const_check(F::is_signed && !T::is_signed)) {
+    // From may be negative, not allowed!
+    if (fmt::detail::is_negative(from)) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+    // From is positive. Can it always fit in To?
+    if (detail::const_check(F::digits > T::digits) &&
+        from > static_cast<From>(detail::max_value<To>())) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (detail::const_check(!F::is_signed && T::is_signed &&
+                          F::digits >= T::digits) &&
+      from > static_cast<From>(detail::max_value<To>())) {
+    ec = 1;
+    return {};
+  }
+  return static_cast<To>(from);  // Lossless conversion.
+}
+
+template <typename To, typename From,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<From, To>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto lossless_integral_conversion(const From from, int& ec)
+    -> To {
+  ec = 0;
+  return from;
+}  // function
+
+// clang-format off
+/**
+ * converts From to To if possible, otherwise ec is set.
+ *
+ * input                            |    output
+ * ---------------------------------|---------------
+ * NaN                              | NaN
+ * Inf                              | Inf
+ * normal, fits in output           | converted (possibly lossy)
+ * normal, does not fit in output   | ec is set
+ * subnormal                        | best effort
+ * -Inf                             | -Inf
+ */
+// clang-format on
+template <typename To, typename From,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<From, To>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto safe_float_conversion(const From from, int& ec) -> To {
+  ec = 0;
+  using T = std::numeric_limits<To>;
+  static_assert(std::is_floating_point<From>::value, "From must be floating");
+  static_assert(std::is_floating_point<To>::value, "To must be floating");
+
+  // catch the only happy case
+  if (std::isfinite(from)) {
+    if (from >= T::lowest() && from <= (T::max)()) {
+      return static_cast<To>(from);
+    }
+    // not within range.
+    ec = 1;
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  // nan and inf will be preserved
+  return static_cast<To>(from);
+}  // function
+
+template <typename To, typename From,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<From, To>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto safe_float_conversion(const From from, int& ec) -> To {
+  ec = 0;
+  static_assert(std::is_floating_point<From>::value, "From must be floating");
+  return from;
+}
+
+/// Safe duration cast between integral durations
+template <typename To, typename FromRep, typename FromPeriod,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<FromRep>::value),
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<typename To::rep>::value)>
+auto safe_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from,
+                        int& ec) -> To {
+  using From = std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod>;
+  ec = 0;
+  // the basic idea is that we need to convert from count() in the from type
+  // to count() in the To type, by multiplying it with this:
+  struct Factor
+      : std::ratio_divide<typename From::period, typename To::period> {};
+
+  static_assert(Factor::num > 0, "num must be positive");
+  static_assert(Factor::den > 0, "den must be positive");
+
+  // the conversion is like this: multiply from.count() with Factor::num
+  // /Factor::den and convert it to To::rep, all this without
+  // overflow/underflow. let's start by finding a suitable type that can hold
+  // both To, From and Factor::num
+  using IntermediateRep =
+      typename std::common_type<typename From::rep, typename To::rep,
+                                decltype(Factor::num)>::type;
+
+  // safe conversion to IntermediateRep
+  IntermediateRep count =
+      lossless_integral_conversion<IntermediateRep>(from.count(), ec);
+  if (ec) return {};
+  // multiply with Factor::num without overflow or underflow
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::num != 1)) {
+    const auto max1 = detail::max_value<IntermediateRep>() / Factor::num;
+    if (count > max1) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+    const auto min1 =
+        (std::numeric_limits<IntermediateRep>::min)() / Factor::num;
+    if (detail::const_check(!std::is_unsigned<IntermediateRep>::value) &&
+        count < min1) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+    count *= Factor::num;
+  }
+
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::den != 1)) count /= Factor::den;
+  auto tocount = lossless_integral_conversion<typename To::rep>(count, ec);
+  return ec ? To() : To(tocount);
+}
+
+/// Safe duration_cast between floating point durations
+template <typename To, typename FromRep, typename FromPeriod,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<FromRep>::value),
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<typename To::rep>::value)>
+auto safe_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from,
+                        int& ec) -> To {
+  using From = std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod>;
+  ec = 0;
+  if (std::isnan(from.count())) {
+    // nan in, gives nan out. easy.
+    return To{std::numeric_limits<typename To::rep>::quiet_NaN()};
+  }
+  // maybe we should also check if from is denormal, and decide what to do about
+  // it.
+
+  // +-inf should be preserved.
+  if (std::isinf(from.count())) {
+    return To{from.count()};
+  }
+
+  // the basic idea is that we need to convert from count() in the from type
+  // to count() in the To type, by multiplying it with this:
+  struct Factor
+      : std::ratio_divide<typename From::period, typename To::period> {};
+
+  static_assert(Factor::num > 0, "num must be positive");
+  static_assert(Factor::den > 0, "den must be positive");
+
+  // the conversion is like this: multiply from.count() with Factor::num
+  // /Factor::den and convert it to To::rep, all this without
+  // overflow/underflow. let's start by finding a suitable type that can hold
+  // both To, From and Factor::num
+  using IntermediateRep =
+      typename std::common_type<typename From::rep, typename To::rep,
+                                decltype(Factor::num)>::type;
+
+  // force conversion of From::rep -> IntermediateRep to be safe,
+  // even if it will never happen be narrowing in this context.
+  IntermediateRep count =
+      safe_float_conversion<IntermediateRep>(from.count(), ec);
+  if (ec) {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  // multiply with Factor::num without overflow or underflow
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::num != 1)) {
+    constexpr auto max1 = detail::max_value<IntermediateRep>() /
+                          static_cast<IntermediateRep>(Factor::num);
+    if (count > max1) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+    constexpr auto min1 = std::numeric_limits<IntermediateRep>::lowest() /
+                          static_cast<IntermediateRep>(Factor::num);
+    if (count < min1) {
+      ec = 1;
+      return {};
+    }
+    count *= static_cast<IntermediateRep>(Factor::num);
+  }
+
+  // this can't go wrong, right? den>0 is checked earlier.
+  if (detail::const_check(Factor::den != 1)) {
+    using common_t = typename std::common_type<IntermediateRep, intmax_t>::type;
+    count /= static_cast<common_t>(Factor::den);
+  }
+
+  // convert to the to type, safely
+  using ToRep = typename To::rep;
+
+  const ToRep tocount = safe_float_conversion<ToRep>(count, ec);
+  if (ec) {
+    return {};
+  }
+  return To{tocount};
+}
+}  // namespace safe_duration_cast
+#endif
+
+// Prevents expansion of a preceding token as a function-style macro.
+// Usage: f FMT_NOMACRO()
+#define FMT_NOMACRO
+
+namespace detail {
+template <typename T = void> struct null {};
+inline auto localtime_r FMT_NOMACRO(...) -> null<> { return null<>(); }
+inline auto localtime_s(...) -> null<> { return null<>(); }
+inline auto gmtime_r(...) -> null<> { return null<>(); }
+inline auto gmtime_s(...) -> null<> { return null<>(); }
+
+// It is defined here and not in ostream.h because the latter has expensive
+// includes.
+template <typename Streambuf> class formatbuf : public Streambuf {
+ private:
+  using char_type = typename Streambuf::char_type;
+  using streamsize = decltype(std::declval<Streambuf>().sputn(nullptr, 0));
+  using int_type = typename Streambuf::int_type;
+  using traits_type = typename Streambuf::traits_type;
+
+  buffer<char_type>& buffer_;
+
+ public:
+  explicit formatbuf(buffer<char_type>& buf) : buffer_(buf) {}
+
+ protected:
+  // The put area is always empty. This makes the implementation simpler and has
+  // the advantage that the streambuf and the buffer are always in sync and
+  // sputc never writes into uninitialized memory. A disadvantage is that each
+  // call to sputc always results in a (virtual) call to overflow. There is no
+  // disadvantage here for sputn since this always results in a call to xsputn.
+
+  auto overflow(int_type ch) -> int_type override {
+    if (!traits_type::eq_int_type(ch, traits_type::eof()))
+      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<char_type>(ch));
+    return ch;
+  }
+
+  auto xsputn(const char_type* s, streamsize count) -> streamsize override {
+    buffer_.append(s, s + count);
+    return count;
+  }
+};
+
+inline auto get_classic_locale() -> const std::locale& {
+  static const auto& locale = std::locale::classic();
+  return locale;
+}
+
+template <typename CodeUnit> struct codecvt_result {
+  static constexpr const size_t max_size = 32;
+  CodeUnit buf[max_size];
+  CodeUnit* end;
+};
+
+template <typename CodeUnit>
+void write_codecvt(codecvt_result<CodeUnit>& out, string_view in_buf,
+                   const std::locale& loc) {
+#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#  pragma clang diagnostic push
+#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated"
+  auto& f = std::use_facet<std::codecvt<CodeUnit, char, std::mbstate_t>>(loc);
+#  pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#else
+  auto& f = std::use_facet<std::codecvt<CodeUnit, char, std::mbstate_t>>(loc);
+#endif
+  auto mb = std::mbstate_t();
+  const char* from_next = nullptr;
+  auto result = f.in(mb, in_buf.begin(), in_buf.end(), from_next,
+                     std::begin(out.buf), std::end(out.buf), out.end);
+  if (result != std::codecvt_base::ok)
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("failed to format time"));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt>
+auto write_encoded_tm_str(OutputIt out, string_view in, const std::locale& loc)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  if (detail::use_utf8() && loc != get_classic_locale()) {
+    // char16_t and char32_t codecvts are broken in MSVC (linkage errors) and
+    // gcc-4.
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION != 0 ||  \
+    (defined(__GLIBCXX__) && \
+     (!defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI) || _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI == 0))
+    // The _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI macro is always defined in libstdc++ from gcc-5
+    // and newer.
+    using code_unit = wchar_t;
+#else
+    using code_unit = char32_t;
+#endif
+
+    using unit_t = codecvt_result<code_unit>;
+    unit_t unit;
+    write_codecvt(unit, in, loc);
+    // In UTF-8 is used one to four one-byte code units.
+    auto u =
+        to_utf8<code_unit, basic_memory_buffer<char, unit_t::max_size * 4>>();
+    if (!u.convert({unit.buf, to_unsigned(unit.end - unit.buf)}))
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("failed to format time"));
+    return copy<char>(u.c_str(), u.c_str() + u.size(), out);
+  }
+  return copy<char>(in.data(), in.data() + in.size(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+auto write_tm_str(OutputIt out, string_view sv, const std::locale& loc)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  codecvt_result<Char> unit;
+  write_codecvt(unit, sv, loc);
+  return copy<Char>(unit.buf, unit.end, out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+auto write_tm_str(OutputIt out, string_view sv, const std::locale& loc)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  return write_encoded_tm_str(out, sv, loc);
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+inline void do_write(buffer<Char>& buf, const std::tm& time,
+                     const std::locale& loc, char format, char modifier) {
+  auto&& format_buf = formatbuf<std::basic_streambuf<Char>>(buf);
+  auto&& os = std::basic_ostream<Char>(&format_buf);
+  os.imbue(loc);
+  const auto& facet = std::use_facet<std::time_put<Char>>(loc);
+  auto end = facet.put(os, os, Char(' '), &time, format, modifier);
+  if (end.failed()) FMT_THROW(format_error("failed to format time"));
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+auto write(OutputIt out, const std::tm& time, const std::locale& loc,
+           char format, char modifier = 0) -> OutputIt {
+  auto&& buf = get_buffer<Char>(out);
+  do_write<Char>(buf, time, loc, format, modifier);
+  return get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+auto write(OutputIt out, const std::tm& time, const std::locale& loc,
+           char format, char modifier = 0) -> OutputIt {
+  auto&& buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  do_write<char>(buf, time, loc, format, modifier);
+  return write_encoded_tm_str(out, string_view(buf.data(), buf.size()), loc);
+}
+
+template <typename Rep1, typename Rep2>
+struct is_same_arithmetic_type
+    : public std::integral_constant<bool,
+                                    (std::is_integral<Rep1>::value &&
+                                     std::is_integral<Rep2>::value) ||
+                                        (std::is_floating_point<Rep1>::value &&
+                                         std::is_floating_point<Rep2>::value)> {
+};
+
+template <
+    typename To, typename FromRep, typename FromPeriod,
+    FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_same_arithmetic_type<FromRep, typename To::rep>::value)>
+auto fmt_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from) -> To {
+#if FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST
+  // Throwing version of safe_duration_cast is only available for
+  // integer to integer or float to float casts.
+  int ec;
+  To to = safe_duration_cast::safe_duration_cast<To>(from, ec);
+  if (ec) FMT_THROW(format_error("cannot format duration"));
+  return to;
+#else
+  // Standard duration cast, may overflow.
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<To>(from);
+#endif
+}
+
+template <
+    typename To, typename FromRep, typename FromPeriod,
+    FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_same_arithmetic_type<FromRep, typename To::rep>::value)>
+auto fmt_duration_cast(std::chrono::duration<FromRep, FromPeriod> from) -> To {
+  // Mixed integer <-> float cast is not supported by safe_duration_cast.
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<To>(from);
+}
+
+template <typename Duration>
+auto to_time_t(
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration> time_point)
+    -> std::time_t {
+  // Cannot use std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t since this would first
+  // require a cast to std::chrono::system_clock::time_point, which could
+  // overflow.
+  return fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<std::time_t>>(
+             time_point.time_since_epoch())
+      .count();
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+/**
+ * Converts given time since epoch as `std::time_t` value into calendar time,
+ * expressed in local time. Unlike `std::localtime`, this function is
+ * thread-safe on most platforms.
+ */
+inline auto localtime(std::time_t time) -> std::tm {
+  struct dispatcher {
+    std::time_t time_;
+    std::tm tm_;
+
+    dispatcher(std::time_t t) : time_(t) {}
+
+    auto run() -> bool {
+      using namespace fmt::detail;
+      return handle(localtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+    }
+
+    auto handle(std::tm* tm) -> bool { return tm != nullptr; }
+
+    auto handle(detail::null<>) -> bool {
+      using namespace fmt::detail;
+      return fallback(localtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+    }
+
+    auto fallback(int res) -> bool { return res == 0; }
+
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION
+    auto fallback(detail::null<>) -> bool {
+      using namespace fmt::detail;
+      std::tm* tm = std::localtime(&time_);
+      if (tm) tm_ = *tm;
+      return tm != nullptr;
+    }
+#endif
+  };
+  dispatcher lt(time);
+  // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+  if (!lt.run()) FMT_THROW(format_error("time_t value out of range"));
+  return lt.tm_;
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_LOCAL_TIME
+template <typename Duration>
+inline auto localtime(std::chrono::local_time<Duration> time) -> std::tm {
+  return localtime(
+      detail::to_time_t(std::chrono::current_zone()->to_sys(time)));
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Converts given time since epoch as `std::time_t` value into calendar time,
+ * expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Unlike `std::gmtime`, this
+ * function is thread-safe on most platforms.
+ */
+inline auto gmtime(std::time_t time) -> std::tm {
+  struct dispatcher {
+    std::time_t time_;
+    std::tm tm_;
+
+    dispatcher(std::time_t t) : time_(t) {}
+
+    auto run() -> bool {
+      using namespace fmt::detail;
+      return handle(gmtime_r(&time_, &tm_));
+    }
+
+    auto handle(std::tm* tm) -> bool { return tm != nullptr; }
+
+    auto handle(detail::null<>) -> bool {
+      using namespace fmt::detail;
+      return fallback(gmtime_s(&tm_, &time_));
+    }
+
+    auto fallback(int res) -> bool { return res == 0; }
+
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION
+    auto fallback(detail::null<>) -> bool {
+      std::tm* tm = std::gmtime(&time_);
+      if (tm) tm_ = *tm;
+      return tm != nullptr;
+    }
+#endif
+  };
+  auto gt = dispatcher(time);
+  // Too big time values may be unsupported.
+  if (!gt.run()) FMT_THROW(format_error("time_t value out of range"));
+  return gt.tm_;
+}
+
+template <typename Duration>
+inline auto gmtime(
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration> time_point)
+    -> std::tm {
+  return gmtime(detail::to_time_t(time_point));
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// Writes two-digit numbers a, b and c separated by sep to buf.
+// The method by Pavel Novikov based on
+// https://johnnylee-sde.github.io/Fast-unsigned-integer-to-time-string/.
+inline void write_digit2_separated(char* buf, unsigned a, unsigned b,
+                                   unsigned c, char sep) {
+  unsigned long long digits =
+      a | (b << 24) | (static_cast<unsigned long long>(c) << 48);
+  // Convert each value to BCD.
+  // We have x = a * 10 + b and we want to convert it to BCD y = a * 16 + b.
+  // The difference is
+  //   y - x = a * 6
+  // a can be found from x:
+  //   a = floor(x / 10)
+  // then
+  //   y = x + a * 6 = x + floor(x / 10) * 6
+  // floor(x / 10) is (x * 205) >> 11 (needs 16 bits).
+  digits += (((digits * 205) >> 11) & 0x000f00000f00000f) * 6;
+  // Put low nibbles to high bytes and high nibbles to low bytes.
+  digits = ((digits & 0x00f00000f00000f0) >> 4) |
+           ((digits & 0x000f00000f00000f) << 8);
+  auto usep = static_cast<unsigned long long>(sep);
+  // Add ASCII '0' to each digit byte and insert separators.
+  digits |= 0x3030003030003030 | (usep << 16) | (usep << 40);
+
+  constexpr const size_t len = 8;
+  if (const_check(is_big_endian())) {
+    char tmp[len];
+    std::memcpy(tmp, &digits, len);
+    std::reverse_copy(tmp, tmp + len, buf);
+  } else {
+    std::memcpy(buf, &digits, len);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Period>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto get_units() -> const char* {
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::atto>::value) return "as";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::femto>::value) return "fs";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::pico>::value) return "ps";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::nano>::value) return "ns";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::micro>::value) return "µs";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::milli>::value) return "ms";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::centi>::value) return "cs";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::deci>::value) return "ds";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::ratio<1>>::value) return "s";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::deca>::value) return "das";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::hecto>::value) return "hs";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::kilo>::value) return "ks";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::mega>::value) return "Ms";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::giga>::value) return "Gs";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::tera>::value) return "Ts";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::peta>::value) return "Ps";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::exa>::value) return "Es";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::ratio<60>>::value) return "min";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::ratio<3600>>::value) return "h";
+  if (std::is_same<Period, std::ratio<86400>>::value) return "d";
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+enum class numeric_system {
+  standard,
+  // Alternative numeric system, e.g. 十二 instead of 12 in ja_JP locale.
+  alternative
+};
+
+// Glibc extensions for formatting numeric values.
+enum class pad_type {
+  // Pad a numeric result string with zeros (the default).
+  zero,
+  // Do not pad a numeric result string.
+  none,
+  // Pad a numeric result string with spaces.
+  space,
+};
+
+template <typename OutputIt>
+auto write_padding(OutputIt out, pad_type pad, int width) -> OutputIt {
+  if (pad == pad_type::none) return out;
+  return detail::fill_n(out, width, pad == pad_type::space ? ' ' : '0');
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt>
+auto write_padding(OutputIt out, pad_type pad) -> OutputIt {
+  if (pad != pad_type::none) *out++ = pad == pad_type::space ? ' ' : '0';
+  return out;
+}
+
+// Parses a put_time-like format string and invokes handler actions.
+template <typename Char, typename Handler>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_chrono_format(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                                       Handler&& handler) -> const Char* {
+  if (begin == end || *begin == '}') return begin;
+  if (*begin != '%') FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+  auto ptr = begin;
+  while (ptr != end) {
+    pad_type pad = pad_type::zero;
+    auto c = *ptr;
+    if (c == '}') break;
+    if (c != '%') {
+      ++ptr;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (begin != ptr) handler.on_text(begin, ptr);
+    ++ptr;  // consume '%'
+    if (ptr == end) FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+    c = *ptr;
+    switch (c) {
+    case '_':
+      pad = pad_type::space;
+      ++ptr;
+      break;
+    case '-':
+      pad = pad_type::none;
+      ++ptr;
+      break;
+    }
+    if (ptr == end) FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+    c = *ptr++;
+    switch (c) {
+    case '%':
+      handler.on_text(ptr - 1, ptr);
+      break;
+    case 'n': {
+      const Char newline[] = {'\n'};
+      handler.on_text(newline, newline + 1);
+      break;
+    }
+    case 't': {
+      const Char tab[] = {'\t'};
+      handler.on_text(tab, tab + 1);
+      break;
+    }
+    // Year:
+    case 'Y':
+      handler.on_year(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'y':
+      handler.on_short_year(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'C':
+      handler.on_century(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'G':
+      handler.on_iso_week_based_year();
+      break;
+    case 'g':
+      handler.on_iso_week_based_short_year();
+      break;
+    // Day of the week:
+    case 'a':
+      handler.on_abbr_weekday();
+      break;
+    case 'A':
+      handler.on_full_weekday();
+      break;
+    case 'w':
+      handler.on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'u':
+      handler.on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    // Month:
+    case 'b':
+    case 'h':
+      handler.on_abbr_month();
+      break;
+    case 'B':
+      handler.on_full_month();
+      break;
+    case 'm':
+      handler.on_dec_month(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    // Day of the year/month:
+    case 'U':
+      handler.on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'W':
+      handler.on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'V':
+      handler.on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'j':
+      handler.on_day_of_year();
+      break;
+    case 'd':
+      handler.on_day_of_month(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'e':
+      handler.on_day_of_month(numeric_system::standard, pad_type::space);
+      break;
+    // Hour, minute, second:
+    case 'H':
+      handler.on_24_hour(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'I':
+      handler.on_12_hour(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'M':
+      handler.on_minute(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    case 'S':
+      handler.on_second(numeric_system::standard, pad);
+      break;
+    // Other:
+    case 'c':
+      handler.on_datetime(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'x':
+      handler.on_loc_date(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'X':
+      handler.on_loc_time(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'D':
+      handler.on_us_date();
+      break;
+    case 'F':
+      handler.on_iso_date();
+      break;
+    case 'r':
+      handler.on_12_hour_time();
+      break;
+    case 'R':
+      handler.on_24_hour_time();
+      break;
+    case 'T':
+      handler.on_iso_time();
+      break;
+    case 'p':
+      handler.on_am_pm();
+      break;
+    case 'Q':
+      handler.on_duration_value();
+      break;
+    case 'q':
+      handler.on_duration_unit();
+      break;
+    case 'z':
+      handler.on_utc_offset(numeric_system::standard);
+      break;
+    case 'Z':
+      handler.on_tz_name();
+      break;
+    // Alternative representation:
+    case 'E': {
+      if (ptr == end) FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+      c = *ptr++;
+      switch (c) {
+      case 'Y':
+        handler.on_year(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'y':
+        handler.on_offset_year();
+        break;
+      case 'C':
+        handler.on_century(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'c':
+        handler.on_datetime(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'x':
+        handler.on_loc_date(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'X':
+        handler.on_loc_time(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'z':
+        handler.on_utc_offset(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      default:
+        FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'O':
+      if (ptr == end) FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+      c = *ptr++;
+      switch (c) {
+      case 'y':
+        handler.on_short_year(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'm':
+        handler.on_dec_month(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'U':
+        handler.on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'W':
+        handler.on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'V':
+        handler.on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'd':
+        handler.on_day_of_month(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'e':
+        handler.on_day_of_month(numeric_system::alternative, pad_type::space);
+        break;
+      case 'w':
+        handler.on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'u':
+        handler.on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      case 'H':
+        handler.on_24_hour(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'I':
+        handler.on_12_hour(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'M':
+        handler.on_minute(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'S':
+        handler.on_second(numeric_system::alternative, pad);
+        break;
+      case 'z':
+        handler.on_utc_offset(numeric_system::alternative);
+        break;
+      default:
+        FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid format"));
+    }
+    begin = ptr;
+  }
+  if (begin != ptr) handler.on_text(begin, ptr);
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+template <typename Derived> struct null_chrono_spec_handler {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void unsupported() {
+    static_cast<Derived*>(this)->unsupported();
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_year(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_short_year(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_offset_year() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_century(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_based_year() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_based_short_year() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_abbr_weekday() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_full_weekday() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_abbr_month() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_full_month() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec_month(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {
+    unsupported();
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {
+    unsupported();
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {
+    unsupported();
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_day_of_year() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_day_of_month(numeric_system, pad_type) {
+    unsupported();
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_minute(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_second(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_datetime(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_loc_date(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_loc_time(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_us_date() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_date() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour_time() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour_time() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_time() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_am_pm() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_duration_value() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_duration_unit() { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_utc_offset(numeric_system) { unsupported(); }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_tz_name() { unsupported(); }
+};
+
+struct tm_format_checker : null_chrono_spec_handler<tm_format_checker> {
+  FMT_NORETURN void unsupported() { FMT_THROW(format_error("no format")); }
+
+  template <typename Char>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char*, const Char*) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_year(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_short_year(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_offset_year() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_century(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_based_year() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_based_short_year() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_abbr_weekday() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_full_weekday() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_abbr_month() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_full_month() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec_month(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_day_of_year() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_day_of_month(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_minute(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_second(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_datetime(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_loc_date(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_loc_time(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_us_date() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_date() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_am_pm() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_utc_offset(numeric_system) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_tz_name() {}
+};
+
+inline auto tm_wday_full_name(int wday) -> const char* {
+  static constexpr const char* full_name_list[] = {
+      "Sunday",   "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
+      "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
+  return wday >= 0 && wday <= 6 ? full_name_list[wday] : "?";
+}
+inline auto tm_wday_short_name(int wday) -> const char* {
+  static constexpr const char* short_name_list[] = {"Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed",
+                                                    "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"};
+  return wday >= 0 && wday <= 6 ? short_name_list[wday] : "???";
+}
+
+inline auto tm_mon_full_name(int mon) -> const char* {
+  static constexpr const char* full_name_list[] = {
+      "January", "February", "March",     "April",   "May",      "June",
+      "July",    "August",   "September", "October", "November", "December"};
+  return mon >= 0 && mon <= 11 ? full_name_list[mon] : "?";
+}
+inline auto tm_mon_short_name(int mon) -> const char* {
+  static constexpr const char* short_name_list[] = {
+      "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
+      "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec",
+  };
+  return mon >= 0 && mon <= 11 ? short_name_list[mon] : "???";
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct has_member_data_tm_gmtoff : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct has_member_data_tm_gmtoff<T, void_t<decltype(T::tm_gmtoff)>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename = void>
+struct has_member_data_tm_zone : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct has_member_data_tm_zone<T, void_t<decltype(T::tm_zone)>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+#if FMT_USE_TZSET
+inline void tzset_once() {
+  static bool init = []() -> bool {
+    _tzset();
+    return true;
+  }();
+  ignore_unused(init);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Converts value to Int and checks that it's in the range [0, upper).
+template <typename T, typename Int, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+inline auto to_nonnegative_int(T value, Int upper) -> Int {
+  if (!std::is_unsigned<Int>::value &&
+      (value < 0 || to_unsigned(value) > to_unsigned(upper))) {
+    FMT_THROW(fmt::format_error("chrono value is out of range"));
+  }
+  return static_cast<Int>(value);
+}
+template <typename T, typename Int, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+inline auto to_nonnegative_int(T value, Int upper) -> Int {
+  auto int_value = static_cast<Int>(value);
+  if (int_value < 0 || value > static_cast<T>(upper))
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("invalid value"));
+  return int_value;
+}
+
+constexpr auto pow10(std::uint32_t n) -> long long {
+  return n == 0 ? 1 : 10 * pow10(n - 1);
+}
+
+// Counts the number of fractional digits in the range [0, 18] according to the
+// C++20 spec. If more than 18 fractional digits are required then returns 6 for
+// microseconds precision.
+template <long long Num, long long Den, int N = 0,
+          bool Enabled = (N < 19) && (Num <= max_value<long long>() / 10)>
+struct count_fractional_digits {
+  static constexpr int value =
+      Num % Den == 0 ? N : count_fractional_digits<Num * 10, Den, N + 1>::value;
+};
+
+// Base case that doesn't instantiate any more templates
+// in order to avoid overflow.
+template <long long Num, long long Den, int N>
+struct count_fractional_digits<Num, Den, N, false> {
+  static constexpr int value = (Num % Den == 0) ? N : 6;
+};
+
+// Format subseconds which are given as an integer type with an appropriate
+// number of digits.
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename Duration>
+void write_fractional_seconds(OutputIt& out, Duration d, int precision = -1) {
+  constexpr auto num_fractional_digits =
+      count_fractional_digits<Duration::period::num,
+                              Duration::period::den>::value;
+
+  using subsecond_precision = std::chrono::duration<
+      typename std::common_type<typename Duration::rep,
+                                std::chrono::seconds::rep>::type,
+      std::ratio<1, detail::pow10(num_fractional_digits)>>;
+
+  const auto fractional = d - fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(d);
+  const auto subseconds =
+      std::chrono::treat_as_floating_point<
+          typename subsecond_precision::rep>::value
+          ? fractional.count()
+          : fmt_duration_cast<subsecond_precision>(fractional).count();
+  auto n = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<long long>>(subseconds);
+  const int num_digits = detail::count_digits(n);
+
+  int leading_zeroes = (std::max)(0, num_fractional_digits - num_digits);
+  if (precision < 0) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(!std::is_floating_point<typename Duration::rep>::value, "");
+    if (std::ratio_less<typename subsecond_precision::period,
+                        std::chrono::seconds::period>::value) {
+      *out++ = '.';
+      out = detail::fill_n(out, leading_zeroes, '0');
+      out = format_decimal<Char>(out, n, num_digits).end;
+    }
+  } else if (precision > 0) {
+    *out++ = '.';
+    leading_zeroes = (std::min)(leading_zeroes, precision);
+    int remaining = precision - leading_zeroes;
+    out = detail::fill_n(out, leading_zeroes, '0');
+    if (remaining < num_digits) {
+      int num_truncated_digits = num_digits - remaining;
+      n /= to_unsigned(detail::pow10(to_unsigned(num_truncated_digits)));
+      if (n) {
+        out = format_decimal<Char>(out, n, remaining).end;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    if (n) {
+      out = format_decimal<Char>(out, n, num_digits).end;
+      remaining -= num_digits;
+    }
+    out = detail::fill_n(out, remaining, '0');
+  }
+}
+
+// Format subseconds which are given as a floating point type with an
+// appropriate number of digits. We cannot pass the Duration here, as we
+// explicitly need to pass the Rep value in the chrono_formatter.
+template <typename Duration>
+void write_floating_seconds(memory_buffer& buf, Duration duration,
+                            int num_fractional_digits = -1) {
+  using rep = typename Duration::rep;
+  FMT_ASSERT(std::is_floating_point<rep>::value, "");
+
+  auto val = duration.count();
+
+  if (num_fractional_digits < 0) {
+    // For `std::round` with fallback to `round`:
+    // On some toolchains `std::round` is not available (e.g. GCC 6).
+    using namespace std;
+    num_fractional_digits =
+        count_fractional_digits<Duration::period::num,
+                                Duration::period::den>::value;
+    if (num_fractional_digits < 6 && static_cast<rep>(round(val)) != val)
+      num_fractional_digits = 6;
+  }
+
+  fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), FMT_STRING("{:.{}f}"),
+                 std::fmod(val * static_cast<rep>(Duration::period::num) /
+                               static_cast<rep>(Duration::period::den),
+                           static_cast<rep>(60)),
+                 num_fractional_digits);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char,
+          typename Duration = std::chrono::seconds>
+class tm_writer {
+ private:
+  static constexpr int days_per_week = 7;
+
+  const std::locale& loc_;
+  const bool is_classic_;
+  OutputIt out_;
+  const Duration* subsecs_;
+  const std::tm& tm_;
+
+  auto tm_sec() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_sec >= 0 && tm_.tm_sec <= 61, "");
+    return tm_.tm_sec;
+  }
+  auto tm_min() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_min >= 0 && tm_.tm_min <= 59, "");
+    return tm_.tm_min;
+  }
+  auto tm_hour() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_hour >= 0 && tm_.tm_hour <= 23, "");
+    return tm_.tm_hour;
+  }
+  auto tm_mday() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_mday >= 1 && tm_.tm_mday <= 31, "");
+    return tm_.tm_mday;
+  }
+  auto tm_mon() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_mon >= 0 && tm_.tm_mon <= 11, "");
+    return tm_.tm_mon;
+  }
+  auto tm_year() const noexcept -> long long { return 1900ll + tm_.tm_year; }
+  auto tm_wday() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_wday >= 0 && tm_.tm_wday <= 6, "");
+    return tm_.tm_wday;
+  }
+  auto tm_yday() const noexcept -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(tm_.tm_yday >= 0 && tm_.tm_yday <= 365, "");
+    return tm_.tm_yday;
+  }
+
+  auto tm_hour12() const noexcept -> int {
+    const auto h = tm_hour();
+    const auto z = h < 12 ? h : h - 12;
+    return z == 0 ? 12 : z;
+  }
+
+  // POSIX and the C Standard are unclear or inconsistent about what %C and %y
+  // do if the year is negative or exceeds 9999. Use the convention that %C
+  // concatenated with %y yields the same output as %Y, and that %Y contains at
+  // least 4 characters, with more only if necessary.
+  auto split_year_lower(long long year) const noexcept -> int {
+    auto l = year % 100;
+    if (l < 0) l = -l;  // l in [0, 99]
+    return static_cast<int>(l);
+  }
+
+  // Algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date.
+  auto iso_year_weeks(long long curr_year) const noexcept -> int {
+    const auto prev_year = curr_year - 1;
+    const auto curr_p =
+        (curr_year + curr_year / 4 - curr_year / 100 + curr_year / 400) %
+        days_per_week;
+    const auto prev_p =
+        (prev_year + prev_year / 4 - prev_year / 100 + prev_year / 400) %
+        days_per_week;
+    return 52 + ((curr_p == 4 || prev_p == 3) ? 1 : 0);
+  }
+  auto iso_week_num(int tm_yday, int tm_wday) const noexcept -> int {
+    return (tm_yday + 11 - (tm_wday == 0 ? days_per_week : tm_wday)) /
+           days_per_week;
+  }
+  auto tm_iso_week_year() const noexcept -> long long {
+    const auto year = tm_year();
+    const auto w = iso_week_num(tm_yday(), tm_wday());
+    if (w < 1) return year - 1;
+    if (w > iso_year_weeks(year)) return year + 1;
+    return year;
+  }
+  auto tm_iso_week_of_year() const noexcept -> int {
+    const auto year = tm_year();
+    const auto w = iso_week_num(tm_yday(), tm_wday());
+    if (w < 1) return iso_year_weeks(year - 1);
+    if (w > iso_year_weeks(year)) return 1;
+    return w;
+  }
+
+  void write1(int value) {
+    *out_++ = static_cast<char>('0' + to_unsigned(value) % 10);
+  }
+  void write2(int value) {
+    const char* d = digits2(to_unsigned(value) % 100);
+    *out_++ = *d++;
+    *out_++ = *d;
+  }
+  void write2(int value, pad_type pad) {
+    unsigned int v = to_unsigned(value) % 100;
+    if (v >= 10) {
+      const char* d = digits2(v);
+      *out_++ = *d++;
+      *out_++ = *d;
+    } else {
+      out_ = detail::write_padding(out_, pad);
+      *out_++ = static_cast<char>('0' + v);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void write_year_extended(long long year) {
+    // At least 4 characters.
+    int width = 4;
+    if (year < 0) {
+      *out_++ = '-';
+      year = 0 - year;
+      --width;
+    }
+    uint32_or_64_or_128_t<long long> n = to_unsigned(year);
+    const int num_digits = count_digits(n);
+    if (width > num_digits)
+      out_ = detail::fill_n(out_, width - num_digits, '0');
+    out_ = format_decimal<Char>(out_, n, num_digits).end;
+  }
+  void write_year(long long year) {
+    if (year >= 0 && year < 10000) {
+      write2(static_cast<int>(year / 100));
+      write2(static_cast<int>(year % 100));
+    } else {
+      write_year_extended(year);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void write_utc_offset(long offset, numeric_system ns) {
+    if (offset < 0) {
+      *out_++ = '-';
+      offset = -offset;
+    } else {
+      *out_++ = '+';
+    }
+    offset /= 60;
+    write2(static_cast<int>(offset / 60));
+    if (ns != numeric_system::standard) *out_++ = ':';
+    write2(static_cast<int>(offset % 60));
+  }
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(has_member_data_tm_gmtoff<T>::value)>
+  void format_utc_offset_impl(const T& tm, numeric_system ns) {
+    write_utc_offset(tm.tm_gmtoff, ns);
+  }
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!has_member_data_tm_gmtoff<T>::value)>
+  void format_utc_offset_impl(const T& tm, numeric_system ns) {
+#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(_UCRT)
+#  if FMT_USE_TZSET
+    tzset_once();
+#  endif
+    long offset = 0;
+    _get_timezone(&offset);
+    if (tm.tm_isdst) {
+      long dstbias = 0;
+      _get_dstbias(&dstbias);
+      offset += dstbias;
+    }
+    write_utc_offset(-offset, ns);
+#else
+    if (ns == numeric_system::standard) return format_localized('z');
+
+    // Extract timezone offset from timezone conversion functions.
+    std::tm gtm = tm;
+    std::time_t gt = std::mktime(&gtm);
+    std::tm ltm = gmtime(gt);
+    std::time_t lt = std::mktime(&ltm);
+    long offset = gt - lt;
+    write_utc_offset(offset, ns);
+#endif
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(has_member_data_tm_zone<T>::value)>
+  void format_tz_name_impl(const T& tm) {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      out_ = write_tm_str<Char>(out_, tm.tm_zone, loc_);
+    else
+      format_localized('Z');
+  }
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!has_member_data_tm_zone<T>::value)>
+  void format_tz_name_impl(const T&) {
+    format_localized('Z');
+  }
+
+  void format_localized(char format, char modifier = 0) {
+    out_ = write<Char>(out_, tm_, loc_, format, modifier);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  tm_writer(const std::locale& loc, OutputIt out, const std::tm& tm,
+            const Duration* subsecs = nullptr)
+      : loc_(loc),
+        is_classic_(loc_ == get_classic_locale()),
+        out_(out),
+        subsecs_(subsecs),
+        tm_(tm) {}
+
+  auto out() const -> OutputIt { return out_; }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char* begin, const Char* end) {
+    out_ = copy<Char>(begin, end, out_);
+  }
+
+  void on_abbr_weekday() {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      out_ = write(out_, tm_wday_short_name(tm_wday()));
+    else
+      format_localized('a');
+  }
+  void on_full_weekday() {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      out_ = write(out_, tm_wday_full_name(tm_wday()));
+    else
+      format_localized('A');
+  }
+  void on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard) return write1(tm_wday());
+    format_localized('w', 'O');
+  }
+  void on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard) {
+      auto wday = tm_wday();
+      write1(wday == 0 ? days_per_week : wday);
+    } else {
+      format_localized('u', 'O');
+    }
+  }
+
+  void on_abbr_month() {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      out_ = write(out_, tm_mon_short_name(tm_mon()));
+    else
+      format_localized('b');
+  }
+  void on_full_month() {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      out_ = write(out_, tm_mon_full_name(tm_mon()));
+    else
+      format_localized('B');
+  }
+
+  void on_datetime(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_) {
+      on_abbr_weekday();
+      *out_++ = ' ';
+      on_abbr_month();
+      *out_++ = ' ';
+      on_day_of_month(numeric_system::standard, pad_type::space);
+      *out_++ = ' ';
+      on_iso_time();
+      *out_++ = ' ';
+      on_year(numeric_system::standard);
+    } else {
+      format_localized('c', ns == numeric_system::standard ? '\0' : 'E');
+    }
+  }
+  void on_loc_date(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      on_us_date();
+    else
+      format_localized('x', ns == numeric_system::standard ? '\0' : 'E');
+  }
+  void on_loc_time(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_)
+      on_iso_time();
+    else
+      format_localized('X', ns == numeric_system::standard ? '\0' : 'E');
+  }
+  void on_us_date() {
+    char buf[8];
+    write_digit2_separated(buf, to_unsigned(tm_mon() + 1),
+                           to_unsigned(tm_mday()),
+                           to_unsigned(split_year_lower(tm_year())), '/');
+    out_ = copy<Char>(std::begin(buf), std::end(buf), out_);
+  }
+  void on_iso_date() {
+    auto year = tm_year();
+    char buf[10];
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    if (year >= 0 && year < 10000) {
+      copy2(buf, digits2(static_cast<size_t>(year / 100)));
+    } else {
+      offset = 4;
+      write_year_extended(year);
+      year = 0;
+    }
+    write_digit2_separated(buf + 2, static_cast<unsigned>(year % 100),
+                           to_unsigned(tm_mon() + 1), to_unsigned(tm_mday()),
+                           '-');
+    out_ = copy<Char>(std::begin(buf) + offset, std::end(buf), out_);
+  }
+
+  void on_utc_offset(numeric_system ns) { format_utc_offset_impl(tm_, ns); }
+  void on_tz_name() { format_tz_name_impl(tm_); }
+
+  void on_year(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write_year(tm_year());
+    format_localized('Y', 'E');
+  }
+  void on_short_year(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(split_year_lower(tm_year()));
+    format_localized('y', 'O');
+  }
+  void on_offset_year() {
+    if (is_classic_) return write2(split_year_lower(tm_year()));
+    format_localized('y', 'E');
+  }
+
+  void on_century(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard) {
+      auto year = tm_year();
+      auto upper = year / 100;
+      if (year >= -99 && year < 0) {
+        // Zero upper on negative year.
+        *out_++ = '-';
+        *out_++ = '0';
+      } else if (upper >= 0 && upper < 100) {
+        write2(static_cast<int>(upper));
+      } else {
+        out_ = write<Char>(out_, upper);
+      }
+    } else {
+      format_localized('C', 'E');
+    }
+  }
+
+  void on_dec_month(numeric_system ns) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_mon() + 1);
+    format_localized('m', 'O');
+  }
+
+  void on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2((tm_yday() + days_per_week - tm_wday()) / days_per_week,
+                    pad);
+    format_localized('U', 'O');
+  }
+  void on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard) {
+      auto wday = tm_wday();
+      write2((tm_yday() + days_per_week -
+              (wday == 0 ? (days_per_week - 1) : (wday - 1))) /
+                 days_per_week,
+             pad);
+    } else {
+      format_localized('W', 'O');
+    }
+  }
+  void on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_iso_week_of_year(), pad);
+    format_localized('V', 'O');
+  }
+
+  void on_iso_week_based_year() { write_year(tm_iso_week_year()); }
+  void on_iso_week_based_short_year() {
+    write2(split_year_lower(tm_iso_week_year()));
+  }
+
+  void on_day_of_year() {
+    auto yday = tm_yday() + 1;
+    write1(yday / 100);
+    write2(yday % 100);
+  }
+  void on_day_of_month(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_mday(), pad);
+    format_localized('d', 'O');
+  }
+
+  void on_24_hour(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_hour(), pad);
+    format_localized('H', 'O');
+  }
+  void on_12_hour(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_hour12(), pad);
+    format_localized('I', 'O');
+  }
+  void on_minute(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard)
+      return write2(tm_min(), pad);
+    format_localized('M', 'O');
+  }
+
+  void on_second(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (is_classic_ || ns == numeric_system::standard) {
+      write2(tm_sec(), pad);
+      if (subsecs_) {
+        if (std::is_floating_point<typename Duration::rep>::value) {
+          auto buf = memory_buffer();
+          write_floating_seconds(buf, *subsecs_);
+          if (buf.size() > 1) {
+            // Remove the leading "0", write something like ".123".
+            out_ = std::copy(buf.begin() + 1, buf.end(), out_);
+          }
+        } else {
+          write_fractional_seconds<Char>(out_, *subsecs_);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Currently no formatting of subseconds when a locale is set.
+      format_localized('S', 'O');
+    }
+  }
+
+  void on_12_hour_time() {
+    if (is_classic_) {
+      char buf[8];
+      write_digit2_separated(buf, to_unsigned(tm_hour12()),
+                             to_unsigned(tm_min()), to_unsigned(tm_sec()), ':');
+      out_ = copy<Char>(std::begin(buf), std::end(buf), out_);
+      *out_++ = ' ';
+      on_am_pm();
+    } else {
+      format_localized('r');
+    }
+  }
+  void on_24_hour_time() {
+    write2(tm_hour());
+    *out_++ = ':';
+    write2(tm_min());
+  }
+  void on_iso_time() {
+    on_24_hour_time();
+    *out_++ = ':';
+    on_second(numeric_system::standard, pad_type::zero);
+  }
+
+  void on_am_pm() {
+    if (is_classic_) {
+      *out_++ = tm_hour() < 12 ? 'A' : 'P';
+      *out_++ = 'M';
+    } else {
+      format_localized('p');
+    }
+  }
+
+  // These apply to chrono durations but not tm.
+  void on_duration_value() {}
+  void on_duration_unit() {}
+};
+
+struct chrono_format_checker : null_chrono_spec_handler<chrono_format_checker> {
+  bool has_precision_integral = false;
+
+  FMT_NORETURN void unsupported() { FMT_THROW(format_error("no date")); }
+
+  template <typename Char>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_text(const Char*, const Char*) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_day_of_year() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_minute(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_second(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_12_hour_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_24_hour_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_iso_time() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_am_pm() {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_duration_value() const {
+    if (has_precision_integral) {
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("precision not allowed for this argument type"));
+    }
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void on_duration_unit() {}
+};
+
+template <typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value&& has_isfinite<T>::value)>
+inline auto isfinite(T) -> bool {
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+inline auto mod(T x, int y) -> T {
+  return x % static_cast<T>(y);
+}
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value)>
+inline auto mod(T x, int y) -> T {
+  return std::fmod(x, static_cast<T>(y));
+}
+
+// If T is an integral type, maps T to its unsigned counterpart, otherwise
+// leaves it unchanged (unlike std::make_unsigned).
+template <typename T, bool INTEGRAL = std::is_integral<T>::value>
+struct make_unsigned_or_unchanged {
+  using type = T;
+};
+
+template <typename T> struct make_unsigned_or_unchanged<T, true> {
+  using type = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+};
+
+template <typename Rep, typename Period,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<Rep>::value)>
+inline auto get_milliseconds(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> d)
+    -> std::chrono::duration<Rep, std::milli> {
+  // this may overflow and/or the result may not fit in the
+  // target type.
+#if FMT_SAFE_DURATION_CAST
+  using CommonSecondsType =
+      typename std::common_type<decltype(d), std::chrono::seconds>::type;
+  const auto d_as_common = fmt_duration_cast<CommonSecondsType>(d);
+  const auto d_as_whole_seconds =
+      fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(d_as_common);
+  // this conversion should be nonproblematic
+  const auto diff = d_as_common - d_as_whole_seconds;
+  const auto ms =
+      fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::duration<Rep, std::milli>>(diff);
+  return ms;
+#else
+  auto s = fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(d);
+  return fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(d - s);
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Rep, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<Rep>::value)>
+auto format_duration_value(OutputIt out, Rep val, int) -> OutputIt {
+  return write<Char>(out, val);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Rep, typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<Rep>::value)>
+auto format_duration_value(OutputIt out, Rep val, int precision) -> OutputIt {
+  auto specs = format_specs();
+  specs.precision = precision;
+  specs.type =
+      precision >= 0 ? presentation_type::fixed : presentation_type::general;
+  return write<Char>(out, val, specs);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto copy_unit(string_view unit, OutputIt out, Char) -> OutputIt {
+  return std::copy(unit.begin(), unit.end(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt>
+auto copy_unit(string_view unit, OutputIt out, wchar_t) -> OutputIt {
+  // This works when wchar_t is UTF-32 because units only contain characters
+  // that have the same representation in UTF-16 and UTF-32.
+  utf8_to_utf16 u(unit);
+  return std::copy(u.c_str(), u.c_str() + u.size(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Period, typename OutputIt>
+auto format_duration_unit(OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  if (const char* unit = get_units<Period>())
+    return copy_unit(string_view(unit), out, Char());
+  *out++ = '[';
+  out = write<Char>(out, Period::num);
+  if (const_check(Period::den != 1)) {
+    *out++ = '/';
+    out = write<Char>(out, Period::den);
+  }
+  *out++ = ']';
+  *out++ = 's';
+  return out;
+}
+
+class get_locale {
+ private:
+  union {
+    std::locale locale_;
+  };
+  bool has_locale_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  get_locale(bool localized, locale_ref loc) : has_locale_(localized) {
+#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+    if (localized)
+      ::new (&locale_) std::locale(loc.template get<std::locale>());
+#endif
+  }
+  ~get_locale() {
+    if (has_locale_) locale_.~locale();
+  }
+  operator const std::locale&() const {
+    return has_locale_ ? locale_ : get_classic_locale();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename FormatContext, typename OutputIt, typename Rep,
+          typename Period>
+struct chrono_formatter {
+  FormatContext& context;
+  OutputIt out;
+  int precision;
+  bool localized = false;
+  // rep is unsigned to avoid overflow.
+  using rep =
+      conditional_t<std::is_integral<Rep>::value && sizeof(Rep) < sizeof(int),
+                    unsigned, typename make_unsigned_or_unchanged<Rep>::type>;
+  rep val;
+  using seconds = std::chrono::duration<rep>;
+  seconds s;
+  using milliseconds = std::chrono::duration<rep, std::milli>;
+  bool negative;
+
+  using char_type = typename FormatContext::char_type;
+  using tm_writer_type = tm_writer<OutputIt, char_type>;
+
+  chrono_formatter(FormatContext& ctx, OutputIt o,
+                   std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> d)
+      : context(ctx),
+        out(o),
+        val(static_cast<rep>(d.count())),
+        negative(false) {
+    if (d.count() < 0) {
+      val = 0 - val;
+      negative = true;
+    }
+
+    // this may overflow and/or the result may not fit in the
+    // target type.
+    // might need checked conversion (rep!=Rep)
+    s = fmt_duration_cast<seconds>(std::chrono::duration<rep, Period>(val));
+  }
+
+  // returns true if nan or inf, writes to out.
+  auto handle_nan_inf() -> bool {
+    if (isfinite(val)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (isnan(val)) {
+      write_nan();
+      return true;
+    }
+    // must be +-inf
+    if (val > 0) {
+      write_pinf();
+    } else {
+      write_ninf();
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  auto days() const -> Rep { return static_cast<Rep>(s.count() / 86400); }
+  auto hour() const -> Rep {
+    return static_cast<Rep>(mod((s.count() / 3600), 24));
+  }
+
+  auto hour12() const -> Rep {
+    Rep hour = static_cast<Rep>(mod((s.count() / 3600), 12));
+    return hour <= 0 ? 12 : hour;
+  }
+
+  auto minute() const -> Rep {
+    return static_cast<Rep>(mod((s.count() / 60), 60));
+  }
+  auto second() const -> Rep { return static_cast<Rep>(mod(s.count(), 60)); }
+
+  auto time() const -> std::tm {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_hour = to_nonnegative_int(hour(), 24);
+    time.tm_min = to_nonnegative_int(minute(), 60);
+    time.tm_sec = to_nonnegative_int(second(), 60);
+    return time;
+  }
+
+  void write_sign() {
+    if (negative) {
+      *out++ = '-';
+      negative = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void write(Rep value, int width, pad_type pad = pad_type::zero) {
+    write_sign();
+    if (isnan(value)) return write_nan();
+    uint32_or_64_or_128_t<int> n =
+        to_unsigned(to_nonnegative_int(value, max_value<int>()));
+    int num_digits = detail::count_digits(n);
+    if (width > num_digits) {
+      out = detail::write_padding(out, pad, width - num_digits);
+    }
+    out = format_decimal<char_type>(out, n, num_digits).end;
+  }
+
+  void write_nan() { std::copy_n("nan", 3, out); }
+  void write_pinf() { std::copy_n("inf", 3, out); }
+  void write_ninf() { std::copy_n("-inf", 4, out); }
+
+  template <typename Callback, typename... Args>
+  void format_tm(const tm& time, Callback cb, Args... args) {
+    if (isnan(val)) return write_nan();
+    get_locale loc(localized, context.locale());
+    auto w = tm_writer_type(loc, out, time);
+    (w.*cb)(args...);
+    out = w.out();
+  }
+
+  void on_text(const char_type* begin, const char_type* end) {
+    std::copy(begin, end, out);
+  }
+
+  // These are not implemented because durations don't have date information.
+  void on_abbr_weekday() {}
+  void on_full_weekday() {}
+  void on_dec0_weekday(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_dec1_weekday(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_abbr_month() {}
+  void on_full_month() {}
+  void on_datetime(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_loc_date(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_loc_time(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_us_date() {}
+  void on_iso_date() {}
+  void on_utc_offset(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_tz_name() {}
+  void on_year(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_short_year(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_offset_year() {}
+  void on_century(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_iso_week_based_year() {}
+  void on_iso_week_based_short_year() {}
+  void on_dec_month(numeric_system) {}
+  void on_dec0_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  void on_dec1_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  void on_iso_week_of_year(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+  void on_day_of_month(numeric_system, pad_type) {}
+
+  void on_day_of_year() {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+    write(days(), 0);
+  }
+
+  void on_24_hour(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+
+    if (ns == numeric_system::standard) return write(hour(), 2, pad);
+    auto time = tm();
+    time.tm_hour = to_nonnegative_int(hour(), 24);
+    format_tm(time, &tm_writer_type::on_24_hour, ns, pad);
+  }
+
+  void on_12_hour(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+
+    if (ns == numeric_system::standard) return write(hour12(), 2, pad);
+    auto time = tm();
+    time.tm_hour = to_nonnegative_int(hour12(), 12);
+    format_tm(time, &tm_writer_type::on_12_hour, ns, pad);
+  }
+
+  void on_minute(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+
+    if (ns == numeric_system::standard) return write(minute(), 2, pad);
+    auto time = tm();
+    time.tm_min = to_nonnegative_int(minute(), 60);
+    format_tm(time, &tm_writer_type::on_minute, ns, pad);
+  }
+
+  void on_second(numeric_system ns, pad_type pad) {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+
+    if (ns == numeric_system::standard) {
+      if (std::is_floating_point<rep>::value) {
+        auto buf = memory_buffer();
+        write_floating_seconds(buf, std::chrono::duration<rep, Period>(val),
+                               precision);
+        if (negative) *out++ = '-';
+        if (buf.size() < 2 || buf[1] == '.') {
+          out = detail::write_padding(out, pad);
+        }
+        out = std::copy(buf.begin(), buf.end(), out);
+      } else {
+        write(second(), 2, pad);
+        write_fractional_seconds<char_type>(
+            out, std::chrono::duration<rep, Period>(val), precision);
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    auto time = tm();
+    time.tm_sec = to_nonnegative_int(second(), 60);
+    format_tm(time, &tm_writer_type::on_second, ns, pad);
+  }
+
+  void on_12_hour_time() {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+    format_tm(time(), &tm_writer_type::on_12_hour_time);
+  }
+
+  void on_24_hour_time() {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) {
+      *out++ = ':';
+      handle_nan_inf();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    write(hour(), 2);
+    *out++ = ':';
+    write(minute(), 2);
+  }
+
+  void on_iso_time() {
+    on_24_hour_time();
+    *out++ = ':';
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+    on_second(numeric_system::standard, pad_type::zero);
+  }
+
+  void on_am_pm() {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+    format_tm(time(), &tm_writer_type::on_am_pm);
+  }
+
+  void on_duration_value() {
+    if (handle_nan_inf()) return;
+    write_sign();
+    out = format_duration_value<char_type>(out, val, precision);
+  }
+
+  void on_duration_unit() {
+    out = format_duration_unit<char_type, Period>(out);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_chrono) && __cpp_lib_chrono >= 201907
+using weekday = std::chrono::weekday;
+using day = std::chrono::day;
+using month = std::chrono::month;
+using year = std::chrono::year;
+using year_month_day = std::chrono::year_month_day;
+#else
+// A fallback version of weekday.
+class weekday {
+ private:
+  unsigned char value_;
+
+ public:
+  weekday() = default;
+  constexpr explicit weekday(unsigned wd) noexcept
+      : value_(static_cast<unsigned char>(wd != 7 ? wd : 0)) {}
+  constexpr auto c_encoding() const noexcept -> unsigned { return value_; }
+};
+
+class day {
+ private:
+  unsigned char value_;
+
+ public:
+  day() = default;
+  constexpr explicit day(unsigned d) noexcept
+      : value_(static_cast<unsigned char>(d)) {}
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned() const noexcept { return value_; }
+};
+
+class month {
+ private:
+  unsigned char value_;
+
+ public:
+  month() = default;
+  constexpr explicit month(unsigned m) noexcept
+      : value_(static_cast<unsigned char>(m)) {}
+  constexpr explicit operator unsigned() const noexcept { return value_; }
+};
+
+class year {
+ private:
+  int value_;
+
+ public:
+  year() = default;
+  constexpr explicit year(int y) noexcept : value_(y) {}
+  constexpr explicit operator int() const noexcept { return value_; }
+};
+
+class year_month_day {
+ private:
+  fmt::year year_;
+  fmt::month month_;
+  fmt::day day_;
+
+ public:
+  year_month_day() = default;
+  constexpr year_month_day(const year& y, const month& m, const day& d) noexcept
+      : year_(y), month_(m), day_(d) {}
+  constexpr auto year() const noexcept -> fmt::year { return year_; }
+  constexpr auto month() const noexcept -> fmt::month { return month_; }
+  constexpr auto day() const noexcept -> fmt::day { return day_; }
+};
+#endif
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<weekday, Char> : private formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  bool localized_ = false;
+  bool use_tm_formatter_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    if (it != end && *it == 'L') {
+      ++it;
+      localized_ = true;
+      return it;
+    }
+    use_tm_formatter_ = it != end && *it != '}';
+    return use_tm_formatter_ ? formatter<std::tm, Char>::parse(ctx) : it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(weekday wd, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_wday = static_cast<int>(wd.c_encoding());
+    if (use_tm_formatter_) return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+    detail::get_locale loc(localized_, ctx.locale());
+    auto w = detail::tm_writer<decltype(ctx.out()), Char>(loc, ctx.out(), time);
+    w.on_abbr_weekday();
+    return w.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<day, Char> : private formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  bool use_tm_formatter_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    use_tm_formatter_ = it != end && *it != '}';
+    return use_tm_formatter_ ? formatter<std::tm, Char>::parse(ctx) : it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(day d, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_mday = static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned>(d));
+    if (use_tm_formatter_) return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+    detail::get_locale loc(false, ctx.locale());
+    auto w = detail::tm_writer<decltype(ctx.out()), Char>(loc, ctx.out(), time);
+    w.on_day_of_month(detail::numeric_system::standard, detail::pad_type::zero);
+    return w.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<month, Char> : private formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  bool localized_ = false;
+  bool use_tm_formatter_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    if (it != end && *it == 'L') {
+      ++it;
+      localized_ = true;
+      return it;
+    }
+    use_tm_formatter_ = it != end && *it != '}';
+    return use_tm_formatter_ ? formatter<std::tm, Char>::parse(ctx) : it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(month m, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_mon = static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned>(m)) - 1;
+    if (use_tm_formatter_) return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+    detail::get_locale loc(localized_, ctx.locale());
+    auto w = detail::tm_writer<decltype(ctx.out()), Char>(loc, ctx.out(), time);
+    w.on_abbr_month();
+    return w.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<year, Char> : private formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  bool use_tm_formatter_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    use_tm_formatter_ = it != end && *it != '}';
+    return use_tm_formatter_ ? formatter<std::tm, Char>::parse(ctx) : it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(year y, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_year = static_cast<int>(y) - 1900;
+    if (use_tm_formatter_) return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+    detail::get_locale loc(false, ctx.locale());
+    auto w = detail::tm_writer<decltype(ctx.out()), Char>(loc, ctx.out(), time);
+    w.on_year(detail::numeric_system::standard);
+    return w.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<year_month_day, Char> : private formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  bool use_tm_formatter_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    use_tm_formatter_ = it != end && *it != '}';
+    return use_tm_formatter_ ? formatter<std::tm, Char>::parse(ctx) : it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(year_month_day val, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto time = std::tm();
+    time.tm_year = static_cast<int>(val.year()) - 1900;
+    time.tm_mon = static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned>(val.month())) - 1;
+    time.tm_mday = static_cast<int>(static_cast<unsigned>(val.day()));
+    if (use_tm_formatter_) return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(time, ctx);
+    detail::get_locale loc(true, ctx.locale());
+    auto w = detail::tm_writer<decltype(ctx.out()), Char>(loc, ctx.out(), time);
+    w.on_iso_date();
+    return w.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Rep, typename Period, typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>, Char> {
+ private:
+  format_specs specs_;
+  detail::arg_ref<Char> width_ref_;
+  detail::arg_ref<Char> precision_ref_;
+  bool localized_ = false;
+  basic_string_view<Char> format_str_;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    if (it == end || *it == '}') return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_align(it, end, specs_);
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_dynamic_spec(it, end, specs_.width, width_ref_, ctx);
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    auto checker = detail::chrono_format_checker();
+    if (*it == '.') {
+      checker.has_precision_integral = !std::is_floating_point<Rep>::value;
+      it = detail::parse_precision(it, end, specs_.precision, precision_ref_,
+                                   ctx);
+    }
+    if (it != end && *it == 'L') {
+      localized_ = true;
+      ++it;
+    }
+    end = detail::parse_chrono_format(it, end, checker);
+    format_str_ = {it, detail::to_unsigned(end - it)};
+    return end;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> d, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    auto precision = specs.precision;
+    specs.precision = -1;
+    auto begin = format_str_.begin(), end = format_str_.end();
+    // As a possible future optimization, we could avoid extra copying if width
+    // is not specified.
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    auto out = std::back_inserter(buf);
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width, width_ref_,
+                                                       ctx);
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(precision,
+                                                           precision_ref_, ctx);
+    if (begin == end || *begin == '}') {
+      out = detail::format_duration_value<Char>(out, d.count(), precision);
+      detail::format_duration_unit<Char, Period>(out);
+    } else {
+      using chrono_formatter =
+          detail::chrono_formatter<FormatContext, decltype(out), Rep, Period>;
+      auto f = chrono_formatter(ctx, out, d);
+      f.precision = precision;
+      f.localized = localized_;
+      detail::parse_chrono_format(begin, end, f);
+    }
+    return detail::write(
+        ctx.out(), basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename Duration>
+struct formatter<std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration>,
+                 Char> : formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {
+    this->format_str_ = detail::string_literal<Char, '%', 'F', ' ', '%', 'T'>{};
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration> val,
+              FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    std::tm tm = gmtime(val);
+    using period = typename Duration::period;
+    if (detail::const_check(
+            period::num == 1 && period::den == 1 &&
+            !std::is_floating_point<typename Duration::rep>::value)) {
+      return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(tm, ctx);
+    }
+    Duration epoch = val.time_since_epoch();
+    Duration subsecs = detail::fmt_duration_cast<Duration>(
+        epoch - detail::fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(epoch));
+    if (subsecs.count() < 0) {
+      auto second =
+          detail::fmt_duration_cast<Duration>(std::chrono::seconds(1));
+      if (tm.tm_sec != 0)
+        --tm.tm_sec;
+      else
+        tm = gmtime(val - second);
+      subsecs += detail::fmt_duration_cast<Duration>(std::chrono::seconds(1));
+    }
+    return formatter<std::tm, Char>::do_format(tm, ctx, &subsecs);
+  }
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_LOCAL_TIME
+template <typename Char, typename Duration>
+struct formatter<std::chrono::local_time<Duration>, Char>
+    : formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {
+    this->format_str_ = detail::string_literal<Char, '%', 'F', ' ', '%', 'T'>{};
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(std::chrono::local_time<Duration> val, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    using period = typename Duration::period;
+    if (period::num != 1 || period::den != 1 ||
+        std::is_floating_point<typename Duration::rep>::value) {
+      const auto epoch = val.time_since_epoch();
+      const auto subsecs = detail::fmt_duration_cast<Duration>(
+          epoch - detail::fmt_duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(epoch));
+
+      return formatter<std::tm, Char>::do_format(localtime(val), ctx, &subsecs);
+    }
+
+    return formatter<std::tm, Char>::format(localtime(val), ctx);
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_UTC_TIME
+template <typename Char, typename Duration>
+struct formatter<std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::utc_clock, Duration>,
+                 Char>
+    : formatter<std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration>,
+                Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::utc_clock, Duration> val,
+              FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return formatter<
+        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration>,
+        Char>::format(std::chrono::utc_clock::to_sys(val), ctx);
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::tm, Char> {
+ private:
+  format_specs specs_;
+  detail::arg_ref<Char> width_ref_;
+
+ protected:
+  basic_string_view<Char> format_str_;
+
+  template <typename FormatContext, typename Duration>
+  auto do_format(const std::tm& tm, FormatContext& ctx,
+                 const Duration* subsecs) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    auto out = std::back_inserter(buf);
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width, width_ref_,
+                                                       ctx);
+
+    auto loc_ref = ctx.locale();
+    detail::get_locale loc(static_cast<bool>(loc_ref), loc_ref);
+    auto w =
+        detail::tm_writer<decltype(out), Char, Duration>(loc, out, tm, subsecs);
+    detail::parse_chrono_format(format_str_.begin(), format_str_.end(), w);
+    return detail::write(
+        ctx.out(), basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    if (it == end || *it == '}') return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_align(it, end, specs_);
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_dynamic_spec(it, end, specs_.width, width_ref_, ctx);
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    end = detail::parse_chrono_format(it, end, detail::tm_format_checker());
+    // Replace the default format_str only if the new spec is not empty.
+    if (end != it) format_str_ = {it, detail::to_unsigned(end - it)};
+    return end;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::tm& tm, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return do_format<FormatContext, std::chrono::seconds>(tm, ctx, nullptr);
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_CHRONO_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/color.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/color.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0e9dd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/color.h
@@ -0,0 +1,612 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - color support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2018 - present, Victor Zverovich and fmt contributors
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_COLOR_H_
+#define FMT_COLOR_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+enum class color : uint32_t {
+  alice_blue = 0xF0F8FF,               // rgb(240,248,255)
+  antique_white = 0xFAEBD7,            // rgb(250,235,215)
+  aqua = 0x00FFFF,                     // rgb(0,255,255)
+  aquamarine = 0x7FFFD4,               // rgb(127,255,212)
+  azure = 0xF0FFFF,                    // rgb(240,255,255)
+  beige = 0xF5F5DC,                    // rgb(245,245,220)
+  bisque = 0xFFE4C4,                   // rgb(255,228,196)
+  black = 0x000000,                    // rgb(0,0,0)
+  blanched_almond = 0xFFEBCD,          // rgb(255,235,205)
+  blue = 0x0000FF,                     // rgb(0,0,255)
+  blue_violet = 0x8A2BE2,              // rgb(138,43,226)
+  brown = 0xA52A2A,                    // rgb(165,42,42)
+  burly_wood = 0xDEB887,               // rgb(222,184,135)
+  cadet_blue = 0x5F9EA0,               // rgb(95,158,160)
+  chartreuse = 0x7FFF00,               // rgb(127,255,0)
+  chocolate = 0xD2691E,                // rgb(210,105,30)
+  coral = 0xFF7F50,                    // rgb(255,127,80)
+  cornflower_blue = 0x6495ED,          // rgb(100,149,237)
+  cornsilk = 0xFFF8DC,                 // rgb(255,248,220)
+  crimson = 0xDC143C,                  // rgb(220,20,60)
+  cyan = 0x00FFFF,                     // rgb(0,255,255)
+  dark_blue = 0x00008B,                // rgb(0,0,139)
+  dark_cyan = 0x008B8B,                // rgb(0,139,139)
+  dark_golden_rod = 0xB8860B,          // rgb(184,134,11)
+  dark_gray = 0xA9A9A9,                // rgb(169,169,169)
+  dark_green = 0x006400,               // rgb(0,100,0)
+  dark_khaki = 0xBDB76B,               // rgb(189,183,107)
+  dark_magenta = 0x8B008B,             // rgb(139,0,139)
+  dark_olive_green = 0x556B2F,         // rgb(85,107,47)
+  dark_orange = 0xFF8C00,              // rgb(255,140,0)
+  dark_orchid = 0x9932CC,              // rgb(153,50,204)
+  dark_red = 0x8B0000,                 // rgb(139,0,0)
+  dark_salmon = 0xE9967A,              // rgb(233,150,122)
+  dark_sea_green = 0x8FBC8F,           // rgb(143,188,143)
+  dark_slate_blue = 0x483D8B,          // rgb(72,61,139)
+  dark_slate_gray = 0x2F4F4F,          // rgb(47,79,79)
+  dark_turquoise = 0x00CED1,           // rgb(0,206,209)
+  dark_violet = 0x9400D3,              // rgb(148,0,211)
+  deep_pink = 0xFF1493,                // rgb(255,20,147)
+  deep_sky_blue = 0x00BFFF,            // rgb(0,191,255)
+  dim_gray = 0x696969,                 // rgb(105,105,105)
+  dodger_blue = 0x1E90FF,              // rgb(30,144,255)
+  fire_brick = 0xB22222,               // rgb(178,34,34)
+  floral_white = 0xFFFAF0,             // rgb(255,250,240)
+  forest_green = 0x228B22,             // rgb(34,139,34)
+  fuchsia = 0xFF00FF,                  // rgb(255,0,255)
+  gainsboro = 0xDCDCDC,                // rgb(220,220,220)
+  ghost_white = 0xF8F8FF,              // rgb(248,248,255)
+  gold = 0xFFD700,                     // rgb(255,215,0)
+  golden_rod = 0xDAA520,               // rgb(218,165,32)
+  gray = 0x808080,                     // rgb(128,128,128)
+  green = 0x008000,                    // rgb(0,128,0)
+  green_yellow = 0xADFF2F,             // rgb(173,255,47)
+  honey_dew = 0xF0FFF0,                // rgb(240,255,240)
+  hot_pink = 0xFF69B4,                 // rgb(255,105,180)
+  indian_red = 0xCD5C5C,               // rgb(205,92,92)
+  indigo = 0x4B0082,                   // rgb(75,0,130)
+  ivory = 0xFFFFF0,                    // rgb(255,255,240)
+  khaki = 0xF0E68C,                    // rgb(240,230,140)
+  lavender = 0xE6E6FA,                 // rgb(230,230,250)
+  lavender_blush = 0xFFF0F5,           // rgb(255,240,245)
+  lawn_green = 0x7CFC00,               // rgb(124,252,0)
+  lemon_chiffon = 0xFFFACD,            // rgb(255,250,205)
+  light_blue = 0xADD8E6,               // rgb(173,216,230)
+  light_coral = 0xF08080,              // rgb(240,128,128)
+  light_cyan = 0xE0FFFF,               // rgb(224,255,255)
+  light_golden_rod_yellow = 0xFAFAD2,  // rgb(250,250,210)
+  light_gray = 0xD3D3D3,               // rgb(211,211,211)
+  light_green = 0x90EE90,              // rgb(144,238,144)
+  light_pink = 0xFFB6C1,               // rgb(255,182,193)
+  light_salmon = 0xFFA07A,             // rgb(255,160,122)
+  light_sea_green = 0x20B2AA,          // rgb(32,178,170)
+  light_sky_blue = 0x87CEFA,           // rgb(135,206,250)
+  light_slate_gray = 0x778899,         // rgb(119,136,153)
+  light_steel_blue = 0xB0C4DE,         // rgb(176,196,222)
+  light_yellow = 0xFFFFE0,             // rgb(255,255,224)
+  lime = 0x00FF00,                     // rgb(0,255,0)
+  lime_green = 0x32CD32,               // rgb(50,205,50)
+  linen = 0xFAF0E6,                    // rgb(250,240,230)
+  magenta = 0xFF00FF,                  // rgb(255,0,255)
+  maroon = 0x800000,                   // rgb(128,0,0)
+  medium_aquamarine = 0x66CDAA,        // rgb(102,205,170)
+  medium_blue = 0x0000CD,              // rgb(0,0,205)
+  medium_orchid = 0xBA55D3,            // rgb(186,85,211)
+  medium_purple = 0x9370DB,            // rgb(147,112,219)
+  medium_sea_green = 0x3CB371,         // rgb(60,179,113)
+  medium_slate_blue = 0x7B68EE,        // rgb(123,104,238)
+  medium_spring_green = 0x00FA9A,      // rgb(0,250,154)
+  medium_turquoise = 0x48D1CC,         // rgb(72,209,204)
+  medium_violet_red = 0xC71585,        // rgb(199,21,133)
+  midnight_blue = 0x191970,            // rgb(25,25,112)
+  mint_cream = 0xF5FFFA,               // rgb(245,255,250)
+  misty_rose = 0xFFE4E1,               // rgb(255,228,225)
+  moccasin = 0xFFE4B5,                 // rgb(255,228,181)
+  navajo_white = 0xFFDEAD,             // rgb(255,222,173)
+  navy = 0x000080,                     // rgb(0,0,128)
+  old_lace = 0xFDF5E6,                 // rgb(253,245,230)
+  olive = 0x808000,                    // rgb(128,128,0)
+  olive_drab = 0x6B8E23,               // rgb(107,142,35)
+  orange = 0xFFA500,                   // rgb(255,165,0)
+  orange_red = 0xFF4500,               // rgb(255,69,0)
+  orchid = 0xDA70D6,                   // rgb(218,112,214)
+  pale_golden_rod = 0xEEE8AA,          // rgb(238,232,170)
+  pale_green = 0x98FB98,               // rgb(152,251,152)
+  pale_turquoise = 0xAFEEEE,           // rgb(175,238,238)
+  pale_violet_red = 0xDB7093,          // rgb(219,112,147)
+  papaya_whip = 0xFFEFD5,              // rgb(255,239,213)
+  peach_puff = 0xFFDAB9,               // rgb(255,218,185)
+  peru = 0xCD853F,                     // rgb(205,133,63)
+  pink = 0xFFC0CB,                     // rgb(255,192,203)
+  plum = 0xDDA0DD,                     // rgb(221,160,221)
+  powder_blue = 0xB0E0E6,              // rgb(176,224,230)
+  purple = 0x800080,                   // rgb(128,0,128)
+  rebecca_purple = 0x663399,           // rgb(102,51,153)
+  red = 0xFF0000,                      // rgb(255,0,0)
+  rosy_brown = 0xBC8F8F,               // rgb(188,143,143)
+  royal_blue = 0x4169E1,               // rgb(65,105,225)
+  saddle_brown = 0x8B4513,             // rgb(139,69,19)
+  salmon = 0xFA8072,                   // rgb(250,128,114)
+  sandy_brown = 0xF4A460,              // rgb(244,164,96)
+  sea_green = 0x2E8B57,                // rgb(46,139,87)
+  sea_shell = 0xFFF5EE,                // rgb(255,245,238)
+  sienna = 0xA0522D,                   // rgb(160,82,45)
+  silver = 0xC0C0C0,                   // rgb(192,192,192)
+  sky_blue = 0x87CEEB,                 // rgb(135,206,235)
+  slate_blue = 0x6A5ACD,               // rgb(106,90,205)
+  slate_gray = 0x708090,               // rgb(112,128,144)
+  snow = 0xFFFAFA,                     // rgb(255,250,250)
+  spring_green = 0x00FF7F,             // rgb(0,255,127)
+  steel_blue = 0x4682B4,               // rgb(70,130,180)
+  tan = 0xD2B48C,                      // rgb(210,180,140)
+  teal = 0x008080,                     // rgb(0,128,128)
+  thistle = 0xD8BFD8,                  // rgb(216,191,216)
+  tomato = 0xFF6347,                   // rgb(255,99,71)
+  turquoise = 0x40E0D0,                // rgb(64,224,208)
+  violet = 0xEE82EE,                   // rgb(238,130,238)
+  wheat = 0xF5DEB3,                    // rgb(245,222,179)
+  white = 0xFFFFFF,                    // rgb(255,255,255)
+  white_smoke = 0xF5F5F5,              // rgb(245,245,245)
+  yellow = 0xFFFF00,                   // rgb(255,255,0)
+  yellow_green = 0x9ACD32              // rgb(154,205,50)
+};                                     // enum class color
+
+enum class terminal_color : uint8_t {
+  black = 30,
+  red,
+  green,
+  yellow,
+  blue,
+  magenta,
+  cyan,
+  white,
+  bright_black = 90,
+  bright_red,
+  bright_green,
+  bright_yellow,
+  bright_blue,
+  bright_magenta,
+  bright_cyan,
+  bright_white
+};
+
+enum class emphasis : uint8_t {
+  bold = 1,
+  faint = 1 << 1,
+  italic = 1 << 2,
+  underline = 1 << 3,
+  blink = 1 << 4,
+  reverse = 1 << 5,
+  conceal = 1 << 6,
+  strikethrough = 1 << 7,
+};
+
+// rgb is a struct for red, green and blue colors.
+// Using the name "rgb" makes some editors show the color in a tooltip.
+struct rgb {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR rgb() : r(0), g(0), b(0) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR rgb(uint8_t r_, uint8_t g_, uint8_t b_) : r(r_), g(g_), b(b_) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR rgb(uint32_t hex)
+      : r((hex >> 16) & 0xFF), g((hex >> 8) & 0xFF), b(hex & 0xFF) {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR rgb(color hex)
+      : r((uint32_t(hex) >> 16) & 0xFF),
+        g((uint32_t(hex) >> 8) & 0xFF),
+        b(uint32_t(hex) & 0xFF) {}
+  uint8_t r;
+  uint8_t g;
+  uint8_t b;
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// color is a struct of either a rgb color or a terminal color.
+struct color_type {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR color_type() noexcept : is_rgb(), value{} {}
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR color_type(color rgb_color) noexcept : is_rgb(true), value{} {
+    value.rgb_color = static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR color_type(rgb rgb_color) noexcept : is_rgb(true), value{} {
+    value.rgb_color = (static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color.r) << 16) |
+                      (static_cast<uint32_t>(rgb_color.g) << 8) | rgb_color.b;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR color_type(terminal_color term_color) noexcept
+      : is_rgb(), value{} {
+    value.term_color = static_cast<uint8_t>(term_color);
+  }
+  bool is_rgb;
+  union color_union {
+    uint8_t term_color;
+    uint32_t rgb_color;
+  } value;
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+/// A text style consisting of foreground and background colors and emphasis.
+class text_style {
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR text_style(emphasis em = emphasis()) noexcept
+      : set_foreground_color(), set_background_color(), ems(em) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator|=(const text_style& rhs) -> text_style& {
+    if (!set_foreground_color) {
+      set_foreground_color = rhs.set_foreground_color;
+      foreground_color = rhs.foreground_color;
+    } else if (rhs.set_foreground_color) {
+      if (!foreground_color.is_rgb || !rhs.foreground_color.is_rgb)
+        report_error("can't OR a terminal color");
+      foreground_color.value.rgb_color |= rhs.foreground_color.value.rgb_color;
+    }
+
+    if (!set_background_color) {
+      set_background_color = rhs.set_background_color;
+      background_color = rhs.background_color;
+    } else if (rhs.set_background_color) {
+      if (!background_color.is_rgb || !rhs.background_color.is_rgb)
+        report_error("can't OR a terminal color");
+      background_color.value.rgb_color |= rhs.background_color.value.rgb_color;
+    }
+
+    ems = static_cast<emphasis>(static_cast<uint8_t>(ems) |
+                                static_cast<uint8_t>(rhs.ems));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator|(text_style lhs, const text_style& rhs)
+      -> text_style {
+    return lhs |= rhs;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_foreground() const noexcept -> bool {
+    return set_foreground_color;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_background() const noexcept -> bool {
+    return set_background_color;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_emphasis() const noexcept -> bool {
+    return static_cast<uint8_t>(ems) != 0;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_foreground() const noexcept -> detail::color_type {
+    FMT_ASSERT(has_foreground(), "no foreground specified for this style");
+    return foreground_color;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_background() const noexcept -> detail::color_type {
+    FMT_ASSERT(has_background(), "no background specified for this style");
+    return background_color;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_emphasis() const noexcept -> emphasis {
+    FMT_ASSERT(has_emphasis(), "no emphasis specified for this style");
+    return ems;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR text_style(bool is_foreground,
+                           detail::color_type text_color) noexcept
+      : set_foreground_color(), set_background_color(), ems() {
+    if (is_foreground) {
+      foreground_color = text_color;
+      set_foreground_color = true;
+    } else {
+      background_color = text_color;
+      set_background_color = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fg(detail::color_type foreground) noexcept
+      -> text_style;
+
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR auto bg(detail::color_type background) noexcept
+      -> text_style;
+
+  detail::color_type foreground_color;
+  detail::color_type background_color;
+  bool set_foreground_color;
+  bool set_background_color;
+  emphasis ems;
+};
+
+/// Creates a text style from the foreground (text) color.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto fg(detail::color_type foreground) noexcept
+    -> text_style {
+  return text_style(true, foreground);
+}
+
+/// Creates a text style from the background color.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto bg(detail::color_type background) noexcept
+    -> text_style {
+  return text_style(false, background);
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto operator|(emphasis lhs, emphasis rhs) noexcept
+    -> text_style {
+  return text_style(lhs) | rhs;
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char> struct ansi_color_escape {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR ansi_color_escape(detail::color_type text_color,
+                                  const char* esc) noexcept {
+    // If we have a terminal color, we need to output another escape code
+    // sequence.
+    if (!text_color.is_rgb) {
+      bool is_background = esc == string_view("\x1b[48;2;");
+      uint32_t value = text_color.value.term_color;
+      // Background ASCII codes are the same as the foreground ones but with
+      // 10 more.
+      if (is_background) value += 10u;
+
+      size_t index = 0;
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('\x1b');
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('[');
+
+      if (value >= 100u) {
+        buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('1');
+        value %= 100u;
+      }
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + value / 10u);
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + value % 10u);
+
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('m');
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('\0');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
+      buffer[i] = static_cast<Char>(esc[i]);
+    }
+    rgb color(text_color.value.rgb_color);
+    to_esc(color.r, buffer + 7, ';');
+    to_esc(color.g, buffer + 11, ';');
+    to_esc(color.b, buffer + 15, 'm');
+    buffer[19] = static_cast<Char>(0);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR ansi_color_escape(emphasis em) noexcept {
+    uint8_t em_codes[num_emphases] = {};
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::bold)) em_codes[0] = 1;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::faint)) em_codes[1] = 2;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::italic)) em_codes[2] = 3;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::underline)) em_codes[3] = 4;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::blink)) em_codes[4] = 5;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::reverse)) em_codes[5] = 7;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::conceal)) em_codes[6] = 8;
+    if (has_emphasis(em, emphasis::strikethrough)) em_codes[7] = 9;
+
+    size_t index = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_emphases; ++i) {
+      if (!em_codes[i]) continue;
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('\x1b');
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('[');
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('0' + em_codes[i]);
+      buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>('m');
+    }
+    buffer[index++] = static_cast<Char>(0);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR operator const Char*() const noexcept { return buffer; }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto begin() const noexcept -> const Char* { return buffer; }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto end() const noexcept -> const Char* {
+    return buffer + basic_string_view<Char>(buffer).size();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  static constexpr size_t num_emphases = 8;
+  Char buffer[7u + 3u * num_emphases + 1u];
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR void to_esc(uint8_t c, Char* out,
+                                   char delimiter) noexcept {
+    out[0] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c / 100);
+    out[1] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c / 10 % 10);
+    out[2] = static_cast<Char>('0' + c % 10);
+    out[3] = static_cast<Char>(delimiter);
+  }
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR auto has_emphasis(emphasis em, emphasis mask) noexcept
+      -> bool {
+    return static_cast<uint8_t>(em) & static_cast<uint8_t>(mask);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_foreground_color(detail::color_type foreground) noexcept
+    -> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
+  return ansi_color_escape<Char>(foreground, "\x1b[38;2;");
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_background_color(detail::color_type background) noexcept
+    -> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
+  return ansi_color_escape<Char>(background, "\x1b[48;2;");
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_emphasis(emphasis em) noexcept
+    -> ansi_color_escape<Char> {
+  return ansi_color_escape<Char>(em);
+}
+
+template <typename Char> inline void reset_color(buffer<Char>& buffer) {
+  auto reset_color = string_view("\x1b[0m");
+  buffer.append(reset_color.begin(), reset_color.end());
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct styled_arg : detail::view {
+  const T& value;
+  text_style style;
+  styled_arg(const T& v, text_style s) : value(v), style(s) {}
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+void vformat_to(
+    buffer<Char>& buf, const text_style& ts, basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+    basic_format_args<buffered_context<type_identity_t<Char>>> args) {
+  bool has_style = false;
+  if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
+    has_style = true;
+    auto emphasis = detail::make_emphasis<Char>(ts.get_emphasis());
+    buf.append(emphasis.begin(), emphasis.end());
+  }
+  if (ts.has_foreground()) {
+    has_style = true;
+    auto foreground = detail::make_foreground_color<Char>(ts.get_foreground());
+    buf.append(foreground.begin(), foreground.end());
+  }
+  if (ts.has_background()) {
+    has_style = true;
+    auto background = detail::make_background_color<Char>(ts.get_background());
+    buf.append(background.begin(), background.end());
+  }
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, format_str, args, {});
+  if (has_style) detail::reset_color<Char>(buf);
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+inline void vprint(FILE* f, const text_style& ts, string_view fmt,
+                   format_args args) {
+  auto buf = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
+  print(f, FMT_STRING("{}"), string_view(buf.begin(), buf.size()));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats a string and prints it to the specified file stream using ANSI
+ * escape sequences to specify text formatting.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
+ *                "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+void print(FILE* f, const text_style& ts, format_string<T...> fmt,
+           T&&... args) {
+  vprint(f, ts, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats a string and prints it to stdout using ANSI escape sequences to
+ * specify text formatting.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
+ *                "Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds", 1.23);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+void print(const text_style& ts, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return print(stdout, ts, fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...);
+}
+
+inline auto vformat(const text_style& ts, string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> std::string {
+  auto buf = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
+  return fmt::to_string(buf);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats arguments and returns the result as a string using ANSI escape
+ * sequences to specify text formatting.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * #include <fmt/color.h>
+ * std::string message = fmt::format(fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red),
+ *                                   "The answer is {}", 42);
+ * ```
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+inline auto format(const text_style& ts, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> std::string {
+  return fmt::vformat(ts, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+/// Formats a string with the given text_style and writes the output to `out`.
+template <typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
+auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const text_style& ts, string_view fmt,
+                format_args args) -> OutputIt {
+  auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<char>(out);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats arguments with the given text style, writes the result to the output
+ * iterator `out` and returns the iterator past the end of the output range.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     std::vector<char> out;
+ *     fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out),
+ *                    fmt::emphasis::bold | fg(fmt::color::red), "{}", 42);
+ */
+template <typename OutputIt, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value)>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const text_style& ts,
+                      format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
+  return vformat_to(out, ts, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<detail::styled_arg<T>, Char> : formatter<T, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const detail::styled_arg<T>& arg, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    const auto& ts = arg.style;
+    const auto& value = arg.value;
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+
+    bool has_style = false;
+    if (ts.has_emphasis()) {
+      has_style = true;
+      auto emphasis = detail::make_emphasis<Char>(ts.get_emphasis());
+      out = std::copy(emphasis.begin(), emphasis.end(), out);
+    }
+    if (ts.has_foreground()) {
+      has_style = true;
+      auto foreground =
+          detail::make_foreground_color<Char>(ts.get_foreground());
+      out = std::copy(foreground.begin(), foreground.end(), out);
+    }
+    if (ts.has_background()) {
+      has_style = true;
+      auto background =
+          detail::make_background_color<Char>(ts.get_background());
+      out = std::copy(background.begin(), background.end(), out);
+    }
+    out = formatter<T, Char>::format(value, ctx);
+    if (has_style) {
+      auto reset_color = string_view("\x1b[0m");
+      out = std::copy(reset_color.begin(), reset_color.end(), out);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns an argument that will be formatted using ANSI escape sequences,
+ * to be used in a formatting function.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("Elapsed time: {0:.2f} seconds",
+ *                fmt::styled(1.23, fmt::fg(fmt::color::green) |
+ *                                  fmt::bg(fmt::color::blue)));
+ */
+template <typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto styled(const T& value, text_style ts)
+    -> detail::styled_arg<remove_cvref_t<T>> {
+  return detail::styled_arg<remove_cvref_t<T>>{value, ts};
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_COLOR_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/compile.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/compile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2afc2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/compile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - experimental format string compilation
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and fmt contributors
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_COMPILE_H_
+#define FMT_COMPILE_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <iterator>  // std::back_inserter
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+// A compile-time string which is compiled into fast formatting code.
+FMT_EXPORT class compiled_string {};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T, typename InputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto copy(InputIt begin, InputIt end, counting_iterator it)
+    -> counting_iterator {
+  return it + (end - begin);
+}
+
+template <typename S>
+struct is_compiled_string : std::is_base_of<compiled_string, S> {};
+
+/**
+ * Converts a string literal `s` into a format string that will be parsed at
+ * compile time and converted into efficient formatting code. Requires C++17
+ * `constexpr if` compiler support.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     // Converts 42 into std::string using the most efficient method and no
+ *     // runtime format string processing.
+ *     std::string s = fmt::format(FMT_COMPILE("{}"), 42);
+ */
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
+#  define FMT_COMPILE(s) FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, fmt::compiled_string, explicit)
+#else
+#  define FMT_COMPILE(s) FMT_STRING(s)
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+template <typename Char, size_t N,
+          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
+struct udl_compiled_string : compiled_string {
+  using char_type = Char;
+  explicit constexpr operator basic_string_view<char_type>() const {
+    return {Str.data, N - 1};
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+template <typename T, typename... Tail>
+auto first(const T& value, const Tail&...) -> const T& {
+  return value;
+}
+
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
+template <typename... Args> struct type_list {};
+
+// Returns a reference to the argument at index N from [first, rest...].
+template <int N, typename T, typename... Args>
+constexpr const auto& get([[maybe_unused]] const T& first,
+                          [[maybe_unused]] const Args&... rest) {
+  static_assert(N < 1 + sizeof...(Args), "index is out of bounds");
+  if constexpr (N == 0)
+    return first;
+  else
+    return detail::get<N - 1>(rest...);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename... Args>
+constexpr int get_arg_index_by_name(basic_string_view<Char> name,
+                                    type_list<Args...>) {
+  return get_arg_index_by_name<Args...>(name);
+}
+
+template <int N, typename> struct get_type_impl;
+
+template <int N, typename... Args> struct get_type_impl<N, type_list<Args...>> {
+  using type =
+      remove_cvref_t<decltype(detail::get<N>(std::declval<Args>()...))>;
+};
+
+template <int N, typename T>
+using get_type = typename get_type_impl<N, T>::type;
+
+template <typename T> struct is_compiled_format : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename Char> struct text {
+  basic_string_view<Char> data;
+  using char_type = Char;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&...) const {
+    return write<Char>(out, data);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_compiled_format<text<Char>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename Char>
+constexpr text<Char> make_text(basic_string_view<Char> s, size_t pos,
+                               size_t size) {
+  return {{&s[pos], size}};
+}
+
+template <typename Char> struct code_unit {
+  Char value;
+  using char_type = Char;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&...) const {
+    *out++ = value;
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+// This ensures that the argument type is convertible to `const T&`.
+template <typename T, int N, typename... Args>
+constexpr const T& get_arg_checked(const Args&... args) {
+  const auto& arg = detail::get<N>(args...);
+  if constexpr (detail::is_named_arg<remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg)>>()) {
+    return arg.value;
+  } else {
+    return arg;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_compiled_format<code_unit<Char>> : std::true_type {};
+
+// A replacement field that refers to argument N.
+template <typename Char, typename T, int N> struct field {
+  using char_type = Char;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&... args) const {
+    const T& arg = get_arg_checked<T, N>(args...);
+    if constexpr (std::is_convertible<T, basic_string_view<Char>>::value) {
+      auto s = basic_string_view<Char>(arg);
+      return copy<Char>(s.begin(), s.end(), out);
+    }
+    return write<Char>(out, arg);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename T, int N>
+struct is_compiled_format<field<Char, T, N>> : std::true_type {};
+
+// A replacement field that refers to argument with name.
+template <typename Char> struct runtime_named_field {
+  using char_type = Char;
+  basic_string_view<Char> name;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename T>
+  constexpr static bool try_format_argument(
+      OutputIt& out,
+      // [[maybe_unused]] due to unused-but-set-parameter warning in GCC 7,8,9
+      [[maybe_unused]] basic_string_view<Char> arg_name, const T& arg) {
+    if constexpr (is_named_arg<typename std::remove_cv<T>::type>::value) {
+      if (arg_name == arg.name) {
+        out = write<Char>(out, arg.value);
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&... args) const {
+    bool found = (try_format_argument(out, name, args) || ...);
+    if (!found) {
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("argument with specified name is not found"));
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct is_compiled_format<runtime_named_field<Char>> : std::true_type {};
+
+// A replacement field that refers to argument N and has format specifiers.
+template <typename Char, typename T, int N> struct spec_field {
+  using char_type = Char;
+  formatter<T, Char> fmt;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr FMT_INLINE OutputIt format(OutputIt out,
+                                       const Args&... args) const {
+    const auto& vargs =
+        fmt::make_format_args<basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>(args...);
+    basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char> ctx(out, vargs);
+    return fmt.format(get_arg_checked<T, N>(args...), ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename T, int N>
+struct is_compiled_format<spec_field<Char, T, N>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename L, typename R> struct concat {
+  L lhs;
+  R rhs;
+  using char_type = typename L::char_type;
+
+  template <typename OutputIt, typename... Args>
+  constexpr OutputIt format(OutputIt out, const Args&... args) const {
+    out = lhs.format(out, args...);
+    return rhs.format(out, args...);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+struct is_compiled_format<concat<L, R>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename L, typename R>
+constexpr concat<L, R> make_concat(L lhs, R rhs) {
+  return {lhs, rhs};
+}
+
+struct unknown_format {};
+
+template <typename Char>
+constexpr size_t parse_text(basic_string_view<Char> str, size_t pos) {
+  for (size_t size = str.size(); pos != size; ++pos) {
+    if (str[pos] == '{' || str[pos] == '}') break;
+  }
+  return pos;
+}
+
+template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename S>
+constexpr auto compile_format_string(S fmt);
+
+template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename T, typename S>
+constexpr auto parse_tail(T head, S fmt) {
+  if constexpr (POS != basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(fmt).size()) {
+    constexpr auto tail = compile_format_string<Args, POS, ID>(fmt);
+    if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(tail)>,
+                               unknown_format>())
+      return tail;
+    else
+      return make_concat(head, tail);
+  } else {
+    return head;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Char> struct parse_specs_result {
+  formatter<T, Char> fmt;
+  size_t end;
+  int next_arg_id;
+};
+
+enum { manual_indexing_id = -1 };
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+constexpr parse_specs_result<T, Char> parse_specs(basic_string_view<Char> str,
+                                                  size_t pos, int next_arg_id) {
+  str.remove_prefix(pos);
+  auto ctx =
+      compile_parse_context<Char>(str, max_value<int>(), nullptr, next_arg_id);
+  auto f = formatter<T, Char>();
+  auto end = f.parse(ctx);
+  return {f, pos + fmt::detail::to_unsigned(end - str.data()),
+          next_arg_id == 0 ? manual_indexing_id : ctx.next_arg_id()};
+}
+
+template <typename Char> struct arg_id_handler {
+  arg_ref<Char> arg_id;
+
+  constexpr int on_auto() {
+    FMT_ASSERT(false, "handler cannot be used with automatic indexing");
+    return 0;
+  }
+  constexpr int on_index(int id) {
+    arg_id = arg_ref<Char>(id);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  constexpr int on_name(basic_string_view<Char> id) {
+    arg_id = arg_ref<Char>(id);
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char> struct parse_arg_id_result {
+  arg_ref<Char> arg_id;
+  const Char* arg_id_end;
+};
+
+template <int ID, typename Char>
+constexpr auto parse_arg_id(const Char* begin, const Char* end) {
+  auto handler = arg_id_handler<Char>{arg_ref<Char>{}};
+  auto arg_id_end = parse_arg_id(begin, end, handler);
+  return parse_arg_id_result<Char>{handler.arg_id, arg_id_end};
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void> struct field_type {
+  using type = remove_cvref_t<T>;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct field_type<T, enable_if_t<detail::is_named_arg<T>::value>> {
+  using type = remove_cvref_t<decltype(T::value)>;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Args, size_t END_POS, int ARG_INDEX, int NEXT_ID,
+          typename S>
+constexpr auto parse_replacement_field_then_tail(S fmt) {
+  using char_type = typename S::char_type;
+  constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<char_type>(fmt);
+  constexpr char_type c = END_POS != str.size() ? str[END_POS] : char_type();
+  if constexpr (c == '}') {
+    return parse_tail<Args, END_POS + 1, NEXT_ID>(
+        field<char_type, typename field_type<T>::type, ARG_INDEX>(), fmt);
+  } else if constexpr (c != ':') {
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("expected ':'"));
+  } else {
+    constexpr auto result = parse_specs<typename field_type<T>::type>(
+        str, END_POS + 1, NEXT_ID == manual_indexing_id ? 0 : NEXT_ID);
+    if constexpr (result.end >= str.size() || str[result.end] != '}') {
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("expected '}'"));
+      return 0;
+    } else {
+      return parse_tail<Args, result.end + 1, result.next_arg_id>(
+          spec_field<char_type, typename field_type<T>::type, ARG_INDEX>{
+              result.fmt},
+          fmt);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Compiles a non-empty format string and returns the compiled representation
+// or unknown_format() on unrecognized input.
+template <typename Args, size_t POS, int ID, typename S>
+constexpr auto compile_format_string(S fmt) {
+  using char_type = typename S::char_type;
+  constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<char_type>(fmt);
+  if constexpr (str[POS] == '{') {
+    if constexpr (POS + 1 == str.size())
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("unmatched '{' in format string"));
+    if constexpr (str[POS + 1] == '{') {
+      return parse_tail<Args, POS + 2, ID>(make_text(str, POS, 1), fmt);
+    } else if constexpr (str[POS + 1] == '}' || str[POS + 1] == ':') {
+      static_assert(ID != manual_indexing_id,
+                    "cannot switch from manual to automatic argument indexing");
+      constexpr auto next_id =
+          ID != manual_indexing_id ? ID + 1 : manual_indexing_id;
+      return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<get_type<ID, Args>, Args,
+                                               POS + 1, ID, next_id>(fmt);
+    } else {
+      constexpr auto arg_id_result =
+          parse_arg_id<ID>(str.data() + POS + 1, str.data() + str.size());
+      constexpr auto arg_id_end_pos = arg_id_result.arg_id_end - str.data();
+      constexpr char_type c =
+          arg_id_end_pos != str.size() ? str[arg_id_end_pos] : char_type();
+      static_assert(c == '}' || c == ':', "missing '}' in format string");
+      if constexpr (arg_id_result.arg_id.kind == arg_id_kind::index) {
+        static_assert(
+            ID == manual_indexing_id || ID == 0,
+            "cannot switch from automatic to manual argument indexing");
+        constexpr auto arg_index = arg_id_result.arg_id.val.index;
+        return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<get_type<arg_index, Args>,
+                                                 Args, arg_id_end_pos,
+                                                 arg_index, manual_indexing_id>(
+            fmt);
+      } else if constexpr (arg_id_result.arg_id.kind == arg_id_kind::name) {
+        constexpr auto arg_index =
+            get_arg_index_by_name(arg_id_result.arg_id.val.name, Args{});
+        if constexpr (arg_index >= 0) {
+          constexpr auto next_id =
+              ID != manual_indexing_id ? ID + 1 : manual_indexing_id;
+          return parse_replacement_field_then_tail<
+              decltype(get_type<arg_index, Args>::value), Args, arg_id_end_pos,
+              arg_index, next_id>(fmt);
+        } else if constexpr (c == '}') {
+          return parse_tail<Args, arg_id_end_pos + 1, ID>(
+              runtime_named_field<char_type>{arg_id_result.arg_id.val.name},
+              fmt);
+        } else if constexpr (c == ':') {
+          return unknown_format();  // no type info for specs parsing
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else if constexpr (str[POS] == '}') {
+    if constexpr (POS + 1 == str.size())
+      FMT_THROW(format_error("unmatched '}' in format string"));
+    return parse_tail<Args, POS + 2, ID>(make_text(str, POS, 1), fmt);
+  } else {
+    constexpr auto end = parse_text(str, POS + 1);
+    if constexpr (end - POS > 1) {
+      return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(make_text(str, POS, end - POS), fmt);
+    } else {
+      return parse_tail<Args, end, ID>(code_unit<char_type>{str[POS]}, fmt);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename... Args, typename S,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+constexpr auto compile(S fmt) {
+  constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(fmt);
+  if constexpr (str.size() == 0) {
+    return detail::make_text(str, 0, 0);
+  } else {
+    constexpr auto result =
+        detail::compile_format_string<detail::type_list<Args...>, 0, 0>(fmt);
+    return result;
+  }
+}
+#endif  // defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+#if defined(__cpp_if_constexpr) && defined(__cpp_return_type_deduction)
+
+template <typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args,
+          typename Char = typename CompiledFormat::char_type,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_format<CompiledFormat>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<Char> format(const CompiledFormat& cf,
+                                          const Args&... args) {
+  auto s = std::basic_string<Char>();
+  cf.format(std::back_inserter(s), args...);
+  return s;
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename CompiledFormat, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_format<CompiledFormat>::value)>
+constexpr FMT_INLINE OutputIt format_to(OutputIt out, const CompiledFormat& cf,
+                                        const Args&... args) {
+  return cf.format(out, args...);
+}
+
+template <typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE std::basic_string<typename S::char_type> format(const S&,
+                                                           Args&&... args) {
+  if constexpr (std::is_same<typename S::char_type, char>::value) {
+    constexpr auto str = basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>(S());
+    if constexpr (str.size() == 2 && str[0] == '{' && str[1] == '}') {
+      const auto& first = detail::first(args...);
+      if constexpr (detail::is_named_arg<
+                        remove_cvref_t<decltype(first)>>::value) {
+        return fmt::to_string(first.value);
+      } else {
+        return fmt::to_string(first);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<Args...>(S());
+  if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(compiled)>,
+                             detail::unknown_format>()) {
+    return fmt::format(
+        static_cast<basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>>(S()),
+        std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  } else {
+    return fmt::format(compiled, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR OutputIt format_to(OutputIt out, const S&, Args&&... args) {
+  constexpr auto compiled = detail::compile<Args...>(S());
+  if constexpr (std::is_same<remove_cvref_t<decltype(compiled)>,
+                             detail::unknown_format>()) {
+    return fmt::format_to(
+        out, static_cast<basic_string_view<typename S::char_type>>(S()),
+        std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  } else {
+    return fmt::format_to(out, compiled, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  }
+}
+#endif
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& fmt, Args&&... args)
+    -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
+  using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
+  auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, char, traits>(out, n);
+  fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buf), fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+  return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
+}
+
+template <typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto formatted_size(const S& fmt, const Args&... args)
+    -> size_t {
+  return fmt::format_to(detail::counting_iterator(), fmt, args...).count();
+}
+
+template <typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+void print(std::FILE* f, const S& fmt, const Args&... args) {
+  memory_buffer buffer;
+  fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(buffer), fmt, args...);
+  detail::print(f, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()});
+}
+
+template <typename S, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_compiled_string<S>::value)>
+void print(const S& fmt, const Args&... args) {
+  print(stdout, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+inline namespace literals {
+template <detail_exported::fixed_string Str> constexpr auto operator""_cf() {
+  using char_t = remove_cvref_t<decltype(Str.data[0])>;
+  return detail::udl_compiled_string<char_t, sizeof(Str.data) / sizeof(char_t),
+                                     Str>();
+}
+}  // namespace literals
+#endif
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_COMPILE_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/core.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/core.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ca735f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// This file is only provided for compatibility and may be removed in future
+// versions. Use fmt/base.h if you don't need fmt::format and fmt/format.h
+// otherwise.
+
+#include "format.h"
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format-inl.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format-inl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a887483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format-inl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,1928 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - implementation
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
+#define FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <algorithm>
+#  include <cerrno>  // errno
+#  include <climits>
+#  include <cmath>
+#  include <exception>
+
+#  if !defined(FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR)
+#    include <locale>
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(FMT_USE_WRITE_CONSOLE)
+#  include <io.h>  // _isatty
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+FMT_FUNC void assert_fail(const char* file, int line, const char* message) {
+  // Use unchecked std::fprintf to avoid triggering another assertion when
+  // writing to stderr fails
+  std::fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: assertion failed: %s", file, line, message);
+  // Chosen instead of std::abort to satisfy Clang in CUDA mode during device
+  // code pass.
+  std::terminate();
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void format_error_code(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                                string_view message) noexcept {
+  // Report error code making sure that the output fits into
+  // inline_buffer_size to avoid dynamic memory allocation and potential
+  // bad_alloc.
+  out.try_resize(0);
+  static const char SEP[] = ": ";
+  static const char ERROR_STR[] = "error ";
+  // Subtract 2 to account for terminating null characters in SEP and ERROR_STR.
+  size_t error_code_size = sizeof(SEP) + sizeof(ERROR_STR) - 2;
+  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<int>>(error_code);
+  if (detail::is_negative(error_code)) {
+    abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+    ++error_code_size;
+  }
+  error_code_size += detail::to_unsigned(detail::count_digits(abs_value));
+  auto it = appender(out);
+  if (message.size() <= inline_buffer_size - error_code_size)
+    fmt::format_to(it, FMT_STRING("{}{}"), message, SEP);
+  fmt::format_to(it, FMT_STRING("{}{}"), ERROR_STR, error_code);
+  FMT_ASSERT(out.size() <= inline_buffer_size, "");
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void report_error(format_func func, int error_code,
+                           const char* message) noexcept {
+  memory_buffer full_message;
+  func(full_message, error_code, message);
+  // Don't use fwrite_fully because the latter may throw.
+  if (std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr) > 0)
+    std::fputc('\n', stderr);
+}
+
+// A wrapper around fwrite that throws on error.
+inline void fwrite_fully(const void* ptr, size_t count, FILE* stream) {
+  size_t written = std::fwrite(ptr, 1, count, stream);
+  if (written < count)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
+}
+
+#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+template <typename Locale>
+locale_ref::locale_ref(const Locale& loc) : locale_(&loc) {
+  static_assert(std::is_same<Locale, std::locale>::value, "");
+}
+
+template <typename Locale> auto locale_ref::get() const -> Locale {
+  static_assert(std::is_same<Locale, std::locale>::value, "");
+  return locale_ ? *static_cast<const std::locale*>(locale_) : std::locale();
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_FUNC auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
+  auto& facet = std::use_facet<std::numpunct<Char>>(loc.get<std::locale>());
+  auto grouping = facet.grouping();
+  auto thousands_sep = grouping.empty() ? Char() : facet.thousands_sep();
+  return {std::move(grouping), thousands_sep};
+}
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_FUNC auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref loc) -> Char {
+  return std::use_facet<std::numpunct<Char>>(loc.get<std::locale>())
+      .decimal_point();
+}
+#else
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_FUNC auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
+  return {"\03", FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR};
+}
+template <typename Char> FMT_FUNC Char decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) {
+  return '.';
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_FUNC auto write_loc(appender out, loc_value value,
+                        const format_specs& specs, locale_ref loc) -> bool {
+#ifdef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+  value.visit(loc_writer<>{
+      out, specs, std::string(1, FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR), "\3", "."});
+  return true;
+#else
+  auto locale = loc.get<std::locale>();
+  // We cannot use the num_put<char> facet because it may produce output in
+  // a wrong encoding.
+  using facet = format_facet<std::locale>;
+  if (std::has_facet<facet>(locale))
+    return std::use_facet<facet>(locale).put(out, value, specs);
+  return facet(locale).put(out, value, specs);
+#endif
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_FUNC void report_error(const char* message) {
+  FMT_THROW(format_error(message));
+}
+
+template <typename Locale> typename Locale::id format_facet<Locale>::id;
+
+#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+template <typename Locale> format_facet<Locale>::format_facet(Locale& loc) {
+  auto& numpunct = std::use_facet<std::numpunct<char>>(loc);
+  grouping_ = numpunct.grouping();
+  if (!grouping_.empty()) separator_ = std::string(1, numpunct.thousands_sep());
+}
+
+template <>
+FMT_API FMT_FUNC auto format_facet<std::locale>::do_put(
+    appender out, loc_value val, const format_specs& specs) const -> bool {
+  return val.visit(
+      detail::loc_writer<>{out, specs, separator_, grouping_, decimal_point_});
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_FUNC auto vsystem_error(int error_code, string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> std::system_error {
+  auto ec = std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category());
+  return std::system_error(ec, vformat(fmt, args));
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename F>
+inline auto operator==(basic_fp<F> x, basic_fp<F> y) -> bool {
+  return x.f == y.f && x.e == y.e;
+}
+
+// Compilers should be able to optimize this into the ror instruction.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto rotr(uint32_t n, uint32_t r) noexcept -> uint32_t {
+  r &= 31;
+  return (n >> r) | (n << (32 - r));
+}
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto rotr(uint64_t n, uint32_t r) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+  r &= 63;
+  return (n >> r) | (n << (64 - r));
+}
+
+// Implementation of Dragonbox algorithm: https://github.com/jk-jeon/dragonbox.
+namespace dragonbox {
+// Computes upper 64 bits of multiplication of a 32-bit unsigned integer and a
+// 64-bit unsigned integer.
+inline auto umul96_upper64(uint32_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+  return umul128_upper64(static_cast<uint64_t>(x) << 32, y);
+}
+
+// Computes lower 128 bits of multiplication of a 64-bit unsigned integer and a
+// 128-bit unsigned integer.
+inline auto umul192_lower128(uint64_t x, uint128_fallback y) noexcept
+    -> uint128_fallback {
+  uint64_t high = x * y.high();
+  uint128_fallback high_low = umul128(x, y.low());
+  return {high + high_low.high(), high_low.low()};
+}
+
+// Computes lower 64 bits of multiplication of a 32-bit unsigned integer and a
+// 64-bit unsigned integer.
+inline auto umul96_lower64(uint32_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+  return x * y;
+}
+
+// Various fast log computations.
+inline auto floor_log10_pow2_minus_log10_4_over_3(int e) noexcept -> int {
+  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 2936 && e >= -2985, "too large exponent");
+  return (e * 631305 - 261663) >> 21;
+}
+
+FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr struct {
+  uint32_t divisor;
+  int shift_amount;
+} div_small_pow10_infos[] = {{10, 16}, {100, 16}};
+
+// Replaces n by floor(n / pow(10, N)) returning true if and only if n is
+// divisible by pow(10, N).
+// Precondition: n <= pow(10, N + 1).
+template <int N>
+auto check_divisibility_and_divide_by_pow10(uint32_t& n) noexcept -> bool {
+  // The numbers below are chosen such that:
+  //   1. floor(n/d) = floor(nm / 2^k) where d=10 or d=100,
+  //   2. nm mod 2^k < m if and only if n is divisible by d,
+  // where m is magic_number, k is shift_amount
+  // and d is divisor.
+  //
+  // Item 1 is a common technique of replacing division by a constant with
+  // multiplication, see e.g. "Division by Invariant Integers Using
+  // Multiplication" by Granlund and Montgomery (1994). magic_number (m) is set
+  // to ceil(2^k/d) for large enough k.
+  // The idea for item 2 originates from Schubfach.
+  constexpr auto info = div_small_pow10_infos[N - 1];
+  FMT_ASSERT(n <= info.divisor * 10, "n is too large");
+  constexpr uint32_t magic_number =
+      (1u << info.shift_amount) / info.divisor + 1;
+  n *= magic_number;
+  const uint32_t comparison_mask = (1u << info.shift_amount) - 1;
+  bool result = (n & comparison_mask) < magic_number;
+  n >>= info.shift_amount;
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Computes floor(n / pow(10, N)) for small n and N.
+// Precondition: n <= pow(10, N + 1).
+template <int N> auto small_division_by_pow10(uint32_t n) noexcept -> uint32_t {
+  constexpr auto info = div_small_pow10_infos[N - 1];
+  FMT_ASSERT(n <= info.divisor * 10, "n is too large");
+  constexpr uint32_t magic_number =
+      (1u << info.shift_amount) / info.divisor + 1;
+  return (n * magic_number) >> info.shift_amount;
+}
+
+// Computes floor(n / 10^(kappa + 1)) (float)
+inline auto divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(uint32_t n) noexcept -> uint32_t {
+  // 1374389535 = ceil(2^37/100)
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(n) * 1374389535) >> 37);
+}
+// Computes floor(n / 10^(kappa + 1)) (double)
+inline auto divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(uint64_t n) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+  // 2361183241434822607 = ceil(2^(64+7)/1000)
+  return umul128_upper64(n, 2361183241434822607ull) >> 7;
+}
+
+// Various subroutines using pow10 cache
+template <typename T> struct cache_accessor;
+
+template <> struct cache_accessor<float> {
+  using carrier_uint = float_info<float>::carrier_uint;
+  using cache_entry_type = uint64_t;
+
+  static auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+    FMT_ASSERT(k >= float_info<float>::min_k && k <= float_info<float>::max_k,
+               "k is out of range");
+    static constexpr const uint64_t pow10_significands[] = {
+        0x81ceb32c4b43fcf5, 0xa2425ff75e14fc32, 0xcad2f7f5359a3b3f,
+        0xfd87b5f28300ca0e, 0x9e74d1b791e07e49, 0xc612062576589ddb,
+        0xf79687aed3eec552, 0x9abe14cd44753b53, 0xc16d9a0095928a28,
+        0xf1c90080baf72cb2, 0x971da05074da7bef, 0xbce5086492111aeb,
+        0xec1e4a7db69561a6, 0x9392ee8e921d5d08, 0xb877aa3236a4b44a,
+        0xe69594bec44de15c, 0x901d7cf73ab0acda, 0xb424dc35095cd810,
+        0xe12e13424bb40e14, 0x8cbccc096f5088cc, 0xafebff0bcb24aaff,
+        0xdbe6fecebdedd5bf, 0x89705f4136b4a598, 0xabcc77118461cefd,
+        0xd6bf94d5e57a42bd, 0x8637bd05af6c69b6, 0xa7c5ac471b478424,
+        0xd1b71758e219652c, 0x83126e978d4fdf3c, 0xa3d70a3d70a3d70b,
+        0xcccccccccccccccd, 0x8000000000000000, 0xa000000000000000,
+        0xc800000000000000, 0xfa00000000000000, 0x9c40000000000000,
+        0xc350000000000000, 0xf424000000000000, 0x9896800000000000,
+        0xbebc200000000000, 0xee6b280000000000, 0x9502f90000000000,
+        0xba43b74000000000, 0xe8d4a51000000000, 0x9184e72a00000000,
+        0xb5e620f480000000, 0xe35fa931a0000000, 0x8e1bc9bf04000000,
+        0xb1a2bc2ec5000000, 0xde0b6b3a76400000, 0x8ac7230489e80000,
+        0xad78ebc5ac620000, 0xd8d726b7177a8000, 0x878678326eac9000,
+        0xa968163f0a57b400, 0xd3c21bcecceda100, 0x84595161401484a0,
+        0xa56fa5b99019a5c8, 0xcecb8f27f4200f3a, 0x813f3978f8940985,
+        0xa18f07d736b90be6, 0xc9f2c9cd04674edf, 0xfc6f7c4045812297,
+        0x9dc5ada82b70b59e, 0xc5371912364ce306, 0xf684df56c3e01bc7,
+        0x9a130b963a6c115d, 0xc097ce7bc90715b4, 0xf0bdc21abb48db21,
+        0x96769950b50d88f5, 0xbc143fa4e250eb32, 0xeb194f8e1ae525fe,
+        0x92efd1b8d0cf37bf, 0xb7abc627050305ae, 0xe596b7b0c643c71a,
+        0x8f7e32ce7bea5c70, 0xb35dbf821ae4f38c, 0xe0352f62a19e306f};
+    return pow10_significands[k - float_info<float>::min_k];
+  }
+
+  struct compute_mul_result {
+    carrier_uint result;
+    bool is_integer;
+  };
+  struct compute_mul_parity_result {
+    bool parity;
+    bool is_integer;
+  };
+
+  static auto compute_mul(carrier_uint u,
+                          const cache_entry_type& cache) noexcept
+      -> compute_mul_result {
+    auto r = umul96_upper64(u, cache);
+    return {static_cast<carrier_uint>(r >> 32),
+            static_cast<carrier_uint>(r) == 0};
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_delta(const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept
+      -> uint32_t {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(cache >> (64 - 1 - beta));
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_mul_parity(carrier_uint two_f,
+                                 const cache_entry_type& cache,
+                                 int beta) noexcept
+      -> compute_mul_parity_result {
+    FMT_ASSERT(beta >= 1, "");
+    FMT_ASSERT(beta < 64, "");
+
+    auto r = umul96_lower64(two_f, cache);
+    return {((r >> (64 - beta)) & 1) != 0,
+            static_cast<uint32_t>(r >> (32 - beta)) == 0};
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return static_cast<carrier_uint>(
+        (cache - (cache >> (num_significand_bits<float>() + 2))) >>
+        (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 1 - beta));
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return static_cast<carrier_uint>(
+        (cache + (cache >> (num_significand_bits<float>() + 1))) >>
+        (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 1 - beta));
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return (static_cast<carrier_uint>(
+                cache >> (64 - num_significand_bits<float>() - 2 - beta)) +
+            1) /
+           2;
+  }
+};
+
+template <> struct cache_accessor<double> {
+  using carrier_uint = float_info<double>::carrier_uint;
+  using cache_entry_type = uint128_fallback;
+
+  static auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
+    FMT_ASSERT(k >= float_info<double>::min_k && k <= float_info<double>::max_k,
+               "k is out of range");
+
+    static constexpr const uint128_fallback pow10_significands[] = {
+#if FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
+      {0xff77b1fcbebcdc4f, 0x25e8e89c13bb0f7b},
+      {0x9faacf3df73609b1, 0x77b191618c54e9ad},
+      {0xc795830d75038c1d, 0xd59df5b9ef6a2418},
+      {0xf97ae3d0d2446f25, 0x4b0573286b44ad1e},
+      {0x9becce62836ac577, 0x4ee367f9430aec33},
+      {0xc2e801fb244576d5, 0x229c41f793cda740},
+      {0xf3a20279ed56d48a, 0x6b43527578c11110},
+      {0x9845418c345644d6, 0x830a13896b78aaaa},
+      {0xbe5691ef416bd60c, 0x23cc986bc656d554},
+      {0xedec366b11c6cb8f, 0x2cbfbe86b7ec8aa9},
+      {0x94b3a202eb1c3f39, 0x7bf7d71432f3d6aa},
+      {0xb9e08a83a5e34f07, 0xdaf5ccd93fb0cc54},
+      {0xe858ad248f5c22c9, 0xd1b3400f8f9cff69},
+      {0x91376c36d99995be, 0x23100809b9c21fa2},
+      {0xb58547448ffffb2d, 0xabd40a0c2832a78b},
+      {0xe2e69915b3fff9f9, 0x16c90c8f323f516d},
+      {0x8dd01fad907ffc3b, 0xae3da7d97f6792e4},
+      {0xb1442798f49ffb4a, 0x99cd11cfdf41779d},
+      {0xdd95317f31c7fa1d, 0x40405643d711d584},
+      {0x8a7d3eef7f1cfc52, 0x482835ea666b2573},
+      {0xad1c8eab5ee43b66, 0xda3243650005eed0},
+      {0xd863b256369d4a40, 0x90bed43e40076a83},
+      {0x873e4f75e2224e68, 0x5a7744a6e804a292},
+      {0xa90de3535aaae202, 0x711515d0a205cb37},
+      {0xd3515c2831559a83, 0x0d5a5b44ca873e04},
+      {0x8412d9991ed58091, 0xe858790afe9486c3},
+      {0xa5178fff668ae0b6, 0x626e974dbe39a873},
+      {0xce5d73ff402d98e3, 0xfb0a3d212dc81290},
+      {0x80fa687f881c7f8e, 0x7ce66634bc9d0b9a},
+      {0xa139029f6a239f72, 0x1c1fffc1ebc44e81},
+      {0xc987434744ac874e, 0xa327ffb266b56221},
+      {0xfbe9141915d7a922, 0x4bf1ff9f0062baa9},
+      {0x9d71ac8fada6c9b5, 0x6f773fc3603db4aa},
+      {0xc4ce17b399107c22, 0xcb550fb4384d21d4},
+      {0xf6019da07f549b2b, 0x7e2a53a146606a49},
+      {0x99c102844f94e0fb, 0x2eda7444cbfc426e},
+      {0xc0314325637a1939, 0xfa911155fefb5309},
+      {0xf03d93eebc589f88, 0x793555ab7eba27cb},
+      {0x96267c7535b763b5, 0x4bc1558b2f3458df},
+      {0xbbb01b9283253ca2, 0x9eb1aaedfb016f17},
+      {0xea9c227723ee8bcb, 0x465e15a979c1cadd},
+      {0x92a1958a7675175f, 0x0bfacd89ec191eca},
+      {0xb749faed14125d36, 0xcef980ec671f667c},
+      {0xe51c79a85916f484, 0x82b7e12780e7401b},
+      {0x8f31cc0937ae58d2, 0xd1b2ecb8b0908811},
+      {0xb2fe3f0b8599ef07, 0x861fa7e6dcb4aa16},
+      {0xdfbdcece67006ac9, 0x67a791e093e1d49b},
+      {0x8bd6a141006042bd, 0xe0c8bb2c5c6d24e1},
+      {0xaecc49914078536d, 0x58fae9f773886e19},
+      {0xda7f5bf590966848, 0xaf39a475506a899f},
+      {0x888f99797a5e012d, 0x6d8406c952429604},
+      {0xaab37fd7d8f58178, 0xc8e5087ba6d33b84},
+      {0xd5605fcdcf32e1d6, 0xfb1e4a9a90880a65},
+      {0x855c3be0a17fcd26, 0x5cf2eea09a550680},
+      {0xa6b34ad8c9dfc06f, 0xf42faa48c0ea481f},
+      {0xd0601d8efc57b08b, 0xf13b94daf124da27},
+      {0x823c12795db6ce57, 0x76c53d08d6b70859},
+      {0xa2cb1717b52481ed, 0x54768c4b0c64ca6f},
+      {0xcb7ddcdda26da268, 0xa9942f5dcf7dfd0a},
+      {0xfe5d54150b090b02, 0xd3f93b35435d7c4d},
+      {0x9efa548d26e5a6e1, 0xc47bc5014a1a6db0},
+      {0xc6b8e9b0709f109a, 0x359ab6419ca1091c},
+      {0xf867241c8cc6d4c0, 0xc30163d203c94b63},
+      {0x9b407691d7fc44f8, 0x79e0de63425dcf1e},
+      {0xc21094364dfb5636, 0x985915fc12f542e5},
+      {0xf294b943e17a2bc4, 0x3e6f5b7b17b2939e},
+      {0x979cf3ca6cec5b5a, 0xa705992ceecf9c43},
+      {0xbd8430bd08277231, 0x50c6ff782a838354},
+      {0xece53cec4a314ebd, 0xa4f8bf5635246429},
+      {0x940f4613ae5ed136, 0x871b7795e136be9a},
+      {0xb913179899f68584, 0x28e2557b59846e40},
+      {0xe757dd7ec07426e5, 0x331aeada2fe589d0},
+      {0x9096ea6f3848984f, 0x3ff0d2c85def7622},
+      {0xb4bca50b065abe63, 0x0fed077a756b53aa},
+      {0xe1ebce4dc7f16dfb, 0xd3e8495912c62895},
+      {0x8d3360f09cf6e4bd, 0x64712dd7abbbd95d},
+      {0xb080392cc4349dec, 0xbd8d794d96aacfb4},
+      {0xdca04777f541c567, 0xecf0d7a0fc5583a1},
+      {0x89e42caaf9491b60, 0xf41686c49db57245},
+      {0xac5d37d5b79b6239, 0x311c2875c522ced6},
+      {0xd77485cb25823ac7, 0x7d633293366b828c},
+      {0x86a8d39ef77164bc, 0xae5dff9c02033198},
+      {0xa8530886b54dbdeb, 0xd9f57f830283fdfd},
+      {0xd267caa862a12d66, 0xd072df63c324fd7c},
+      {0x8380dea93da4bc60, 0x4247cb9e59f71e6e},
+      {0xa46116538d0deb78, 0x52d9be85f074e609},
+      {0xcd795be870516656, 0x67902e276c921f8c},
+      {0x806bd9714632dff6, 0x00ba1cd8a3db53b7},
+      {0xa086cfcd97bf97f3, 0x80e8a40eccd228a5},
+      {0xc8a883c0fdaf7df0, 0x6122cd128006b2ce},
+      {0xfad2a4b13d1b5d6c, 0x796b805720085f82},
+      {0x9cc3a6eec6311a63, 0xcbe3303674053bb1},
+      {0xc3f490aa77bd60fc, 0xbedbfc4411068a9d},
+      {0xf4f1b4d515acb93b, 0xee92fb5515482d45},
+      {0x991711052d8bf3c5, 0x751bdd152d4d1c4b},
+      {0xbf5cd54678eef0b6, 0xd262d45a78a0635e},
+      {0xef340a98172aace4, 0x86fb897116c87c35},
+      {0x9580869f0e7aac0e, 0xd45d35e6ae3d4da1},
+      {0xbae0a846d2195712, 0x8974836059cca10a},
+      {0xe998d258869facd7, 0x2bd1a438703fc94c},
+      {0x91ff83775423cc06, 0x7b6306a34627ddd0},
+      {0xb67f6455292cbf08, 0x1a3bc84c17b1d543},
+      {0xe41f3d6a7377eeca, 0x20caba5f1d9e4a94},
+      {0x8e938662882af53e, 0x547eb47b7282ee9d},
+      {0xb23867fb2a35b28d, 0xe99e619a4f23aa44},
+      {0xdec681f9f4c31f31, 0x6405fa00e2ec94d5},
+      {0x8b3c113c38f9f37e, 0xde83bc408dd3dd05},
+      {0xae0b158b4738705e, 0x9624ab50b148d446},
+      {0xd98ddaee19068c76, 0x3badd624dd9b0958},
+      {0x87f8a8d4cfa417c9, 0xe54ca5d70a80e5d7},
+      {0xa9f6d30a038d1dbc, 0x5e9fcf4ccd211f4d},
+      {0xd47487cc8470652b, 0x7647c32000696720},
+      {0x84c8d4dfd2c63f3b, 0x29ecd9f40041e074},
+      {0xa5fb0a17c777cf09, 0xf468107100525891},
+      {0xcf79cc9db955c2cc, 0x7182148d4066eeb5},
+      {0x81ac1fe293d599bf, 0xc6f14cd848405531},
+      {0xa21727db38cb002f, 0xb8ada00e5a506a7d},
+      {0xca9cf1d206fdc03b, 0xa6d90811f0e4851d},
+      {0xfd442e4688bd304a, 0x908f4a166d1da664},
+      {0x9e4a9cec15763e2e, 0x9a598e4e043287ff},
+      {0xc5dd44271ad3cdba, 0x40eff1e1853f29fe},
+      {0xf7549530e188c128, 0xd12bee59e68ef47d},
+      {0x9a94dd3e8cf578b9, 0x82bb74f8301958cf},
+      {0xc13a148e3032d6e7, 0xe36a52363c1faf02},
+      {0xf18899b1bc3f8ca1, 0xdc44e6c3cb279ac2},
+      {0x96f5600f15a7b7e5, 0x29ab103a5ef8c0ba},
+      {0xbcb2b812db11a5de, 0x7415d448f6b6f0e8},
+      {0xebdf661791d60f56, 0x111b495b3464ad22},
+      {0x936b9fcebb25c995, 0xcab10dd900beec35},
+      {0xb84687c269ef3bfb, 0x3d5d514f40eea743},
+      {0xe65829b3046b0afa, 0x0cb4a5a3112a5113},
+      {0x8ff71a0fe2c2e6dc, 0x47f0e785eaba72ac},
+      {0xb3f4e093db73a093, 0x59ed216765690f57},
+      {0xe0f218b8d25088b8, 0x306869c13ec3532d},
+      {0x8c974f7383725573, 0x1e414218c73a13fc},
+      {0xafbd2350644eeacf, 0xe5d1929ef90898fb},
+      {0xdbac6c247d62a583, 0xdf45f746b74abf3a},
+      {0x894bc396ce5da772, 0x6b8bba8c328eb784},
+      {0xab9eb47c81f5114f, 0x066ea92f3f326565},
+      {0xd686619ba27255a2, 0xc80a537b0efefebe},
+      {0x8613fd0145877585, 0xbd06742ce95f5f37},
+      {0xa798fc4196e952e7, 0x2c48113823b73705},
+      {0xd17f3b51fca3a7a0, 0xf75a15862ca504c6},
+      {0x82ef85133de648c4, 0x9a984d73dbe722fc},
+      {0xa3ab66580d5fdaf5, 0xc13e60d0d2e0ebbb},
+      {0xcc963fee10b7d1b3, 0x318df905079926a9},
+      {0xffbbcfe994e5c61f, 0xfdf17746497f7053},
+      {0x9fd561f1fd0f9bd3, 0xfeb6ea8bedefa634},
+      {0xc7caba6e7c5382c8, 0xfe64a52ee96b8fc1},
+      {0xf9bd690a1b68637b, 0x3dfdce7aa3c673b1},
+      {0x9c1661a651213e2d, 0x06bea10ca65c084f},
+      {0xc31bfa0fe5698db8, 0x486e494fcff30a63},
+      {0xf3e2f893dec3f126, 0x5a89dba3c3efccfb},
+      {0x986ddb5c6b3a76b7, 0xf89629465a75e01d},
+      {0xbe89523386091465, 0xf6bbb397f1135824},
+      {0xee2ba6c0678b597f, 0x746aa07ded582e2d},
+      {0x94db483840b717ef, 0xa8c2a44eb4571cdd},
+      {0xba121a4650e4ddeb, 0x92f34d62616ce414},
+      {0xe896a0d7e51e1566, 0x77b020baf9c81d18},
+      {0x915e2486ef32cd60, 0x0ace1474dc1d122f},
+      {0xb5b5ada8aaff80b8, 0x0d819992132456bb},
+      {0xe3231912d5bf60e6, 0x10e1fff697ed6c6a},
+      {0x8df5efabc5979c8f, 0xca8d3ffa1ef463c2},
+      {0xb1736b96b6fd83b3, 0xbd308ff8a6b17cb3},
+      {0xddd0467c64bce4a0, 0xac7cb3f6d05ddbdf},
+      {0x8aa22c0dbef60ee4, 0x6bcdf07a423aa96c},
+      {0xad4ab7112eb3929d, 0x86c16c98d2c953c7},
+      {0xd89d64d57a607744, 0xe871c7bf077ba8b8},
+      {0x87625f056c7c4a8b, 0x11471cd764ad4973},
+      {0xa93af6c6c79b5d2d, 0xd598e40d3dd89bd0},
+      {0xd389b47879823479, 0x4aff1d108d4ec2c4},
+      {0x843610cb4bf160cb, 0xcedf722a585139bb},
+      {0xa54394fe1eedb8fe, 0xc2974eb4ee658829},
+      {0xce947a3da6a9273e, 0x733d226229feea33},
+      {0x811ccc668829b887, 0x0806357d5a3f5260},
+      {0xa163ff802a3426a8, 0xca07c2dcb0cf26f8},
+      {0xc9bcff6034c13052, 0xfc89b393dd02f0b6},
+      {0xfc2c3f3841f17c67, 0xbbac2078d443ace3},
+      {0x9d9ba7832936edc0, 0xd54b944b84aa4c0e},
+      {0xc5029163f384a931, 0x0a9e795e65d4df12},
+      {0xf64335bcf065d37d, 0x4d4617b5ff4a16d6},
+      {0x99ea0196163fa42e, 0x504bced1bf8e4e46},
+      {0xc06481fb9bcf8d39, 0xe45ec2862f71e1d7},
+      {0xf07da27a82c37088, 0x5d767327bb4e5a4d},
+      {0x964e858c91ba2655, 0x3a6a07f8d510f870},
+      {0xbbe226efb628afea, 0x890489f70a55368c},
+      {0xeadab0aba3b2dbe5, 0x2b45ac74ccea842f},
+      {0x92c8ae6b464fc96f, 0x3b0b8bc90012929e},
+      {0xb77ada0617e3bbcb, 0x09ce6ebb40173745},
+      {0xe55990879ddcaabd, 0xcc420a6a101d0516},
+      {0x8f57fa54c2a9eab6, 0x9fa946824a12232e},
+      {0xb32df8e9f3546564, 0x47939822dc96abfa},
+      {0xdff9772470297ebd, 0x59787e2b93bc56f8},
+      {0x8bfbea76c619ef36, 0x57eb4edb3c55b65b},
+      {0xaefae51477a06b03, 0xede622920b6b23f2},
+      {0xdab99e59958885c4, 0xe95fab368e45ecee},
+      {0x88b402f7fd75539b, 0x11dbcb0218ebb415},
+      {0xaae103b5fcd2a881, 0xd652bdc29f26a11a},
+      {0xd59944a37c0752a2, 0x4be76d3346f04960},
+      {0x857fcae62d8493a5, 0x6f70a4400c562ddc},
+      {0xa6dfbd9fb8e5b88e, 0xcb4ccd500f6bb953},
+      {0xd097ad07a71f26b2, 0x7e2000a41346a7a8},
+      {0x825ecc24c873782f, 0x8ed400668c0c28c9},
+      {0xa2f67f2dfa90563b, 0x728900802f0f32fb},
+      {0xcbb41ef979346bca, 0x4f2b40a03ad2ffba},
+      {0xfea126b7d78186bc, 0xe2f610c84987bfa9},
+      {0x9f24b832e6b0f436, 0x0dd9ca7d2df4d7ca},
+      {0xc6ede63fa05d3143, 0x91503d1c79720dbc},
+      {0xf8a95fcf88747d94, 0x75a44c6397ce912b},
+      {0x9b69dbe1b548ce7c, 0xc986afbe3ee11abb},
+      {0xc24452da229b021b, 0xfbe85badce996169},
+      {0xf2d56790ab41c2a2, 0xfae27299423fb9c4},
+      {0x97c560ba6b0919a5, 0xdccd879fc967d41b},
+      {0xbdb6b8e905cb600f, 0x5400e987bbc1c921},
+      {0xed246723473e3813, 0x290123e9aab23b69},
+      {0x9436c0760c86e30b, 0xf9a0b6720aaf6522},
+      {0xb94470938fa89bce, 0xf808e40e8d5b3e6a},
+      {0xe7958cb87392c2c2, 0xb60b1d1230b20e05},
+      {0x90bd77f3483bb9b9, 0xb1c6f22b5e6f48c3},
+      {0xb4ecd5f01a4aa828, 0x1e38aeb6360b1af4},
+      {0xe2280b6c20dd5232, 0x25c6da63c38de1b1},
+      {0x8d590723948a535f, 0x579c487e5a38ad0f},
+      {0xb0af48ec79ace837, 0x2d835a9df0c6d852},
+      {0xdcdb1b2798182244, 0xf8e431456cf88e66},
+      {0x8a08f0f8bf0f156b, 0x1b8e9ecb641b5900},
+      {0xac8b2d36eed2dac5, 0xe272467e3d222f40},
+      {0xd7adf884aa879177, 0x5b0ed81dcc6abb10},
+      {0x86ccbb52ea94baea, 0x98e947129fc2b4ea},
+      {0xa87fea27a539e9a5, 0x3f2398d747b36225},
+      {0xd29fe4b18e88640e, 0x8eec7f0d19a03aae},
+      {0x83a3eeeef9153e89, 0x1953cf68300424ad},
+      {0xa48ceaaab75a8e2b, 0x5fa8c3423c052dd8},
+      {0xcdb02555653131b6, 0x3792f412cb06794e},
+      {0x808e17555f3ebf11, 0xe2bbd88bbee40bd1},
+      {0xa0b19d2ab70e6ed6, 0x5b6aceaeae9d0ec5},
+      {0xc8de047564d20a8b, 0xf245825a5a445276},
+      {0xfb158592be068d2e, 0xeed6e2f0f0d56713},
+      {0x9ced737bb6c4183d, 0x55464dd69685606c},
+      {0xc428d05aa4751e4c, 0xaa97e14c3c26b887},
+      {0xf53304714d9265df, 0xd53dd99f4b3066a9},
+      {0x993fe2c6d07b7fab, 0xe546a8038efe402a},
+      {0xbf8fdb78849a5f96, 0xde98520472bdd034},
+      {0xef73d256a5c0f77c, 0x963e66858f6d4441},
+      {0x95a8637627989aad, 0xdde7001379a44aa9},
+      {0xbb127c53b17ec159, 0x5560c018580d5d53},
+      {0xe9d71b689dde71af, 0xaab8f01e6e10b4a7},
+      {0x9226712162ab070d, 0xcab3961304ca70e9},
+      {0xb6b00d69bb55c8d1, 0x3d607b97c5fd0d23},
+      {0xe45c10c42a2b3b05, 0x8cb89a7db77c506b},
+      {0x8eb98a7a9a5b04e3, 0x77f3608e92adb243},
+      {0xb267ed1940f1c61c, 0x55f038b237591ed4},
+      {0xdf01e85f912e37a3, 0x6b6c46dec52f6689},
+      {0x8b61313bbabce2c6, 0x2323ac4b3b3da016},
+      {0xae397d8aa96c1b77, 0xabec975e0a0d081b},
+      {0xd9c7dced53c72255, 0x96e7bd358c904a22},
+      {0x881cea14545c7575, 0x7e50d64177da2e55},
+      {0xaa242499697392d2, 0xdde50bd1d5d0b9ea},
+      {0xd4ad2dbfc3d07787, 0x955e4ec64b44e865},
+      {0x84ec3c97da624ab4, 0xbd5af13bef0b113f},
+      {0xa6274bbdd0fadd61, 0xecb1ad8aeacdd58f},
+      {0xcfb11ead453994ba, 0x67de18eda5814af3},
+      {0x81ceb32c4b43fcf4, 0x80eacf948770ced8},
+      {0xa2425ff75e14fc31, 0xa1258379a94d028e},
+      {0xcad2f7f5359a3b3e, 0x096ee45813a04331},
+      {0xfd87b5f28300ca0d, 0x8bca9d6e188853fd},
+      {0x9e74d1b791e07e48, 0x775ea264cf55347e},
+      {0xc612062576589dda, 0x95364afe032a819e},
+      {0xf79687aed3eec551, 0x3a83ddbd83f52205},
+      {0x9abe14cd44753b52, 0xc4926a9672793543},
+      {0xc16d9a0095928a27, 0x75b7053c0f178294},
+      {0xf1c90080baf72cb1, 0x5324c68b12dd6339},
+      {0x971da05074da7bee, 0xd3f6fc16ebca5e04},
+      {0xbce5086492111aea, 0x88f4bb1ca6bcf585},
+      {0xec1e4a7db69561a5, 0x2b31e9e3d06c32e6},
+      {0x9392ee8e921d5d07, 0x3aff322e62439fd0},
+      {0xb877aa3236a4b449, 0x09befeb9fad487c3},
+      {0xe69594bec44de15b, 0x4c2ebe687989a9b4},
+      {0x901d7cf73ab0acd9, 0x0f9d37014bf60a11},
+      {0xb424dc35095cd80f, 0x538484c19ef38c95},
+      {0xe12e13424bb40e13, 0x2865a5f206b06fba},
+      {0x8cbccc096f5088cb, 0xf93f87b7442e45d4},
+      {0xafebff0bcb24aafe, 0xf78f69a51539d749},
+      {0xdbe6fecebdedd5be, 0xb573440e5a884d1c},
+      {0x89705f4136b4a597, 0x31680a88f8953031},
+      {0xabcc77118461cefc, 0xfdc20d2b36ba7c3e},
+      {0xd6bf94d5e57a42bc, 0x3d32907604691b4d},
+      {0x8637bd05af6c69b5, 0xa63f9a49c2c1b110},
+      {0xa7c5ac471b478423, 0x0fcf80dc33721d54},
+      {0xd1b71758e219652b, 0xd3c36113404ea4a9},
+      {0x83126e978d4fdf3b, 0x645a1cac083126ea},
+      {0xa3d70a3d70a3d70a, 0x3d70a3d70a3d70a4},
+      {0xcccccccccccccccc, 0xcccccccccccccccd},
+      {0x8000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xa000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xc800000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xfa00000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x9c40000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xc350000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xf424000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x9896800000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xbebc200000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xee6b280000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x9502f90000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xba43b74000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xe8d4a51000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x9184e72a00000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xb5e620f480000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xe35fa931a0000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x8e1bc9bf04000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xb1a2bc2ec5000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xde0b6b3a76400000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x8ac7230489e80000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xad78ebc5ac620000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xd8d726b7177a8000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x878678326eac9000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xa968163f0a57b400, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xd3c21bcecceda100, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x84595161401484a0, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xa56fa5b99019a5c8, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0xcecb8f27f4200f3a, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x813f3978f8940984, 0x4000000000000000},
+      {0xa18f07d736b90be5, 0x5000000000000000},
+      {0xc9f2c9cd04674ede, 0xa400000000000000},
+      {0xfc6f7c4045812296, 0x4d00000000000000},
+      {0x9dc5ada82b70b59d, 0xf020000000000000},
+      {0xc5371912364ce305, 0x6c28000000000000},
+      {0xf684df56c3e01bc6, 0xc732000000000000},
+      {0x9a130b963a6c115c, 0x3c7f400000000000},
+      {0xc097ce7bc90715b3, 0x4b9f100000000000},
+      {0xf0bdc21abb48db20, 0x1e86d40000000000},
+      {0x96769950b50d88f4, 0x1314448000000000},
+      {0xbc143fa4e250eb31, 0x17d955a000000000},
+      {0xeb194f8e1ae525fd, 0x5dcfab0800000000},
+      {0x92efd1b8d0cf37be, 0x5aa1cae500000000},
+      {0xb7abc627050305ad, 0xf14a3d9e40000000},
+      {0xe596b7b0c643c719, 0x6d9ccd05d0000000},
+      {0x8f7e32ce7bea5c6f, 0xe4820023a2000000},
+      {0xb35dbf821ae4f38b, 0xdda2802c8a800000},
+      {0xe0352f62a19e306e, 0xd50b2037ad200000},
+      {0x8c213d9da502de45, 0x4526f422cc340000},
+      {0xaf298d050e4395d6, 0x9670b12b7f410000},
+      {0xdaf3f04651d47b4c, 0x3c0cdd765f114000},
+      {0x88d8762bf324cd0f, 0xa5880a69fb6ac800},
+      {0xab0e93b6efee0053, 0x8eea0d047a457a00},
+      {0xd5d238a4abe98068, 0x72a4904598d6d880},
+      {0x85a36366eb71f041, 0x47a6da2b7f864750},
+      {0xa70c3c40a64e6c51, 0x999090b65f67d924},
+      {0xd0cf4b50cfe20765, 0xfff4b4e3f741cf6d},
+      {0x82818f1281ed449f, 0xbff8f10e7a8921a5},
+      {0xa321f2d7226895c7, 0xaff72d52192b6a0e},
+      {0xcbea6f8ceb02bb39, 0x9bf4f8a69f764491},
+      {0xfee50b7025c36a08, 0x02f236d04753d5b5},
+      {0x9f4f2726179a2245, 0x01d762422c946591},
+      {0xc722f0ef9d80aad6, 0x424d3ad2b7b97ef6},
+      {0xf8ebad2b84e0d58b, 0xd2e0898765a7deb3},
+      {0x9b934c3b330c8577, 0x63cc55f49f88eb30},
+      {0xc2781f49ffcfa6d5, 0x3cbf6b71c76b25fc},
+      {0xf316271c7fc3908a, 0x8bef464e3945ef7b},
+      {0x97edd871cfda3a56, 0x97758bf0e3cbb5ad},
+      {0xbde94e8e43d0c8ec, 0x3d52eeed1cbea318},
+      {0xed63a231d4c4fb27, 0x4ca7aaa863ee4bde},
+      {0x945e455f24fb1cf8, 0x8fe8caa93e74ef6b},
+      {0xb975d6b6ee39e436, 0xb3e2fd538e122b45},
+      {0xe7d34c64a9c85d44, 0x60dbbca87196b617},
+      {0x90e40fbeea1d3a4a, 0xbc8955e946fe31ce},
+      {0xb51d13aea4a488dd, 0x6babab6398bdbe42},
+      {0xe264589a4dcdab14, 0xc696963c7eed2dd2},
+      {0x8d7eb76070a08aec, 0xfc1e1de5cf543ca3},
+      {0xb0de65388cc8ada8, 0x3b25a55f43294bcc},
+      {0xdd15fe86affad912, 0x49ef0eb713f39ebf},
+      {0x8a2dbf142dfcc7ab, 0x6e3569326c784338},
+      {0xacb92ed9397bf996, 0x49c2c37f07965405},
+      {0xd7e77a8f87daf7fb, 0xdc33745ec97be907},
+      {0x86f0ac99b4e8dafd, 0x69a028bb3ded71a4},
+      {0xa8acd7c0222311bc, 0xc40832ea0d68ce0d},
+      {0xd2d80db02aabd62b, 0xf50a3fa490c30191},
+      {0x83c7088e1aab65db, 0x792667c6da79e0fb},
+      {0xa4b8cab1a1563f52, 0x577001b891185939},
+      {0xcde6fd5e09abcf26, 0xed4c0226b55e6f87},
+      {0x80b05e5ac60b6178, 0x544f8158315b05b5},
+      {0xa0dc75f1778e39d6, 0x696361ae3db1c722},
+      {0xc913936dd571c84c, 0x03bc3a19cd1e38ea},
+      {0xfb5878494ace3a5f, 0x04ab48a04065c724},
+      {0x9d174b2dcec0e47b, 0x62eb0d64283f9c77},
+      {0xc45d1df942711d9a, 0x3ba5d0bd324f8395},
+      {0xf5746577930d6500, 0xca8f44ec7ee3647a},
+      {0x9968bf6abbe85f20, 0x7e998b13cf4e1ecc},
+      {0xbfc2ef456ae276e8, 0x9e3fedd8c321a67f},
+      {0xefb3ab16c59b14a2, 0xc5cfe94ef3ea101f},
+      {0x95d04aee3b80ece5, 0xbba1f1d158724a13},
+      {0xbb445da9ca61281f, 0x2a8a6e45ae8edc98},
+      {0xea1575143cf97226, 0xf52d09d71a3293be},
+      {0x924d692ca61be758, 0x593c2626705f9c57},
+      {0xb6e0c377cfa2e12e, 0x6f8b2fb00c77836d},
+      {0xe498f455c38b997a, 0x0b6dfb9c0f956448},
+      {0x8edf98b59a373fec, 0x4724bd4189bd5ead},
+      {0xb2977ee300c50fe7, 0x58edec91ec2cb658},
+      {0xdf3d5e9bc0f653e1, 0x2f2967b66737e3ee},
+      {0x8b865b215899f46c, 0xbd79e0d20082ee75},
+      {0xae67f1e9aec07187, 0xecd8590680a3aa12},
+      {0xda01ee641a708de9, 0xe80e6f4820cc9496},
+      {0x884134fe908658b2, 0x3109058d147fdcde},
+      {0xaa51823e34a7eede, 0xbd4b46f0599fd416},
+      {0xd4e5e2cdc1d1ea96, 0x6c9e18ac7007c91b},
+      {0x850fadc09923329e, 0x03e2cf6bc604ddb1},
+      {0xa6539930bf6bff45, 0x84db8346b786151d},
+      {0xcfe87f7cef46ff16, 0xe612641865679a64},
+      {0x81f14fae158c5f6e, 0x4fcb7e8f3f60c07f},
+      {0xa26da3999aef7749, 0xe3be5e330f38f09e},
+      {0xcb090c8001ab551c, 0x5cadf5bfd3072cc6},
+      {0xfdcb4fa002162a63, 0x73d9732fc7c8f7f7},
+      {0x9e9f11c4014dda7e, 0x2867e7fddcdd9afb},
+      {0xc646d63501a1511d, 0xb281e1fd541501b9},
+      {0xf7d88bc24209a565, 0x1f225a7ca91a4227},
+      {0x9ae757596946075f, 0x3375788de9b06959},
+      {0xc1a12d2fc3978937, 0x0052d6b1641c83af},
+      {0xf209787bb47d6b84, 0xc0678c5dbd23a49b},
+      {0x9745eb4d50ce6332, 0xf840b7ba963646e1},
+      {0xbd176620a501fbff, 0xb650e5a93bc3d899},
+      {0xec5d3fa8ce427aff, 0xa3e51f138ab4cebf},
+      {0x93ba47c980e98cdf, 0xc66f336c36b10138},
+      {0xb8a8d9bbe123f017, 0xb80b0047445d4185},
+      {0xe6d3102ad96cec1d, 0xa60dc059157491e6},
+      {0x9043ea1ac7e41392, 0x87c89837ad68db30},
+      {0xb454e4a179dd1877, 0x29babe4598c311fc},
+      {0xe16a1dc9d8545e94, 0xf4296dd6fef3d67b},
+      {0x8ce2529e2734bb1d, 0x1899e4a65f58660d},
+      {0xb01ae745b101e9e4, 0x5ec05dcff72e7f90},
+      {0xdc21a1171d42645d, 0x76707543f4fa1f74},
+      {0x899504ae72497eba, 0x6a06494a791c53a9},
+      {0xabfa45da0edbde69, 0x0487db9d17636893},
+      {0xd6f8d7509292d603, 0x45a9d2845d3c42b7},
+      {0x865b86925b9bc5c2, 0x0b8a2392ba45a9b3},
+      {0xa7f26836f282b732, 0x8e6cac7768d7141f},
+      {0xd1ef0244af2364ff, 0x3207d795430cd927},
+      {0x8335616aed761f1f, 0x7f44e6bd49e807b9},
+      {0xa402b9c5a8d3a6e7, 0x5f16206c9c6209a7},
+      {0xcd036837130890a1, 0x36dba887c37a8c10},
+      {0x802221226be55a64, 0xc2494954da2c978a},
+      {0xa02aa96b06deb0fd, 0xf2db9baa10b7bd6d},
+      {0xc83553c5c8965d3d, 0x6f92829494e5acc8},
+      {0xfa42a8b73abbf48c, 0xcb772339ba1f17fa},
+      {0x9c69a97284b578d7, 0xff2a760414536efc},
+      {0xc38413cf25e2d70d, 0xfef5138519684abb},
+      {0xf46518c2ef5b8cd1, 0x7eb258665fc25d6a},
+      {0x98bf2f79d5993802, 0xef2f773ffbd97a62},
+      {0xbeeefb584aff8603, 0xaafb550ffacfd8fb},
+      {0xeeaaba2e5dbf6784, 0x95ba2a53f983cf39},
+      {0x952ab45cfa97a0b2, 0xdd945a747bf26184},
+      {0xba756174393d88df, 0x94f971119aeef9e5},
+      {0xe912b9d1478ceb17, 0x7a37cd5601aab85e},
+      {0x91abb422ccb812ee, 0xac62e055c10ab33b},
+      {0xb616a12b7fe617aa, 0x577b986b314d600a},
+      {0xe39c49765fdf9d94, 0xed5a7e85fda0b80c},
+      {0x8e41ade9fbebc27d, 0x14588f13be847308},
+      {0xb1d219647ae6b31c, 0x596eb2d8ae258fc9},
+      {0xde469fbd99a05fe3, 0x6fca5f8ed9aef3bc},
+      {0x8aec23d680043bee, 0x25de7bb9480d5855},
+      {0xada72ccc20054ae9, 0xaf561aa79a10ae6b},
+      {0xd910f7ff28069da4, 0x1b2ba1518094da05},
+      {0x87aa9aff79042286, 0x90fb44d2f05d0843},
+      {0xa99541bf57452b28, 0x353a1607ac744a54},
+      {0xd3fa922f2d1675f2, 0x42889b8997915ce9},
+      {0x847c9b5d7c2e09b7, 0x69956135febada12},
+      {0xa59bc234db398c25, 0x43fab9837e699096},
+      {0xcf02b2c21207ef2e, 0x94f967e45e03f4bc},
+      {0x8161afb94b44f57d, 0x1d1be0eebac278f6},
+      {0xa1ba1ba79e1632dc, 0x6462d92a69731733},
+      {0xca28a291859bbf93, 0x7d7b8f7503cfdcff},
+      {0xfcb2cb35e702af78, 0x5cda735244c3d43f},
+      {0x9defbf01b061adab, 0x3a0888136afa64a8},
+      {0xc56baec21c7a1916, 0x088aaa1845b8fdd1},
+      {0xf6c69a72a3989f5b, 0x8aad549e57273d46},
+      {0x9a3c2087a63f6399, 0x36ac54e2f678864c},
+      {0xc0cb28a98fcf3c7f, 0x84576a1bb416a7de},
+      {0xf0fdf2d3f3c30b9f, 0x656d44a2a11c51d6},
+      {0x969eb7c47859e743, 0x9f644ae5a4b1b326},
+      {0xbc4665b596706114, 0x873d5d9f0dde1fef},
+      {0xeb57ff22fc0c7959, 0xa90cb506d155a7eb},
+      {0x9316ff75dd87cbd8, 0x09a7f12442d588f3},
+      {0xb7dcbf5354e9bece, 0x0c11ed6d538aeb30},
+      {0xe5d3ef282a242e81, 0x8f1668c8a86da5fb},
+      {0x8fa475791a569d10, 0xf96e017d694487bd},
+      {0xb38d92d760ec4455, 0x37c981dcc395a9ad},
+      {0xe070f78d3927556a, 0x85bbe253f47b1418},
+      {0x8c469ab843b89562, 0x93956d7478ccec8f},
+      {0xaf58416654a6babb, 0x387ac8d1970027b3},
+      {0xdb2e51bfe9d0696a, 0x06997b05fcc0319f},
+      {0x88fcf317f22241e2, 0x441fece3bdf81f04},
+      {0xab3c2fddeeaad25a, 0xd527e81cad7626c4},
+      {0xd60b3bd56a5586f1, 0x8a71e223d8d3b075},
+      {0x85c7056562757456, 0xf6872d5667844e4a},
+      {0xa738c6bebb12d16c, 0xb428f8ac016561dc},
+      {0xd106f86e69d785c7, 0xe13336d701beba53},
+      {0x82a45b450226b39c, 0xecc0024661173474},
+      {0xa34d721642b06084, 0x27f002d7f95d0191},
+      {0xcc20ce9bd35c78a5, 0x31ec038df7b441f5},
+      {0xff290242c83396ce, 0x7e67047175a15272},
+      {0x9f79a169bd203e41, 0x0f0062c6e984d387},
+      {0xc75809c42c684dd1, 0x52c07b78a3e60869},
+      {0xf92e0c3537826145, 0xa7709a56ccdf8a83},
+      {0x9bbcc7a142b17ccb, 0x88a66076400bb692},
+      {0xc2abf989935ddbfe, 0x6acff893d00ea436},
+      {0xf356f7ebf83552fe, 0x0583f6b8c4124d44},
+      {0x98165af37b2153de, 0xc3727a337a8b704b},
+      {0xbe1bf1b059e9a8d6, 0x744f18c0592e4c5d},
+      {0xeda2ee1c7064130c, 0x1162def06f79df74},
+      {0x9485d4d1c63e8be7, 0x8addcb5645ac2ba9},
+      {0xb9a74a0637ce2ee1, 0x6d953e2bd7173693},
+      {0xe8111c87c5c1ba99, 0xc8fa8db6ccdd0438},
+      {0x910ab1d4db9914a0, 0x1d9c9892400a22a3},
+      {0xb54d5e4a127f59c8, 0x2503beb6d00cab4c},
+      {0xe2a0b5dc971f303a, 0x2e44ae64840fd61e},
+      {0x8da471a9de737e24, 0x5ceaecfed289e5d3},
+      {0xb10d8e1456105dad, 0x7425a83e872c5f48},
+      {0xdd50f1996b947518, 0xd12f124e28f7771a},
+      {0x8a5296ffe33cc92f, 0x82bd6b70d99aaa70},
+      {0xace73cbfdc0bfb7b, 0x636cc64d1001550c},
+      {0xd8210befd30efa5a, 0x3c47f7e05401aa4f},
+      {0x8714a775e3e95c78, 0x65acfaec34810a72},
+      {0xa8d9d1535ce3b396, 0x7f1839a741a14d0e},
+      {0xd31045a8341ca07c, 0x1ede48111209a051},
+      {0x83ea2b892091e44d, 0x934aed0aab460433},
+      {0xa4e4b66b68b65d60, 0xf81da84d56178540},
+      {0xce1de40642e3f4b9, 0x36251260ab9d668f},
+      {0x80d2ae83e9ce78f3, 0xc1d72b7c6b42601a},
+      {0xa1075a24e4421730, 0xb24cf65b8612f820},
+      {0xc94930ae1d529cfc, 0xdee033f26797b628},
+      {0xfb9b7cd9a4a7443c, 0x169840ef017da3b2},
+      {0x9d412e0806e88aa5, 0x8e1f289560ee864f},
+      {0xc491798a08a2ad4e, 0xf1a6f2bab92a27e3},
+      {0xf5b5d7ec8acb58a2, 0xae10af696774b1dc},
+      {0x9991a6f3d6bf1765, 0xacca6da1e0a8ef2a},
+      {0xbff610b0cc6edd3f, 0x17fd090a58d32af4},
+      {0xeff394dcff8a948e, 0xddfc4b4cef07f5b1},
+      {0x95f83d0a1fb69cd9, 0x4abdaf101564f98f},
+      {0xbb764c4ca7a4440f, 0x9d6d1ad41abe37f2},
+      {0xea53df5fd18d5513, 0x84c86189216dc5ee},
+      {0x92746b9be2f8552c, 0x32fd3cf5b4e49bb5},
+      {0xb7118682dbb66a77, 0x3fbc8c33221dc2a2},
+      {0xe4d5e82392a40515, 0x0fabaf3feaa5334b},
+      {0x8f05b1163ba6832d, 0x29cb4d87f2a7400f},
+      {0xb2c71d5bca9023f8, 0x743e20e9ef511013},
+      {0xdf78e4b2bd342cf6, 0x914da9246b255417},
+      {0x8bab8eefb6409c1a, 0x1ad089b6c2f7548f},
+      {0xae9672aba3d0c320, 0xa184ac2473b529b2},
+      {0xda3c0f568cc4f3e8, 0xc9e5d72d90a2741f},
+      {0x8865899617fb1871, 0x7e2fa67c7a658893},
+      {0xaa7eebfb9df9de8d, 0xddbb901b98feeab8},
+      {0xd51ea6fa85785631, 0x552a74227f3ea566},
+      {0x8533285c936b35de, 0xd53a88958f872760},
+      {0xa67ff273b8460356, 0x8a892abaf368f138},
+      {0xd01fef10a657842c, 0x2d2b7569b0432d86},
+      {0x8213f56a67f6b29b, 0x9c3b29620e29fc74},
+      {0xa298f2c501f45f42, 0x8349f3ba91b47b90},
+      {0xcb3f2f7642717713, 0x241c70a936219a74},
+      {0xfe0efb53d30dd4d7, 0xed238cd383aa0111},
+      {0x9ec95d1463e8a506, 0xf4363804324a40ab},
+      {0xc67bb4597ce2ce48, 0xb143c6053edcd0d6},
+      {0xf81aa16fdc1b81da, 0xdd94b7868e94050b},
+      {0x9b10a4e5e9913128, 0xca7cf2b4191c8327},
+      {0xc1d4ce1f63f57d72, 0xfd1c2f611f63a3f1},
+      {0xf24a01a73cf2dccf, 0xbc633b39673c8ced},
+      {0x976e41088617ca01, 0xd5be0503e085d814},
+      {0xbd49d14aa79dbc82, 0x4b2d8644d8a74e19},
+      {0xec9c459d51852ba2, 0xddf8e7d60ed1219f},
+      {0x93e1ab8252f33b45, 0xcabb90e5c942b504},
+      {0xb8da1662e7b00a17, 0x3d6a751f3b936244},
+      {0xe7109bfba19c0c9d, 0x0cc512670a783ad5},
+      {0x906a617d450187e2, 0x27fb2b80668b24c6},
+      {0xb484f9dc9641e9da, 0xb1f9f660802dedf7},
+      {0xe1a63853bbd26451, 0x5e7873f8a0396974},
+      {0x8d07e33455637eb2, 0xdb0b487b6423e1e9},
+      {0xb049dc016abc5e5f, 0x91ce1a9a3d2cda63},
+      {0xdc5c5301c56b75f7, 0x7641a140cc7810fc},
+      {0x89b9b3e11b6329ba, 0xa9e904c87fcb0a9e},
+      {0xac2820d9623bf429, 0x546345fa9fbdcd45},
+      {0xd732290fbacaf133, 0xa97c177947ad4096},
+      {0x867f59a9d4bed6c0, 0x49ed8eabcccc485e},
+      {0xa81f301449ee8c70, 0x5c68f256bfff5a75},
+      {0xd226fc195c6a2f8c, 0x73832eec6fff3112},
+      {0x83585d8fd9c25db7, 0xc831fd53c5ff7eac},
+      {0xa42e74f3d032f525, 0xba3e7ca8b77f5e56},
+      {0xcd3a1230c43fb26f, 0x28ce1bd2e55f35ec},
+      {0x80444b5e7aa7cf85, 0x7980d163cf5b81b4},
+      {0xa0555e361951c366, 0xd7e105bcc3326220},
+      {0xc86ab5c39fa63440, 0x8dd9472bf3fefaa8},
+      {0xfa856334878fc150, 0xb14f98f6f0feb952},
+      {0x9c935e00d4b9d8d2, 0x6ed1bf9a569f33d4},
+      {0xc3b8358109e84f07, 0x0a862f80ec4700c9},
+      {0xf4a642e14c6262c8, 0xcd27bb612758c0fb},
+      {0x98e7e9cccfbd7dbd, 0x8038d51cb897789d},
+      {0xbf21e44003acdd2c, 0xe0470a63e6bd56c4},
+      {0xeeea5d5004981478, 0x1858ccfce06cac75},
+      {0x95527a5202df0ccb, 0x0f37801e0c43ebc9},
+      {0xbaa718e68396cffd, 0xd30560258f54e6bb},
+      {0xe950df20247c83fd, 0x47c6b82ef32a206a},
+      {0x91d28b7416cdd27e, 0x4cdc331d57fa5442},
+      {0xb6472e511c81471d, 0xe0133fe4adf8e953},
+      {0xe3d8f9e563a198e5, 0x58180fddd97723a7},
+      {0x8e679c2f5e44ff8f, 0x570f09eaa7ea7649},
+      {0xb201833b35d63f73, 0x2cd2cc6551e513db},
+      {0xde81e40a034bcf4f, 0xf8077f7ea65e58d2},
+      {0x8b112e86420f6191, 0xfb04afaf27faf783},
+      {0xadd57a27d29339f6, 0x79c5db9af1f9b564},
+      {0xd94ad8b1c7380874, 0x18375281ae7822bd},
+      {0x87cec76f1c830548, 0x8f2293910d0b15b6},
+      {0xa9c2794ae3a3c69a, 0xb2eb3875504ddb23},
+      {0xd433179d9c8cb841, 0x5fa60692a46151ec},
+      {0x849feec281d7f328, 0xdbc7c41ba6bcd334},
+      {0xa5c7ea73224deff3, 0x12b9b522906c0801},
+      {0xcf39e50feae16bef, 0xd768226b34870a01},
+      {0x81842f29f2cce375, 0xe6a1158300d46641},
+      {0xa1e53af46f801c53, 0x60495ae3c1097fd1},
+      {0xca5e89b18b602368, 0x385bb19cb14bdfc5},
+      {0xfcf62c1dee382c42, 0x46729e03dd9ed7b6},
+      {0x9e19db92b4e31ba9, 0x6c07a2c26a8346d2},
+      {0xc5a05277621be293, 0xc7098b7305241886},
+      {0xf70867153aa2db38, 0xb8cbee4fc66d1ea8},
+      {0x9a65406d44a5c903, 0x737f74f1dc043329},
+      {0xc0fe908895cf3b44, 0x505f522e53053ff3},
+      {0xf13e34aabb430a15, 0x647726b9e7c68ff0},
+      {0x96c6e0eab509e64d, 0x5eca783430dc19f6},
+      {0xbc789925624c5fe0, 0xb67d16413d132073},
+      {0xeb96bf6ebadf77d8, 0xe41c5bd18c57e890},
+      {0x933e37a534cbaae7, 0x8e91b962f7b6f15a},
+      {0xb80dc58e81fe95a1, 0x723627bbb5a4adb1},
+      {0xe61136f2227e3b09, 0xcec3b1aaa30dd91d},
+      {0x8fcac257558ee4e6, 0x213a4f0aa5e8a7b2},
+      {0xb3bd72ed2af29e1f, 0xa988e2cd4f62d19e},
+      {0xe0accfa875af45a7, 0x93eb1b80a33b8606},
+      {0x8c6c01c9498d8b88, 0xbc72f130660533c4},
+      {0xaf87023b9bf0ee6a, 0xeb8fad7c7f8680b5},
+      {0xdb68c2ca82ed2a05, 0xa67398db9f6820e2},
+#else
+      {0xff77b1fcbebcdc4f, 0x25e8e89c13bb0f7b},
+      {0xce5d73ff402d98e3, 0xfb0a3d212dc81290},
+      {0xa6b34ad8c9dfc06f, 0xf42faa48c0ea481f},
+      {0x86a8d39ef77164bc, 0xae5dff9c02033198},
+      {0xd98ddaee19068c76, 0x3badd624dd9b0958},
+      {0xafbd2350644eeacf, 0xe5d1929ef90898fb},
+      {0x8df5efabc5979c8f, 0xca8d3ffa1ef463c2},
+      {0xe55990879ddcaabd, 0xcc420a6a101d0516},
+      {0xb94470938fa89bce, 0xf808e40e8d5b3e6a},
+      {0x95a8637627989aad, 0xdde7001379a44aa9},
+      {0xf1c90080baf72cb1, 0x5324c68b12dd6339},
+      {0xc350000000000000, 0x0000000000000000},
+      {0x9dc5ada82b70b59d, 0xf020000000000000},
+      {0xfee50b7025c36a08, 0x02f236d04753d5b5},
+      {0xcde6fd5e09abcf26, 0xed4c0226b55e6f87},
+      {0xa6539930bf6bff45, 0x84db8346b786151d},
+      {0x865b86925b9bc5c2, 0x0b8a2392ba45a9b3},
+      {0xd910f7ff28069da4, 0x1b2ba1518094da05},
+      {0xaf58416654a6babb, 0x387ac8d1970027b3},
+      {0x8da471a9de737e24, 0x5ceaecfed289e5d3},
+      {0xe4d5e82392a40515, 0x0fabaf3feaa5334b},
+      {0xb8da1662e7b00a17, 0x3d6a751f3b936244},
+      {0x95527a5202df0ccb, 0x0f37801e0c43ebc9},
+      {0xf13e34aabb430a15, 0x647726b9e7c68ff0}
+#endif
+    };
+
+#if FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
+    return pow10_significands[k - float_info<double>::min_k];
+#else
+    static constexpr const uint64_t powers_of_5_64[] = {
+        0x0000000000000001, 0x0000000000000005, 0x0000000000000019,
+        0x000000000000007d, 0x0000000000000271, 0x0000000000000c35,
+        0x0000000000003d09, 0x000000000001312d, 0x000000000005f5e1,
+        0x00000000001dcd65, 0x00000000009502f9, 0x0000000002e90edd,
+        0x000000000e8d4a51, 0x0000000048c27395, 0x000000016bcc41e9,
+        0x000000071afd498d, 0x0000002386f26fc1, 0x000000b1a2bc2ec5,
+        0x000003782dace9d9, 0x00001158e460913d, 0x000056bc75e2d631,
+        0x0001b1ae4d6e2ef5, 0x000878678326eac9, 0x002a5a058fc295ed,
+        0x00d3c21bcecceda1, 0x0422ca8b0a00a425, 0x14adf4b7320334b9};
+
+    static const int compression_ratio = 27;
+
+    // Compute base index.
+    int cache_index = (k - float_info<double>::min_k) / compression_ratio;
+    int kb = cache_index * compression_ratio + float_info<double>::min_k;
+    int offset = k - kb;
+
+    // Get base cache.
+    uint128_fallback base_cache = pow10_significands[cache_index];
+    if (offset == 0) return base_cache;
+
+    // Compute the required amount of bit-shift.
+    int alpha = floor_log2_pow10(kb + offset) - floor_log2_pow10(kb) - offset;
+    FMT_ASSERT(alpha > 0 && alpha < 64, "shifting error detected");
+
+    // Try to recover the real cache.
+    uint64_t pow5 = powers_of_5_64[offset];
+    uint128_fallback recovered_cache = umul128(base_cache.high(), pow5);
+    uint128_fallback middle_low = umul128(base_cache.low(), pow5);
+
+    recovered_cache += middle_low.high();
+
+    uint64_t high_to_middle = recovered_cache.high() << (64 - alpha);
+    uint64_t middle_to_low = recovered_cache.low() << (64 - alpha);
+
+    recovered_cache =
+        uint128_fallback{(recovered_cache.low() >> alpha) | high_to_middle,
+                         ((middle_low.low() >> alpha) | middle_to_low)};
+    FMT_ASSERT(recovered_cache.low() + 1 != 0, "");
+    return {recovered_cache.high(), recovered_cache.low() + 1};
+#endif
+  }
+
+  struct compute_mul_result {
+    carrier_uint result;
+    bool is_integer;
+  };
+  struct compute_mul_parity_result {
+    bool parity;
+    bool is_integer;
+  };
+
+  static auto compute_mul(carrier_uint u,
+                          const cache_entry_type& cache) noexcept
+      -> compute_mul_result {
+    auto r = umul192_upper128(u, cache);
+    return {r.high(), r.low() == 0};
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_delta(cache_entry_type const& cache, int beta) noexcept
+      -> uint32_t {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(cache.high() >> (64 - 1 - beta));
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_mul_parity(carrier_uint two_f,
+                                 const cache_entry_type& cache,
+                                 int beta) noexcept
+      -> compute_mul_parity_result {
+    FMT_ASSERT(beta >= 1, "");
+    FMT_ASSERT(beta < 64, "");
+
+    auto r = umul192_lower128(two_f, cache);
+    return {((r.high() >> (64 - beta)) & 1) != 0,
+            ((r.high() << beta) | (r.low() >> (64 - beta))) == 0};
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return (cache.high() -
+            (cache.high() >> (num_significand_bits<double>() + 2))) >>
+           (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 1 - beta);
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return (cache.high() +
+            (cache.high() >> (num_significand_bits<double>() + 1))) >>
+           (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 1 - beta);
+  }
+
+  static auto compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      const cache_entry_type& cache, int beta) noexcept -> carrier_uint {
+    return ((cache.high() >> (64 - num_significand_bits<double>() - 2 - beta)) +
+            1) /
+           2;
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_FUNC auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
+  return cache_accessor<double>::get_cached_power(k);
+}
+
+// Various integer checks
+template <typename T>
+auto is_left_endpoint_integer_shorter_interval(int exponent) noexcept -> bool {
+  const int case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_lower_threshold = 2;
+  const int case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_upper_threshold = 3;
+  return exponent >= case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_lower_threshold &&
+         exponent <= case_shorter_interval_left_endpoint_upper_threshold;
+}
+
+// Remove trailing zeros from n and return the number of zeros removed (float)
+FMT_INLINE int remove_trailing_zeros(uint32_t& n, int s = 0) noexcept {
+  FMT_ASSERT(n != 0, "");
+  // Modular inverse of 5 (mod 2^32): (mod_inv_5 * 5) mod 2^32 = 1.
+  constexpr uint32_t mod_inv_5 = 0xcccccccd;
+  constexpr uint32_t mod_inv_25 = 0xc28f5c29;  // = mod_inv_5 * mod_inv_5
+
+  while (true) {
+    auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_25, 2);
+    if (q > max_value<uint32_t>() / 100) break;
+    n = q;
+    s += 2;
+  }
+  auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_5, 1);
+  if (q <= max_value<uint32_t>() / 10) {
+    n = q;
+    s |= 1;
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+// Removes trailing zeros and returns the number of zeros removed (double)
+FMT_INLINE int remove_trailing_zeros(uint64_t& n) noexcept {
+  FMT_ASSERT(n != 0, "");
+
+  // This magic number is ceil(2^90 / 10^8).
+  constexpr uint64_t magic_number = 12379400392853802749ull;
+  auto nm = umul128(n, magic_number);
+
+  // Is n is divisible by 10^8?
+  if ((nm.high() & ((1ull << (90 - 64)) - 1)) == 0 && nm.low() < magic_number) {
+    // If yes, work with the quotient...
+    auto n32 = static_cast<uint32_t>(nm.high() >> (90 - 64));
+    // ... and use the 32 bit variant of the function
+    int s = remove_trailing_zeros(n32, 8);
+    n = n32;
+    return s;
+  }
+
+  // If n is not divisible by 10^8, work with n itself.
+  constexpr uint64_t mod_inv_5 = 0xcccccccccccccccd;
+  constexpr uint64_t mod_inv_25 = 0x8f5c28f5c28f5c29;  // mod_inv_5 * mod_inv_5
+
+  int s = 0;
+  while (true) {
+    auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_25, 2);
+    if (q > max_value<uint64_t>() / 100) break;
+    n = q;
+    s += 2;
+  }
+  auto q = rotr(n * mod_inv_5, 1);
+  if (q <= max_value<uint64_t>() / 10) {
+    n = q;
+    s |= 1;
+  }
+
+  return s;
+}
+
+// The main algorithm for shorter interval case
+template <typename T>
+FMT_INLINE decimal_fp<T> shorter_interval_case(int exponent) noexcept {
+  decimal_fp<T> ret_value;
+  // Compute k and beta
+  const int minus_k = floor_log10_pow2_minus_log10_4_over_3(exponent);
+  const int beta = exponent + floor_log2_pow10(-minus_k);
+
+  // Compute xi and zi
+  using cache_entry_type = typename cache_accessor<T>::cache_entry_type;
+  const cache_entry_type cache = cache_accessor<T>::get_cached_power(-minus_k);
+
+  auto xi = cache_accessor<T>::compute_left_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      cache, beta);
+  auto zi = cache_accessor<T>::compute_right_endpoint_for_shorter_interval_case(
+      cache, beta);
+
+  // If the left endpoint is not an integer, increase it
+  if (!is_left_endpoint_integer_shorter_interval<T>(exponent)) ++xi;
+
+  // Try bigger divisor
+  ret_value.significand = zi / 10;
+
+  // If succeed, remove trailing zeros if necessary and return
+  if (ret_value.significand * 10 >= xi) {
+    ret_value.exponent = minus_k + 1;
+    ret_value.exponent += remove_trailing_zeros(ret_value.significand);
+    return ret_value;
+  }
+
+  // Otherwise, compute the round-up of y
+  ret_value.significand =
+      cache_accessor<T>::compute_round_up_for_shorter_interval_case(cache,
+                                                                    beta);
+  ret_value.exponent = minus_k;
+
+  // When tie occurs, choose one of them according to the rule
+  if (exponent >= float_info<T>::shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold &&
+      exponent <= float_info<T>::shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold) {
+    ret_value.significand = ret_value.significand % 2 == 0
+                                ? ret_value.significand
+                                : ret_value.significand - 1;
+  } else if (ret_value.significand < xi) {
+    ++ret_value.significand;
+  }
+  return ret_value;
+}
+
+template <typename T> auto to_decimal(T x) noexcept -> decimal_fp<T> {
+  // Step 1: integer promotion & Schubfach multiplier calculation.
+
+  using carrier_uint = typename float_info<T>::carrier_uint;
+  using cache_entry_type = typename cache_accessor<T>::cache_entry_type;
+  auto br = bit_cast<carrier_uint>(x);
+
+  // Extract significand bits and exponent bits.
+  const carrier_uint significand_mask =
+      (static_cast<carrier_uint>(1) << num_significand_bits<T>()) - 1;
+  carrier_uint significand = (br & significand_mask);
+  int exponent =
+      static_cast<int>((br & exponent_mask<T>()) >> num_significand_bits<T>());
+
+  if (exponent != 0) {  // Check if normal.
+    exponent -= exponent_bias<T>() + num_significand_bits<T>();
+
+    // Shorter interval case; proceed like Schubfach.
+    // In fact, when exponent == 1 and significand == 0, the interval is
+    // regular. However, it can be shown that the end-results are anyway same.
+    if (significand == 0) return shorter_interval_case<T>(exponent);
+
+    significand |= (static_cast<carrier_uint>(1) << num_significand_bits<T>());
+  } else {
+    // Subnormal case; the interval is always regular.
+    if (significand == 0) return {0, 0};
+    exponent =
+        std::numeric_limits<T>::min_exponent - num_significand_bits<T>() - 1;
+  }
+
+  const bool include_left_endpoint = (significand % 2 == 0);
+  const bool include_right_endpoint = include_left_endpoint;
+
+  // Compute k and beta.
+  const int minus_k = floor_log10_pow2(exponent) - float_info<T>::kappa;
+  const cache_entry_type cache = cache_accessor<T>::get_cached_power(-minus_k);
+  const int beta = exponent + floor_log2_pow10(-minus_k);
+
+  // Compute zi and deltai.
+  // 10^kappa <= deltai < 10^(kappa + 1)
+  const uint32_t deltai = cache_accessor<T>::compute_delta(cache, beta);
+  const carrier_uint two_fc = significand << 1;
+
+  // For the case of binary32, the result of integer check is not correct for
+  // 29711844 * 2^-82
+  // = 6.1442653300000000008655037797566933477355632930994033813476... * 10^-18
+  // and 29711844 * 2^-81
+  // = 1.2288530660000000001731007559513386695471126586198806762695... * 10^-17,
+  // and they are the unique counterexamples. However, since 29711844 is even,
+  // this does not cause any problem for the endpoints calculations; it can only
+  // cause a problem when we need to perform integer check for the center.
+  // Fortunately, with these inputs, that branch is never executed, so we are
+  // fine.
+  const typename cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_result z_mul =
+      cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul((two_fc | 1) << beta, cache);
+
+  // Step 2: Try larger divisor; remove trailing zeros if necessary.
+
+  // Using an upper bound on zi, we might be able to optimize the division
+  // better than the compiler; we are computing zi / big_divisor here.
+  decimal_fp<T> ret_value;
+  ret_value.significand = divide_by_10_to_kappa_plus_1(z_mul.result);
+  uint32_t r = static_cast<uint32_t>(z_mul.result - float_info<T>::big_divisor *
+                                                        ret_value.significand);
+
+  if (r < deltai) {
+    // Exclude the right endpoint if necessary.
+    if (r == 0 && (z_mul.is_integer & !include_right_endpoint)) {
+      --ret_value.significand;
+      r = float_info<T>::big_divisor;
+      goto small_divisor_case_label;
+    }
+  } else if (r > deltai) {
+    goto small_divisor_case_label;
+  } else {
+    // r == deltai; compare fractional parts.
+    const typename cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity_result x_mul =
+        cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity(two_fc - 1, cache, beta);
+
+    if (!(x_mul.parity | (x_mul.is_integer & include_left_endpoint)))
+      goto small_divisor_case_label;
+  }
+  ret_value.exponent = minus_k + float_info<T>::kappa + 1;
+
+  // We may need to remove trailing zeros.
+  ret_value.exponent += remove_trailing_zeros(ret_value.significand);
+  return ret_value;
+
+  // Step 3: Find the significand with the smaller divisor.
+
+small_divisor_case_label:
+  ret_value.significand *= 10;
+  ret_value.exponent = minus_k + float_info<T>::kappa;
+
+  uint32_t dist = r - (deltai / 2) + (float_info<T>::small_divisor / 2);
+  const bool approx_y_parity =
+      ((dist ^ (float_info<T>::small_divisor / 2)) & 1) != 0;
+
+  // Is dist divisible by 10^kappa?
+  const bool divisible_by_small_divisor =
+      check_divisibility_and_divide_by_pow10<float_info<T>::kappa>(dist);
+
+  // Add dist / 10^kappa to the significand.
+  ret_value.significand += dist;
+
+  if (!divisible_by_small_divisor) return ret_value;
+
+  // Check z^(f) >= epsilon^(f).
+  // We have either yi == zi - epsiloni or yi == (zi - epsiloni) - 1,
+  // where yi == zi - epsiloni if and only if z^(f) >= epsilon^(f).
+  // Since there are only 2 possibilities, we only need to care about the
+  // parity. Also, zi and r should have the same parity since the divisor
+  // is an even number.
+  const auto y_mul = cache_accessor<T>::compute_mul_parity(two_fc, cache, beta);
+
+  // If z^(f) >= epsilon^(f), we might have a tie when z^(f) == epsilon^(f),
+  // or equivalently, when y is an integer.
+  if (y_mul.parity != approx_y_parity)
+    --ret_value.significand;
+  else if (y_mul.is_integer & (ret_value.significand % 2 != 0))
+    --ret_value.significand;
+  return ret_value;
+}
+}  // namespace dragonbox
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <> struct formatter<detail::bigint> {
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(format_parse_context& ctx)
+      -> format_parse_context::iterator {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  auto format(const detail::bigint& n, format_context& ctx) const
+      -> format_context::iterator {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    bool first = true;
+    for (auto i = n.bigits_.size(); i > 0; --i) {
+      auto value = n.bigits_[i - 1u];
+      if (first) {
+        out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("{:x}"), value);
+        first = false;
+        continue;
+      }
+      out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("{:08x}"), value);
+    }
+    if (n.exp_ > 0)
+      out = fmt::format_to(out, FMT_STRING("p{}"),
+                           n.exp_ * detail::bigint::bigit_bits);
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_FUNC detail::utf8_to_utf16::utf8_to_utf16(string_view s) {
+  for_each_codepoint(s, [this](uint32_t cp, string_view) {
+    if (cp == invalid_code_point) FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("invalid utf8"));
+    if (cp <= 0xFFFF) {
+      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(cp));
+    } else {
+      cp -= 0x10000;
+      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(0xD800 + (cp >> 10)));
+      buffer_.push_back(static_cast<wchar_t>(0xDC00 + (cp & 0x3FF)));
+    }
+    return true;
+  });
+  buffer_.push_back(0);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void format_system_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                                  const char* message) noexcept {
+  FMT_TRY {
+    auto ec = std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category());
+    detail::write(appender(out), std::system_error(ec, message).what());
+    return;
+  }
+  FMT_CATCH(...) {}
+  format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void report_system_error(int error_code,
+                                  const char* message) noexcept {
+  report_error(format_system_error, error_code, message);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC auto vformat(string_view fmt, format_args args) -> std::string {
+  // Don't optimize the "{}" case to keep the binary size small and because it
+  // can be better optimized in fmt::format anyway.
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
+  return to_string(buffer);
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T> struct span {
+  T* data;
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+template <typename F> auto flockfile(F* f) -> decltype(_lock_file(f)) {
+  _lock_file(f);
+}
+template <typename F> auto funlockfile(F* f) -> decltype(_unlock_file(f)) {
+  _unlock_file(f);
+}
+
+#ifndef getc_unlocked
+template <typename F> auto getc_unlocked(F* f) -> decltype(_fgetc_nolock(f)) {
+  return _fgetc_nolock(f);
+}
+#endif
+
+template <typename F = FILE, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_flockfile : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename F>
+struct has_flockfile<F, void_t<decltype(flockfile(&std::declval<F&>()))>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// A FILE wrapper. F is FILE defined as a template parameter to make system API
+// detection work.
+template <typename F> class file_base {
+ public:
+  F* file_;
+
+ public:
+  file_base(F* file) : file_(file) {}
+  operator F*() const { return file_; }
+
+  // Reads a code unit from the stream.
+  auto get() -> int {
+    int result = getc_unlocked(file_);
+    if (result == EOF && ferror(file_) != 0)
+      FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("getc failed")));
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  // Puts the code unit back into the stream buffer.
+  void unget(char c) {
+    if (ungetc(c, file_) == EOF)
+      FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("ungetc failed")));
+  }
+
+  void flush() { fflush(this->file_); }
+};
+
+// A FILE wrapper for glibc.
+template <typename F> class glibc_file : public file_base<F> {
+ private:
+  enum {
+    line_buffered = 0x200,  // _IO_LINE_BUF
+    unbuffered = 2          // _IO_UNBUFFERED
+  };
+
+ public:
+  using file_base<F>::file_base;
+
+  auto is_buffered() const -> bool {
+    return (this->file_->_flags & unbuffered) == 0;
+  }
+
+  void init_buffer() {
+    if (this->file_->_IO_write_ptr) return;
+    // Force buffer initialization by placing and removing a char in a buffer.
+    putc_unlocked(0, this->file_);
+    --this->file_->_IO_write_ptr;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the file's read buffer.
+  auto get_read_buffer() const -> span<const char> {
+    auto ptr = this->file_->_IO_read_ptr;
+    return {ptr, to_unsigned(this->file_->_IO_read_end - ptr)};
+  }
+
+  // Returns the file's write buffer.
+  auto get_write_buffer() const -> span<char> {
+    auto ptr = this->file_->_IO_write_ptr;
+    return {ptr, to_unsigned(this->file_->_IO_buf_end - ptr)};
+  }
+
+  void advance_write_buffer(size_t size) { this->file_->_IO_write_ptr += size; }
+
+  bool needs_flush() const {
+    if ((this->file_->_flags & line_buffered) == 0) return false;
+    char* end = this->file_->_IO_write_end;
+    return memchr(end, '\n', to_unsigned(this->file_->_IO_write_ptr - end));
+  }
+
+  void flush() { fflush_unlocked(this->file_); }
+};
+
+// A FILE wrapper for Apple's libc.
+template <typename F> class apple_file : public file_base<F> {
+ private:
+  enum {
+    line_buffered = 1,  // __SNBF
+    unbuffered = 2      // __SLBF
+  };
+
+ public:
+  using file_base<F>::file_base;
+
+  auto is_buffered() const -> bool {
+    return (this->file_->_flags & unbuffered) == 0;
+  }
+
+  void init_buffer() {
+    if (this->file_->_p) return;
+    // Force buffer initialization by placing and removing a char in a buffer.
+    putc_unlocked(0, this->file_);
+    --this->file_->_p;
+    ++this->file_->_w;
+  }
+
+  auto get_read_buffer() const -> span<const char> {
+    return {reinterpret_cast<char*>(this->file_->_p),
+            to_unsigned(this->file_->_r)};
+  }
+
+  auto get_write_buffer() const -> span<char> {
+    return {reinterpret_cast<char*>(this->file_->_p),
+            to_unsigned(this->file_->_bf._base + this->file_->_bf._size -
+                        this->file_->_p)};
+  }
+
+  void advance_write_buffer(size_t size) {
+    this->file_->_p += size;
+    this->file_->_w -= size;
+  }
+
+  bool needs_flush() const {
+    if ((this->file_->_flags & line_buffered) == 0) return false;
+    return memchr(this->file_->_p + this->file_->_w, '\n',
+                  to_unsigned(-this->file_->_w));
+  }
+};
+
+// A fallback FILE wrapper.
+template <typename F> class fallback_file : public file_base<F> {
+ private:
+  char next_;  // The next unconsumed character in the buffer.
+  bool has_next_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  using file_base<F>::file_base;
+
+  auto is_buffered() const -> bool { return false; }
+  auto needs_flush() const -> bool { return false; }
+  void init_buffer() {}
+
+  auto get_read_buffer() const -> span<const char> {
+    return {&next_, has_next_ ? 1u : 0u};
+  }
+
+  auto get_write_buffer() const -> span<char> { return {nullptr, 0}; }
+
+  void advance_write_buffer(size_t) {}
+
+  auto get() -> int {
+    has_next_ = false;
+    return file_base<F>::get();
+  }
+
+  void unget(char c) {
+    file_base<F>::unget(c);
+    next_ = c;
+    has_next_ = true;
+  }
+};
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FALLBACK_FILE
+#  define FMT_USE_FALLBACK_FILE 1
+#endif
+
+template <typename F,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(F::_p) != 0 && !FMT_USE_FALLBACK_FILE)>
+auto get_file(F* f, int) -> apple_file<F> {
+  return f;
+}
+template <typename F,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(F::_IO_read_ptr) != 0 && !FMT_USE_FALLBACK_FILE)>
+inline auto get_file(F* f, int) -> glibc_file<F> {
+  return f;
+}
+
+inline auto get_file(FILE* f, ...) -> fallback_file<FILE> { return f; }
+
+using file_ref = decltype(get_file(static_cast<FILE*>(nullptr), 0));
+
+template <typename F = FILE, typename Enable = void>
+class file_print_buffer : public buffer<char> {
+ public:
+  explicit file_print_buffer(F*) : buffer(nullptr, size_t()) {}
+};
+
+template <typename F>
+class file_print_buffer<F, enable_if_t<has_flockfile<F>::value>>
+    : public buffer<char> {
+ private:
+  file_ref file_;
+
+  static void grow(buffer<char>& base, size_t) {
+    auto& self = static_cast<file_print_buffer&>(base);
+    self.file_.advance_write_buffer(self.size());
+    if (self.file_.get_write_buffer().size == 0) self.file_.flush();
+    auto buf = self.file_.get_write_buffer();
+    FMT_ASSERT(buf.size > 0, "");
+    self.set(buf.data, buf.size);
+    self.clear();
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit file_print_buffer(F* f) : buffer(grow, size_t()), file_(f) {
+    flockfile(f);
+    file_.init_buffer();
+    auto buf = file_.get_write_buffer();
+    set(buf.data, buf.size);
+  }
+  ~file_print_buffer() {
+    file_.advance_write_buffer(size());
+    bool flush = file_.needs_flush();
+    F* f = file_;    // Make funlockfile depend on the template parameter F
+    funlockfile(f);  // for the system API detection to work.
+    if (flush) fflush(file_);
+  }
+};
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) || defined(FMT_USE_WRITE_CONSOLE)
+FMT_FUNC auto write_console(int, string_view) -> bool { return false; }
+#else
+using dword = conditional_t<sizeof(long) == 4, unsigned long, unsigned>;
+extern "C" __declspec(dllimport) int __stdcall WriteConsoleW(  //
+    void*, const void*, dword, dword*, void*);
+
+FMT_FUNC bool write_console(int fd, string_view text) {
+  auto u16 = utf8_to_utf16(text);
+  return WriteConsoleW(reinterpret_cast<void*>(_get_osfhandle(fd)), u16.c_str(),
+                       static_cast<dword>(u16.size()), nullptr, nullptr) != 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// Print assuming legacy (non-Unicode) encoding.
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_mojibake(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args,
+                              bool newline) {
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
+  if (newline) buffer.push_back('\n');
+  fwrite_fully(buffer.data(), buffer.size(), f);
+}
+#endif
+
+FMT_FUNC void print(std::FILE* f, string_view text) {
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(FMT_USE_WRITE_CONSOLE)
+  int fd = _fileno(f);
+  if (_isatty(fd)) {
+    std::fflush(f);
+    if (write_console(fd, text)) return;
+  }
+#endif
+  fwrite_fully(text.data(), text.size(), f);
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint_buffered(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
+  detail::print(f, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()});
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
+  if (!detail::file_ref(f).is_buffered() || !detail::has_flockfile<>())
+    return vprint_buffered(f, fmt, args);
+  auto&& buffer = detail::file_print_buffer<>(f);
+  return detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprintln(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, format_args args) {
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, fmt, args);
+  buffer.push_back('\n');
+  detail::print(f, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()});
+}
+
+FMT_FUNC void vprint(string_view fmt, format_args args) {
+  vprint(stdout, fmt, args);
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+struct singleton {
+  unsigned char upper;
+  unsigned char lower_count;
+};
+
+inline auto is_printable(uint16_t x, const singleton* singletons,
+                         size_t singletons_size,
+                         const unsigned char* singleton_lowers,
+                         const unsigned char* normal, size_t normal_size)
+    -> bool {
+  auto upper = x >> 8;
+  auto lower_start = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < singletons_size; ++i) {
+    auto s = singletons[i];
+    auto lower_end = lower_start + s.lower_count;
+    if (upper < s.upper) break;
+    if (upper == s.upper) {
+      for (auto j = lower_start; j < lower_end; ++j) {
+        if (singleton_lowers[j] == (x & 0xff)) return false;
+      }
+    }
+    lower_start = lower_end;
+  }
+
+  auto xsigned = static_cast<int>(x);
+  auto current = true;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < normal_size; ++i) {
+    auto v = static_cast<int>(normal[i]);
+    auto len = (v & 0x80) != 0 ? (v & 0x7f) << 8 | normal[++i] : v;
+    xsigned -= len;
+    if (xsigned < 0) break;
+    current = !current;
+  }
+  return current;
+}
+
+// This code is generated by support/printable.py.
+FMT_FUNC auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool {
+  static constexpr singleton singletons0[] = {
+      {0x00, 1},  {0x03, 5},  {0x05, 6},  {0x06, 3},  {0x07, 6},  {0x08, 8},
+      {0x09, 17}, {0x0a, 28}, {0x0b, 25}, {0x0c, 20}, {0x0d, 16}, {0x0e, 13},
+      {0x0f, 4},  {0x10, 3},  {0x12, 18}, {0x13, 9},  {0x16, 1},  {0x17, 5},
+      {0x18, 2},  {0x19, 3},  {0x1a, 7},  {0x1c, 2},  {0x1d, 1},  {0x1f, 22},
+      {0x20, 3},  {0x2b, 3},  {0x2c, 2},  {0x2d, 11}, {0x2e, 1},  {0x30, 3},
+      {0x31, 2},  {0x32, 1},  {0xa7, 2},  {0xa9, 2},  {0xaa, 4},  {0xab, 8},
+      {0xfa, 2},  {0xfb, 5},  {0xfd, 4},  {0xfe, 3},  {0xff, 9},
+  };
+  static constexpr unsigned char singletons0_lower[] = {
+      0xad, 0x78, 0x79, 0x8b, 0x8d, 0xa2, 0x30, 0x57, 0x58, 0x8b, 0x8c, 0x90,
+      0x1c, 0x1d, 0xdd, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x4b, 0x4c, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0x2e, 0x2f, 0x3f,
+      0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5f, 0xb5, 0xe2, 0x84, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0x91, 0x92, 0xa9, 0xb1,
+      0xba, 0xbb, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xde, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xff, 0x00, 0x04,
+      0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x37, 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x3d, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x5d,
+      0x84, 0x8e, 0x92, 0xa9, 0xb1, 0xb4, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xc6, 0xca, 0xce, 0xcf,
+      0xe4, 0xe5, 0x00, 0x04, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x3a,
+      0x3b, 0x45, 0x46, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x5e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x84, 0x91, 0x9b, 0x9d,
+      0xc9, 0xce, 0xcf, 0x0d, 0x11, 0x29, 0x45, 0x49, 0x57, 0x64, 0x65, 0x8d,
+      0x91, 0xa9, 0xb4, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xc5, 0xc9, 0xdf, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xf0, 0x0d,
+      0x11, 0x45, 0x49, 0x64, 0x65, 0x80, 0x84, 0xb2, 0xbc, 0xbe, 0xbf, 0xd5,
+      0xd7, 0xf0, 0xf1, 0x83, 0x85, 0x8b, 0xa4, 0xa6, 0xbe, 0xbf, 0xc5, 0xc7,
+      0xce, 0xcf, 0xda, 0xdb, 0x48, 0x98, 0xbd, 0xcd, 0xc6, 0xce, 0xcf, 0x49,
+      0x4e, 0x4f, 0x57, 0x59, 0x5e, 0x5f, 0x89, 0x8e, 0x8f, 0xb1, 0xb6, 0xb7,
+      0xbf, 0xc1, 0xc6, 0xc7, 0xd7, 0x11, 0x16, 0x17, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0xf6, 0xf7,
+      0xfe, 0xff, 0x80, 0x0d, 0x6d, 0x71, 0xde, 0xdf, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x6e,
+      0x6f, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x5f, 0x7d, 0x7e, 0xae, 0xaf, 0xbb, 0xbc, 0xfa, 0x16,
+      0x17, 0x1e, 0x1f, 0x46, 0x47, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5c, 0x5e, 0x7e,
+      0x7f, 0xb5, 0xc5, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0xdc, 0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf5, 0x72, 0x73, 0x8f,
+      0x74, 0x75, 0x96, 0x2f, 0x5f, 0x26, 0x2e, 0x2f, 0xa7, 0xaf, 0xb7, 0xbf,
+      0xc7, 0xcf, 0xd7, 0xdf, 0x9a, 0x40, 0x97, 0x98, 0x30, 0x8f, 0x1f, 0xc0,
+      0xc1, 0xce, 0xff, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x5a, 0x5b, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x27,
+      0x2f, 0xee, 0xef, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x37, 0x3d, 0x3f, 0x42, 0x45, 0x90, 0x91,
+      0xfe, 0xff, 0x53, 0x67, 0x75, 0xc8, 0xc9, 0xd0, 0xd1, 0xd8, 0xd9, 0xe7,
+      0xfe, 0xff,
+  };
+  static constexpr singleton singletons1[] = {
+      {0x00, 6},  {0x01, 1}, {0x03, 1},  {0x04, 2}, {0x08, 8},  {0x09, 2},
+      {0x0a, 5},  {0x0b, 2}, {0x0e, 4},  {0x10, 1}, {0x11, 2},  {0x12, 5},
+      {0x13, 17}, {0x14, 1}, {0x15, 2},  {0x17, 2}, {0x19, 13}, {0x1c, 5},
+      {0x1d, 8},  {0x24, 1}, {0x6a, 3},  {0x6b, 2}, {0xbc, 2},  {0xd1, 2},
+      {0xd4, 12}, {0xd5, 9}, {0xd6, 2},  {0xd7, 2}, {0xda, 1},  {0xe0, 5},
+      {0xe1, 2},  {0xe8, 2}, {0xee, 32}, {0xf0, 4}, {0xf8, 2},  {0xf9, 2},
+      {0xfa, 2},  {0xfb, 1},
+  };
+  static constexpr unsigned char singletons1_lower[] = {
+      0x0c, 0x27, 0x3b, 0x3e, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x8f, 0x9e, 0x9e, 0x9f, 0x06, 0x07,
+      0x09, 0x36, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x56, 0xf3, 0xd0, 0xd1, 0x04, 0x14, 0x18, 0x36,
+      0x37, 0x56, 0x57, 0x7f, 0xaa, 0xae, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x35, 0xe0, 0x12, 0x87,
+      0x89, 0x8e, 0x9e, 0x04, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x11, 0x12, 0x29, 0x31, 0x34, 0x3a,
+      0x45, 0x46, 0x49, 0x4a, 0x4e, 0x4f, 0x64, 0x65, 0x5c, 0xb6, 0xb7, 0x1b,
+      0x1c, 0x07, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x14, 0x17, 0x36, 0x39, 0x3a, 0xa8, 0xa9,
+      0xd8, 0xd9, 0x09, 0x37, 0x90, 0x91, 0xa8, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x3b, 0x3e, 0x66,
+      0x69, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x6f, 0x5f, 0xee, 0xef, 0x5a, 0x62, 0x9a, 0x9b, 0x27,
+      0x28, 0x55, 0x9d, 0xa0, 0xa1, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa7, 0xa8, 0xad, 0xba, 0xbc,
+      0xc4, 0x06, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x1d, 0x3a, 0x3f, 0x45, 0x51, 0xa6, 0xa7,
+      0xcc, 0xcd, 0xa0, 0x07, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x22, 0x25, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0xc5, 0xc6,
+      0x04, 0x20, 0x23, 0x25, 0x26, 0x28, 0x33, 0x38, 0x3a, 0x48, 0x4a, 0x4c,
+      0x50, 0x53, 0x55, 0x56, 0x58, 0x5a, 0x5c, 0x5e, 0x60, 0x63, 0x65, 0x66,
+      0x6b, 0x73, 0x78, 0x7d, 0x7f, 0x8a, 0xa4, 0xaa, 0xaf, 0xb0, 0xc0, 0xd0,
+      0xae, 0xaf, 0x79, 0xcc, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x93,
+  };
+  static constexpr unsigned char normal0[] = {
+      0x00, 0x20, 0x5f, 0x22, 0x82, 0xdf, 0x04, 0x82, 0x44, 0x08, 0x1b, 0x04,
+      0x06, 0x11, 0x81, 0xac, 0x0e, 0x80, 0xab, 0x35, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x80, 0xe0,
+      0x03, 0x19, 0x08, 0x01, 0x04, 0x2f, 0x04, 0x34, 0x04, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01,
+      0x07, 0x06, 0x07, 0x11, 0x0a, 0x50, 0x0f, 0x12, 0x07, 0x55, 0x07, 0x03,
+      0x04, 0x1c, 0x0a, 0x09, 0x03, 0x08, 0x03, 0x07, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03,
+      0x03, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x05, 0x03, 0x0b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x0e, 0x15, 0x05, 0x3a,
+      0x03, 0x11, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x10, 0x07, 0x57, 0x07, 0x02, 0x07, 0x15,
+      0x0d, 0x50, 0x04, 0x43, 0x03, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x01, 0x04, 0x11, 0x06, 0x0f,
+      0x0c, 0x3a, 0x04, 0x1d, 0x25, 0x5f, 0x20, 0x6d, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x25, 0x80,
+      0xc8, 0x05, 0x82, 0xb0, 0x03, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x82, 0xfd, 0x03, 0x59, 0x07,
+      0x15, 0x0b, 0x17, 0x09, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x6a, 0x06, 0x0a, 0x06,
+      0x1a, 0x06, 0x59, 0x07, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x04,
+      0x01, 0x03, 0x31, 0x0b, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x1a, 0x06, 0x0b, 0x03, 0x80, 0xac,
+      0x06, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x21, 0x3f, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x74, 0x08, 0x3c,
+      0x03, 0x0f, 0x03, 0x3c, 0x07, 0x38, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x82, 0xff, 0x11,
+      0x18, 0x08, 0x2f, 0x11, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x20, 0x10, 0x21, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x8c,
+      0x04, 0x82, 0x97, 0x19, 0x0b, 0x15, 0x88, 0x94, 0x05, 0x2f, 0x05, 0x3b,
+      0x07, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x18, 0x09, 0x80, 0xb3, 0x2d, 0x74, 0x0c, 0x80, 0xd6,
+      0x1a, 0x0c, 0x05, 0x80, 0xff, 0x05, 0x80, 0xdf, 0x0c, 0xee, 0x0d, 0x03,
+      0x84, 0x8d, 0x03, 0x37, 0x09, 0x81, 0x5c, 0x14, 0x80, 0xb8, 0x08, 0x80,
+      0xcb, 0x2a, 0x38, 0x03, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x38, 0x08, 0x46, 0x08, 0x0c, 0x06,
+      0x74, 0x0b, 0x1e, 0x03, 0x5a, 0x04, 0x59, 0x09, 0x80, 0x83, 0x18, 0x1c,
+      0x0a, 0x16, 0x09, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x80, 0x8a, 0x06, 0xab, 0xa4, 0x0c, 0x17,
+      0x04, 0x31, 0xa1, 0x04, 0x81, 0xda, 0x26, 0x07, 0x0c, 0x05, 0x05, 0x80,
+      0xa5, 0x11, 0x81, 0x6d, 0x10, 0x78, 0x28, 0x2a, 0x06, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x80,
+      0x8d, 0x04, 0x80, 0xbe, 0x03, 0x1b, 0x03, 0x0f, 0x0d,
+  };
+  static constexpr unsigned char normal1[] = {
+      0x5e, 0x22, 0x7b, 0x05, 0x03, 0x04, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x66, 0x03, 0x01, 0x2f,
+      0x2e, 0x80, 0x82, 0x1d, 0x03, 0x31, 0x0f, 0x1c, 0x04, 0x24, 0x09, 0x1e,
+      0x05, 0x2b, 0x05, 0x44, 0x04, 0x0e, 0x2a, 0x80, 0xaa, 0x06, 0x24, 0x04,
+      0x24, 0x04, 0x28, 0x08, 0x34, 0x0b, 0x01, 0x80, 0x90, 0x81, 0x37, 0x09,
+      0x16, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x80, 0x98, 0x39, 0x03, 0x63, 0x08, 0x09, 0x30, 0x16,
+      0x05, 0x21, 0x03, 0x1b, 0x05, 0x01, 0x40, 0x38, 0x04, 0x4b, 0x05, 0x2f,
+      0x04, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x09, 0x07, 0x40, 0x20, 0x27, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x09, 0x36,
+      0x03, 0x3a, 0x05, 0x1a, 0x07, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x07, 0x50, 0x49, 0x37, 0x33,
+      0x0d, 0x33, 0x07, 0x2e, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x81, 0x26, 0x52, 0x4e, 0x28, 0x08,
+      0x2a, 0x56, 0x1c, 0x14, 0x17, 0x09, 0x4e, 0x04, 0x1e, 0x0f, 0x43, 0x0e,
+      0x19, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x48, 0x08, 0x27, 0x09, 0x75, 0x0b, 0x3f, 0x41,
+      0x2a, 0x06, 0x3b, 0x05, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x51, 0x06, 0x01, 0x05, 0x10, 0x03,
+      0x05, 0x80, 0x8b, 0x62, 0x1e, 0x48, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x80, 0xa6, 0x5e, 0x22,
+      0x45, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x0d, 0x13, 0x39, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x36, 0x2c, 0x04,
+      0x10, 0x80, 0xc0, 0x3c, 0x64, 0x53, 0x0c, 0x48, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x46, 0x45,
+      0x1b, 0x48, 0x08, 0x53, 0x1d, 0x39, 0x81, 0x07, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x1d, 0x03,
+      0x47, 0x49, 0x37, 0x03, 0x0e, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x39, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x81,
+      0x36, 0x19, 0x80, 0xb7, 0x01, 0x0f, 0x32, 0x0d, 0x83, 0x9b, 0x66, 0x75,
+      0x0b, 0x80, 0xc4, 0x8a, 0xbc, 0x84, 0x2f, 0x8f, 0xd1, 0x82, 0x47, 0xa1,
+      0xb9, 0x82, 0x39, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x60, 0x26, 0x0a, 0x46, 0x0a,
+      0x28, 0x05, 0x13, 0x82, 0xb0, 0x5b, 0x65, 0x4b, 0x04, 0x39, 0x07, 0x11,
+      0x40, 0x05, 0x0b, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x97, 0xf8, 0x08, 0x84, 0xd6, 0x2a, 0x09,
+      0xa2, 0xf7, 0x81, 0x1f, 0x31, 0x03, 0x11, 0x04, 0x08, 0x81, 0x8c, 0x89,
+      0x04, 0x6b, 0x05, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x09, 0x07, 0x10, 0x93, 0x60, 0x80, 0xf6,
+      0x0a, 0x73, 0x08, 0x6e, 0x17, 0x46, 0x80, 0x9a, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x57, 0x09,
+      0x19, 0x80, 0x87, 0x81, 0x47, 0x03, 0x85, 0x42, 0x0f, 0x15, 0x85, 0x50,
+      0x2b, 0x80, 0xd5, 0x2d, 0x03, 0x1a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x81, 0x70, 0x3a, 0x05,
+      0x01, 0x85, 0x00, 0x80, 0xd7, 0x29, 0x4c, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x02, 0x83,
+      0x11, 0x44, 0x4c, 0x3d, 0x80, 0xc2, 0x3c, 0x06, 0x01, 0x04, 0x55, 0x05,
+      0x1b, 0x34, 0x02, 0x81, 0x0e, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x64, 0x0c, 0x56, 0x0a, 0x80,
+      0xae, 0x38, 0x1d, 0x0d, 0x2c, 0x04, 0x09, 0x07, 0x02, 0x0e, 0x06, 0x80,
+      0x9a, 0x83, 0xd8, 0x08, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x74, 0x0c, 0x59, 0x07,
+      0x0c, 0x14, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x38, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x28, 0x08, 0x22, 0x4e,
+      0x81, 0x54, 0x0c, 0x15, 0x03, 0x03, 0x05, 0x07, 0x09, 0x19, 0x07, 0x07,
+      0x09, 0x03, 0x0d, 0x07, 0x29, 0x80, 0xcb, 0x25, 0x0a, 0x84, 0x06,
+  };
+  auto lower = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
+  if (cp < 0x10000) {
+    return is_printable(lower, singletons0,
+                        sizeof(singletons0) / sizeof(*singletons0),
+                        singletons0_lower, normal0, sizeof(normal0));
+  }
+  if (cp < 0x20000) {
+    return is_printable(lower, singletons1,
+                        sizeof(singletons1) / sizeof(*singletons1),
+                        singletons1_lower, normal1, sizeof(normal1));
+  }
+  if (0x2a6de <= cp && cp < 0x2a700) return false;
+  if (0x2b735 <= cp && cp < 0x2b740) return false;
+  if (0x2b81e <= cp && cp < 0x2b820) return false;
+  if (0x2cea2 <= cp && cp < 0x2ceb0) return false;
+  if (0x2ebe1 <= cp && cp < 0x2f800) return false;
+  if (0x2fa1e <= cp && cp < 0x30000) return false;
+  if (0x3134b <= cp && cp < 0xe0100) return false;
+  if (0xe01f0 <= cp && cp < 0x110000) return false;
+  return cp < 0x110000;
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_FORMAT_INL_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67f0ab7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/format.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4427 @@
+/*
+  Formatting library for C++
+
+  Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+  a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+  distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+  the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+  included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+  OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+  WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+  --- Optional exception to the license ---
+
+  As an exception, if, as a result of your compiling your source code, portions
+  of this Software are embedded into a machine-executable object form of such
+  source code, you may redistribute such embedded portions in such object form
+  without including the above copyright and permission notices.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FMT_FORMAT_H_
+#define FMT_FORMAT_H_
+
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
+#  define _LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
+#  define FMT_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
+#endif
+
+#include "base.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <cmath>             // std::signbit
+#  include <cstdint>           // uint32_t
+#  include <cstring>           // std::memcpy
+#  include <initializer_list>  // std::initializer_list
+#  include <limits>            // std::numeric_limits
+#  if defined(__GLIBCXX__) && !defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI)
+// Workaround for pre gcc 5 libstdc++.
+#    include <memory>  // std::allocator_traits
+#  endif
+#  include <stdexcept>     // std::runtime_error
+#  include <string>        // std::string
+#  include <system_error>  // std::system_error
+
+// Checking FMT_CPLUSPLUS for warning suppression in MSVC.
+#  if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<bit>) && FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 201703L
+#    include <bit>  // std::bit_cast
+#  endif
+
+// libc++ supports string_view in pre-c++17.
+#  if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<string_view>) && \
+      (FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L || defined(_LIBCPP_VERSION))
+#    include <string_view>
+#    define FMT_USE_STRING_VIEW
+#  endif
+#endif  // FMT_MODULE
+
+#if defined __cpp_inline_variables && __cpp_inline_variables >= 201606L
+#  define FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE inline
+#else
+#  define FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
+#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L
+#    if FMT_HAS_CPP_ATTRIBUTE(no_unique_address)
+#      define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[no_unique_address]]
+// VS2019 v16.10 and later except clang-cl (https://reviews.llvm.org/D110485).
+#    elif (FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1929) && !FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#      define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[msvc::no_unique_address]]
+#    endif
+#  endif
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
+#  define FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS
+#endif
+
+// Visibility when compiled as a shared library/object.
+#if defined(FMT_LIB_EXPORT) || defined(FMT_SHARED)
+#  define FMT_SO_VISIBILITY(value) FMT_VISIBILITY(value)
+#else
+#  define FMT_SO_VISIBILITY(value)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __has_builtin
+#  define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) __has_builtin(x)
+#else
+#  define FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(x) 0
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#  define FMT_NOINLINE __attribute__((noinline))
+#else
+#  define FMT_NOINLINE
+#endif
+
+namespace std {
+template <> struct iterator_traits<fmt::appender> {
+  using iterator_category = output_iterator_tag;
+  using value_type = char;
+};
+}  // namespace std
+
+#ifndef FMT_THROW
+#  if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
+#    if FMT_MSC_VERSION || defined(__NVCC__)
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+template <typename Exception> inline void do_throw(const Exception& x) {
+  // Silence unreachable code warnings in MSVC and NVCC because these
+  // are nearly impossible to fix in a generic code.
+  volatile bool b = true;
+  if (b) throw x;
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#      define FMT_THROW(x) detail::do_throw(x)
+#    else
+#      define FMT_THROW(x) throw x
+#    endif
+#  else
+#    define FMT_THROW(x) \
+      ::fmt::detail::assert_fail(__FILE__, __LINE__, (x).what())
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
+#  if FMT_HAS_CPP17_ATTRIBUTE(maybe_unused)
+#    define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED [[maybe_unused]]
+#  else
+#    define FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+// EDG based compilers (Intel, NVIDIA, Elbrus, etc), GCC and MSVC support UDLs.
+//
+// GCC before 4.9 requires a space in `operator"" _a` which is invalid in later
+// compiler versions.
+#  if (FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_user_literals) || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 409 || \
+       FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1900) &&                                     \
+      (!defined(__EDG_VERSION__) || __EDG_VERSION__ >= /* UDL feature */ 480)
+#    define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 1
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Defining FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS to 1, will reduce the number of
+// integer formatter template instantiations to just one by only using the
+// largest integer type. This results in a reduction in binary size but will
+// cause a decrease in integer formatting performance.
+#if !defined(FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS)
+#  define FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS 0
+#endif
+
+// __builtin_clz is broken in clang with Microsoft CodeGen:
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/519.
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION
+#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clz) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION
+#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) __builtin_clz(n)
+#  endif
+#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_clzll) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION
+#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) __builtin_clzll(n)
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// __builtin_ctz is broken in Intel Compiler Classic on Windows:
+// https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/2510.
+#ifndef __ICL
+#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctz) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_ICC_VERSION || \
+      defined(__NVCOMPILER)
+#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZ(n) __builtin_ctz(n)
+#  endif
+#  if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ctzll) || FMT_GCC_VERSION || \
+      FMT_ICC_VERSION || defined(__NVCOMPILER)
+#    define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL(n) __builtin_ctzll(n)
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION
+#  include <intrin.h>  // _BitScanReverse[64], _BitScanForward[64], _umul128
+#endif
+
+// Some compilers masquerade as both MSVC and GCC-likes or otherwise support
+// __builtin_clz and __builtin_clzll, so only define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ using the
+// MSVC intrinsics if the clz and clzll builtins are not available.
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION && !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL) && \
+    !defined(FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL)
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+// Avoid Clang with Microsoft CodeGen's -Wunknown-pragmas warning.
+#  if !defined(__clang__)
+#    pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
+#    pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
+#    if defined(_WIN64)
+#      pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward64)
+#      pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse64)
+#    endif
+#  endif
+
+inline auto clz(uint32_t x) -> int {
+  unsigned long r = 0;
+  _BitScanReverse(&r, x);
+  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
+  // Static analysis complains about using uninitialized data
+  // "r", but the only way that can happen is if "x" is 0,
+  // which the callers guarantee to not happen.
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)
+  return 31 ^ static_cast<int>(r);
+}
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n) detail::clz(n)
+
+inline auto clzll(uint64_t x) -> int {
+  unsigned long r = 0;
+#  ifdef _WIN64
+  _BitScanReverse64(&r, x);
+#  else
+  // Scan the high 32 bits.
+  if (_BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32)))
+    return 63 ^ static_cast<int>(r + 32);
+  // Scan the low 32 bits.
+  _BitScanReverse(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x));
+#  endif
+  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
+  return 63 ^ static_cast<int>(r);
+}
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n) detail::clzll(n)
+
+inline auto ctz(uint32_t x) -> int {
+  unsigned long r = 0;
+  _BitScanForward(&r, x);
+  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
+  return static_cast<int>(r);
+}
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZ(n) detail::ctz(n)
+
+inline auto ctzll(uint64_t x) -> int {
+  unsigned long r = 0;
+  FMT_ASSERT(x != 0, "");
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 6102)  // Suppress a bogus static analysis warning.
+#  ifdef _WIN64
+  _BitScanForward64(&r, x);
+#  else
+  // Scan the low 32 bits.
+  if (_BitScanForward(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x))) return static_cast<int>(r);
+  // Scan the high 32 bits.
+  _BitScanForward(&r, static_cast<uint32_t>(x >> 32));
+  r += 32;
+#  endif
+  return static_cast<int>(r);
+}
+#  define FMT_BUILTIN_CTZLL(n) detail::ctzll(n)
+}  // namespace detail
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+template <typename Char, typename Traits, typename Allocator>
+struct is_contiguous<std::basic_string<Char, Traits, Allocator>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline void abort_fuzzing_if(bool condition) {
+  ignore_unused(condition);
+#ifdef FMT_FUZZ
+  if (condition) throw std::runtime_error("fuzzing limit reached");
+#endif
+}
+
+#if defined(FMT_USE_STRING_VIEW)
+template <typename Char> using std_string_view = std::basic_string_view<Char>;
+#else
+template <typename T> struct std_string_view {};
+#endif
+
+// Implementation of std::bit_cast for pre-C++20.
+template <typename To, typename From, FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(To) == sizeof(From))>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto bit_cast(const From& from) -> To {
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_bit_cast
+  if (is_constant_evaluated()) return std::bit_cast<To>(from);
+#endif
+  auto to = To();
+  // The cast suppresses a bogus -Wclass-memaccess on GCC.
+  std::memcpy(static_cast<void*>(&to), &from, sizeof(to));
+  return to;
+}
+
+inline auto is_big_endian() -> bool {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  return false;
+#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
+  return true;
+#elif defined(__BYTE_ORDER__) && defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
+  return __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__;
+#else
+  struct bytes {
+    char data[sizeof(int)];
+  };
+  return bit_cast<bytes>(1).data[0] == 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+class uint128_fallback {
+ private:
+  uint64_t lo_, hi_;
+
+ public:
+  constexpr uint128_fallback(uint64_t hi, uint64_t lo) : lo_(lo), hi_(hi) {}
+  constexpr uint128_fallback(uint64_t value = 0) : lo_(value), hi_(0) {}
+
+  constexpr auto high() const noexcept -> uint64_t { return hi_; }
+  constexpr auto low() const noexcept -> uint64_t { return lo_; }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  constexpr explicit operator T() const {
+    return static_cast<T>(lo_);
+  }
+
+  friend constexpr auto operator==(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                                   const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.hi_ == rhs.hi_ && lhs.lo_ == rhs.lo_;
+  }
+  friend constexpr auto operator!=(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                                   const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
+    return !(lhs == rhs);
+  }
+  friend constexpr auto operator>(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> bool {
+    return lhs.hi_ != rhs.hi_ ? lhs.hi_ > rhs.hi_ : lhs.lo_ > rhs.lo_;
+  }
+  friend constexpr auto operator|(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs)
+      -> uint128_fallback {
+    return {lhs.hi_ | rhs.hi_, lhs.lo_ | rhs.lo_};
+  }
+  friend constexpr auto operator&(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                                  const uint128_fallback& rhs)
+      -> uint128_fallback {
+    return {lhs.hi_ & rhs.hi_, lhs.lo_ & rhs.lo_};
+  }
+  friend constexpr auto operator~(const uint128_fallback& n)
+      -> uint128_fallback {
+    return {~n.hi_, ~n.lo_};
+  }
+  friend auto operator+(const uint128_fallback& lhs,
+                        const uint128_fallback& rhs) -> uint128_fallback {
+    auto result = uint128_fallback(lhs);
+    result += rhs;
+    return result;
+  }
+  friend auto operator*(const uint128_fallback& lhs, uint32_t rhs)
+      -> uint128_fallback {
+    FMT_ASSERT(lhs.hi_ == 0, "");
+    uint64_t hi = (lhs.lo_ >> 32) * rhs;
+    uint64_t lo = (lhs.lo_ & ~uint32_t()) * rhs;
+    uint64_t new_lo = (hi << 32) + lo;
+    return {(hi >> 32) + (new_lo < lo ? 1 : 0), new_lo};
+  }
+  friend auto operator-(const uint128_fallback& lhs, uint64_t rhs)
+      -> uint128_fallback {
+    return {lhs.hi_ - (lhs.lo_ < rhs ? 1 : 0), lhs.lo_ - rhs};
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator>>(int shift) const -> uint128_fallback {
+    if (shift == 64) return {0, hi_};
+    if (shift > 64) return uint128_fallback(0, hi_) >> (shift - 64);
+    return {hi_ >> shift, (hi_ << (64 - shift)) | (lo_ >> shift)};
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator<<(int shift) const -> uint128_fallback {
+    if (shift == 64) return {lo_, 0};
+    if (shift > 64) return uint128_fallback(lo_, 0) << (shift - 64);
+    return {hi_ << shift | (lo_ >> (64 - shift)), (lo_ << shift)};
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator>>=(int shift) -> uint128_fallback& {
+    return *this = *this >> shift;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator+=(uint128_fallback n) {
+    uint64_t new_lo = lo_ + n.lo_;
+    uint64_t new_hi = hi_ + n.hi_ + (new_lo < lo_ ? 1 : 0);
+    FMT_ASSERT(new_hi >= hi_, "");
+    lo_ = new_lo;
+    hi_ = new_hi;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator&=(uint128_fallback n) {
+    lo_ &= n.lo_;
+    hi_ &= n.hi_;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator+=(uint64_t n) noexcept -> uint128_fallback& {
+    if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
+      lo_ += n;
+      hi_ += (lo_ < n ? 1 : 0);
+      return *this;
+    }
+#if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_addcll) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
+    unsigned long long carry;
+    lo_ = __builtin_addcll(lo_, n, 0, &carry);
+    hi_ += carry;
+#elif FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_ia32_addcarryx_u64) && !defined(__ibmxl__)
+    unsigned long long result;
+    auto carry = __builtin_ia32_addcarryx_u64(0, lo_, n, &result);
+    lo_ = result;
+    hi_ += carry;
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
+    auto carry = _addcarry_u64(0, lo_, n, &lo_);
+    _addcarry_u64(carry, hi_, 0, &hi_);
+#else
+    lo_ += n;
+    hi_ += (lo_ < n ? 1 : 0);
+#endif
+    return *this;
+  }
+};
+
+using uint128_t = conditional_t<FMT_USE_INT128, uint128_opt, uint128_fallback>;
+
+#ifdef UINTPTR_MAX
+using uintptr_t = ::uintptr_t;
+#else
+using uintptr_t = uint128_t;
+#endif
+
+// Returns the largest possible value for type T. Same as
+// std::numeric_limits<T>::max() but shorter and not affected by the max macro.
+template <typename T> constexpr auto max_value() -> T {
+  return (std::numeric_limits<T>::max)();
+}
+template <typename T> constexpr auto num_bits() -> int {
+  return std::numeric_limits<T>::digits;
+}
+// std::numeric_limits<T>::digits may return 0 for 128-bit ints.
+template <> constexpr auto num_bits<int128_opt>() -> int { return 128; }
+template <> constexpr auto num_bits<uint128_opt>() -> int { return 128; }
+template <> constexpr auto num_bits<uint128_fallback>() -> int { return 128; }
+
+// A heterogeneous bit_cast used for converting 96-bit long double to uint128_t
+// and 128-bit pointers to uint128_fallback.
+template <typename To, typename From, FMT_ENABLE_IF(sizeof(To) > sizeof(From))>
+inline auto bit_cast(const From& from) -> To {
+  constexpr auto size = static_cast<int>(sizeof(From) / sizeof(unsigned));
+  struct data_t {
+    unsigned value[static_cast<unsigned>(size)];
+  } data = bit_cast<data_t>(from);
+  auto result = To();
+  if (const_check(is_big_endian())) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
+      result = (result << num_bits<unsigned>()) | data.value[i];
+  } else {
+    for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; --i)
+      result = (result << num_bits<unsigned>()) | data.value[i];
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+template <typename UInt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero_fallback(UInt n) -> int {
+  int lz = 0;
+  constexpr UInt msb_mask = static_cast<UInt>(1) << (num_bits<UInt>() - 1);
+  for (; (n & msb_mask) == 0; n <<= 1) lz++;
+  return lz;
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero(uint32_t n) -> int {
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) return FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n);
+#endif
+  return countl_zero_fallback(n);
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto countl_zero(uint64_t n) -> int {
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) return FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n);
+#endif
+  return countl_zero_fallback(n);
+}
+
+FMT_INLINE void assume(bool condition) {
+  (void)condition;
+#if FMT_HAS_BUILTIN(__builtin_assume) && !FMT_ICC_VERSION
+  __builtin_assume(condition);
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION
+  if (!condition) __builtin_unreachable();
+#endif
+}
+
+// An approximation of iterator_t for pre-C++20 systems.
+template <typename T>
+using iterator_t = decltype(std::begin(std::declval<T&>()));
+template <typename T> using sentinel_t = decltype(std::end(std::declval<T&>()));
+
+// A workaround for std::string not having mutable data() until C++17.
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto get_data(std::basic_string<Char>& s) -> Char* {
+  return &s[0];
+}
+template <typename Container>
+inline auto get_data(Container& c) -> typename Container::value_type* {
+  return c.data();
+}
+
+// Attempts to reserve space for n extra characters in the output range.
+// Returns a pointer to the reserved range or a reference to it.
+template <typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value&&
+                            is_contiguous<typename OutputIt::container>::value)>
+#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION >= 307 && !FMT_ICC_VERSION
+__attribute__((no_sanitize("undefined")))
+#endif
+inline auto
+reserve(OutputIt it, size_t n) -> typename OutputIt::value_type* {
+  auto& c = get_container(it);
+  size_t size = c.size();
+  c.resize(size + n);
+  return get_data(c) + size;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline auto reserve(basic_appender<T> it, size_t n) -> basic_appender<T> {
+  buffer<T>& buf = get_container(it);
+  buf.try_reserve(buf.size() + n);
+  return it;
+}
+
+template <typename Iterator>
+constexpr auto reserve(Iterator& it, size_t) -> Iterator& {
+  return it;
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt>
+using reserve_iterator =
+    remove_reference_t<decltype(reserve(std::declval<OutputIt&>(), 0))>;
+
+template <typename T, typename OutputIt>
+constexpr auto to_pointer(OutputIt, size_t) -> T* {
+  return nullptr;
+}
+template <typename T> auto to_pointer(basic_appender<T> it, size_t n) -> T* {
+  buffer<T>& buf = get_container(it);
+  auto size = buf.size();
+  buf.try_reserve(size + n);
+  if (buf.capacity() < size + n) return nullptr;
+  buf.try_resize(size + n);
+  return buf.data() + size;
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_back_insert_iterator<OutputIt>::value&&
+                            is_contiguous<typename OutputIt::container>::value)>
+inline auto base_iterator(OutputIt it,
+                          typename OutputIt::container_type::value_type*)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  return it;
+}
+
+template <typename Iterator>
+constexpr auto base_iterator(Iterator, Iterator it) -> Iterator {
+  return it;
+}
+
+// <algorithm> is spectacularly slow to compile in C++20 so use a simple fill_n
+// instead (#1998).
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Size, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fill_n(OutputIt out, Size count, const T& value)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  for (Size i = 0; i < count; ++i) *out++ = value;
+  return out;
+}
+template <typename T, typename Size>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto fill_n(T* out, Size count, char value) -> T* {
+  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
+    return fill_n<T*, Size, T>(out, count, value);
+  }
+  std::memset(out, value, to_unsigned(count));
+  return out + count;
+}
+
+template <typename OutChar, typename InputIt, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_NOINLINE auto copy_noinline(InputIt begin, InputIt end,
+                                              OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+  return copy<OutChar>(begin, end, out);
+}
+
+// A public domain branchless UTF-8 decoder by Christopher Wellons:
+// https://github.com/skeeto/branchless-utf8
+/* Decode the next character, c, from s, reporting errors in e.
+ *
+ * Since this is a branchless decoder, four bytes will be read from the
+ * buffer regardless of the actual length of the next character. This
+ * means the buffer _must_ have at least three bytes of zero padding
+ * following the end of the data stream.
+ *
+ * Errors are reported in e, which will be non-zero if the parsed
+ * character was somehow invalid: invalid byte sequence, non-canonical
+ * encoding, or a surrogate half.
+ *
+ * The function returns a pointer to the next character. When an error
+ * occurs, this pointer will be a guess that depends on the particular
+ * error, but it will always advance at least one byte.
+ */
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto utf8_decode(const char* s, uint32_t* c, int* e)
+    -> const char* {
+  constexpr const int masks[] = {0x00, 0x7f, 0x1f, 0x0f, 0x07};
+  constexpr const uint32_t mins[] = {4194304, 0, 128, 2048, 65536};
+  constexpr const int shiftc[] = {0, 18, 12, 6, 0};
+  constexpr const int shifte[] = {0, 6, 4, 2, 0};
+
+  int len = "\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\2\2\2\3\3\4"
+      [static_cast<unsigned char>(*s) >> 3];
+  // Compute the pointer to the next character early so that the next
+  // iteration can start working on the next character. Neither Clang
+  // nor GCC figure out this reordering on their own.
+  const char* next = s + len + !len;
+
+  using uchar = unsigned char;
+
+  // Assume a four-byte character and load four bytes. Unused bits are
+  // shifted out.
+  *c = uint32_t(uchar(s[0]) & masks[len]) << 18;
+  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[1]) & 0x3f) << 12;
+  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[2]) & 0x3f) << 6;
+  *c |= uint32_t(uchar(s[3]) & 0x3f) << 0;
+  *c >>= shiftc[len];
+
+  // Accumulate the various error conditions.
+  *e = (*c < mins[len]) << 6;       // non-canonical encoding
+  *e |= ((*c >> 11) == 0x1b) << 7;  // surrogate half?
+  *e |= (*c > 0x10FFFF) << 8;       // out of range?
+  *e |= (uchar(s[1]) & 0xc0) >> 2;
+  *e |= (uchar(s[2]) & 0xc0) >> 4;
+  *e |= uchar(s[3]) >> 6;
+  *e ^= 0x2a;  // top two bits of each tail byte correct?
+  *e >>= shifte[len];
+
+  return next;
+}
+
+constexpr FMT_INLINE_VARIABLE uint32_t invalid_code_point = ~uint32_t();
+
+// Invokes f(cp, sv) for every code point cp in s with sv being the string view
+// corresponding to the code point. cp is invalid_code_point on error.
+template <typename F>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each_codepoint(string_view s, F f) {
+  auto decode = [f](const char* buf_ptr, const char* ptr) {
+    auto cp = uint32_t();
+    auto error = 0;
+    auto end = utf8_decode(buf_ptr, &cp, &error);
+    bool result = f(error ? invalid_code_point : cp,
+                    string_view(ptr, error ? 1 : to_unsigned(end - buf_ptr)));
+    return result ? (error ? buf_ptr + 1 : end) : nullptr;
+  };
+  auto p = s.data();
+  const size_t block_size = 4;  // utf8_decode always reads blocks of 4 chars.
+  if (s.size() >= block_size) {
+    for (auto end = p + s.size() - block_size + 1; p < end;) {
+      p = decode(p, p);
+      if (!p) return;
+    }
+  }
+  if (auto num_chars_left = s.data() + s.size() - p) {
+    char buf[2 * block_size - 1] = {};
+    copy<char>(p, p + num_chars_left, buf);
+    const char* buf_ptr = buf;
+    do {
+      auto end = decode(buf_ptr, p);
+      if (!end) return;
+      p += end - buf_ptr;
+      buf_ptr = end;
+    } while (buf_ptr - buf < num_chars_left);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto compute_width(basic_string_view<Char> s) -> size_t {
+  return s.size();
+}
+
+// Computes approximate display width of a UTF-8 string.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto compute_width(string_view s) -> size_t {
+  size_t num_code_points = 0;
+  // It is not a lambda for compatibility with C++14.
+  struct count_code_points {
+    size_t* count;
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(uint32_t cp, string_view) const -> bool {
+      *count += detail::to_unsigned(
+          1 +
+          (cp >= 0x1100 &&
+           (cp <= 0x115f ||  // Hangul Jamo init. consonants
+            cp == 0x2329 ||  // LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
+            cp == 0x232a ||  // RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET
+            // CJK ... Yi except IDEOGRAPHIC HALF FILL SPACE:
+            (cp >= 0x2e80 && cp <= 0xa4cf && cp != 0x303f) ||
+            (cp >= 0xac00 && cp <= 0xd7a3) ||    // Hangul Syllables
+            (cp >= 0xf900 && cp <= 0xfaff) ||    // CJK Compatibility Ideographs
+            (cp >= 0xfe10 && cp <= 0xfe19) ||    // Vertical Forms
+            (cp >= 0xfe30 && cp <= 0xfe6f) ||    // CJK Compatibility Forms
+            (cp >= 0xff00 && cp <= 0xff60) ||    // Fullwidth Forms
+            (cp >= 0xffe0 && cp <= 0xffe6) ||    // Fullwidth Forms
+            (cp >= 0x20000 && cp <= 0x2fffd) ||  // CJK
+            (cp >= 0x30000 && cp <= 0x3fffd) ||
+            // Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs + Emoticons:
+            (cp >= 0x1f300 && cp <= 0x1f64f) ||
+            // Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs:
+            (cp >= 0x1f900 && cp <= 0x1f9ff))));
+      return true;
+    }
+  };
+  // We could avoid branches by using utf8_decode directly.
+  for_each_codepoint(s, count_code_points{&num_code_points});
+  return num_code_points;
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto code_point_index(basic_string_view<Char> s, size_t n) -> size_t {
+  size_t size = s.size();
+  return n < size ? n : size;
+}
+
+// Calculates the index of the nth code point in a UTF-8 string.
+inline auto code_point_index(string_view s, size_t n) -> size_t {
+  size_t result = s.size();
+  const char* begin = s.begin();
+  for_each_codepoint(s, [begin, &n, &result](uint32_t, string_view sv) {
+    if (n != 0) {
+      --n;
+      return true;
+    }
+    result = to_unsigned(sv.begin() - begin);
+    return false;
+  });
+  return result;
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct is_integral : std::is_integral<T> {};
+template <> struct is_integral<int128_opt> : std::true_type {};
+template <> struct is_integral<uint128_t> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+using is_signed =
+    std::integral_constant<bool, std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed ||
+                                     std::is_same<T, int128_opt>::value>;
+
+template <typename T>
+using is_integer =
+    bool_constant<is_integral<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
+                  !std::is_same<T, char>::value &&
+                  !std::is_same<T, wchar_t>::value>;
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FLOAT
+#  define FMT_USE_FLOAT 1
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_USE_DOUBLE
+#  define FMT_USE_DOUBLE 1
+#endif
+#ifndef FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE
+#  define FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE 1
+#endif
+
+#if defined(FMT_USE_FLOAT128)
+// Use the provided definition.
+#elif FMT_CLANG_VERSION && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<quadmath.h>)
+#  define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 1
+#elif FMT_GCC_VERSION && defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_FLOAT128) && \
+    !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)
+#  define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 1
+#else
+#  define FMT_USE_FLOAT128 0
+#endif
+#if FMT_USE_FLOAT128
+using float128 = __float128;
+#else
+using float128 = void;
+#endif
+
+template <typename T> using is_float128 = std::is_same<T, float128>;
+
+template <typename T>
+using is_floating_point =
+    bool_constant<std::is_floating_point<T>::value || is_float128<T>::value>;
+
+template <typename T, bool = std::is_floating_point<T>::value>
+struct is_fast_float : bool_constant<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559 &&
+                                     sizeof(T) <= sizeof(double)> {};
+template <typename T> struct is_fast_float<T, false> : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+using is_double_double = bool_constant<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 106>;
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX
+#  define FMT_USE_FULL_CACHE_DRAGONBOX 0
+#endif
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_locale : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T>
+struct is_locale<T, void_t<decltype(T::classic())>> : std::true_type {};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+// The number of characters to store in the basic_memory_buffer object itself
+// to avoid dynamic memory allocation.
+enum { inline_buffer_size = 500 };
+
+/**
+ * A dynamically growing memory buffer for trivially copyable/constructible
+ * types with the first `SIZE` elements stored in the object itself. Most
+ * commonly used via the `memory_buffer` alias for `char`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto out = fmt::memory_buffer();
+ *     fmt::format_to(std::back_inserter(out), "The answer is {}.", 42);
+ *
+ * This will append "The answer is 42." to `out`. The buffer content can be
+ * converted to `std::string` with `to_string(out)`.
+ */
+template <typename T, size_t SIZE = inline_buffer_size,
+          typename Allocator = std::allocator<T>>
+class basic_memory_buffer : public detail::buffer<T> {
+ private:
+  T store_[SIZE];
+
+  // Don't inherit from Allocator to avoid generating type_info for it.
+  FMT_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS Allocator alloc_;
+
+  // Deallocate memory allocated by the buffer.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void deallocate() {
+    T* data = this->data();
+    if (data != store_) alloc_.deallocate(data, this->capacity());
+  }
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void grow(detail::buffer<T>& buf, size_t size) {
+    detail::abort_fuzzing_if(size > 5000);
+    auto& self = static_cast<basic_memory_buffer&>(buf);
+    const size_t max_size =
+        std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::max_size(self.alloc_);
+    size_t old_capacity = buf.capacity();
+    size_t new_capacity = old_capacity + old_capacity / 2;
+    if (size > new_capacity)
+      new_capacity = size;
+    else if (new_capacity > max_size)
+      new_capacity = size > max_size ? size : max_size;
+    T* old_data = buf.data();
+    T* new_data = self.alloc_.allocate(new_capacity);
+    // Suppress a bogus -Wstringop-overflow in gcc 13.1 (#3481).
+    detail::assume(buf.size() <= new_capacity);
+    // The following code doesn't throw, so the raw pointer above doesn't leak.
+    memcpy(new_data, old_data, buf.size() * sizeof(T));
+    self.set(new_data, new_capacity);
+    // deallocate must not throw according to the standard, but even if it does,
+    // the buffer already uses the new storage and will deallocate it in
+    // destructor.
+    if (old_data != self.store_) self.alloc_.deallocate(old_data, old_capacity);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  using value_type = T;
+  using const_reference = const T&;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 explicit basic_memory_buffer(
+      const Allocator& alloc = Allocator())
+      : detail::buffer<T>(grow), alloc_(alloc) {
+    this->set(store_, SIZE);
+    if (detail::is_constant_evaluated()) detail::fill_n(store_, SIZE, T());
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 ~basic_memory_buffer() { deallocate(); }
+
+ private:
+  // Move data from other to this buffer.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void move(basic_memory_buffer& other) {
+    alloc_ = std::move(other.alloc_);
+    T* data = other.data();
+    size_t size = other.size(), capacity = other.capacity();
+    if (data == other.store_) {
+      this->set(store_, capacity);
+      detail::copy<T>(other.store_, other.store_ + size, store_);
+    } else {
+      this->set(data, capacity);
+      // Set pointer to the inline array so that delete is not called
+      // when deallocating.
+      other.set(other.store_, 0);
+      other.clear();
+    }
+    this->resize(size);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  /// Constructs a `basic_memory_buffer` object moving the content of the other
+  /// object to it.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 basic_memory_buffer(basic_memory_buffer&& other) noexcept
+      : detail::buffer<T>(grow) {
+    move(other);
+  }
+
+  /// Moves the content of the other `basic_memory_buffer` object to this one.
+  auto operator=(basic_memory_buffer&& other) noexcept -> basic_memory_buffer& {
+    FMT_ASSERT(this != &other, "");
+    deallocate();
+    move(other);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Returns a copy of the allocator associated with this buffer.
+  auto get_allocator() const -> Allocator { return alloc_; }
+
+  /// Resizes the buffer to contain `count` elements. If T is a POD type new
+  /// elements may not be initialized.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void resize(size_t count) { this->try_resize(count); }
+
+  /// Increases the buffer capacity to `new_capacity`.
+  void reserve(size_t new_capacity) { this->try_reserve(new_capacity); }
+
+  using detail::buffer<T>::append;
+  template <typename ContiguousRange>
+  void append(const ContiguousRange& range) {
+    append(range.data(), range.data() + range.size());
+  }
+};
+
+using memory_buffer = basic_memory_buffer<char>;
+
+template <typename T, size_t SIZE, typename Allocator>
+struct is_contiguous<basic_memory_buffer<T, SIZE, Allocator>> : std::true_type {
+};
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+namespace detail {
+FMT_API auto write_console(int fd, string_view text) -> bool;
+FMT_API void print(std::FILE*, string_view);
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+// Suppress a misleading warning in older versions of clang.
+#if FMT_CLANG_VERSION
+#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wweak-vtables"
+#endif
+
+/// An error reported from a formatting function.
+class FMT_SO_VISIBILITY("default") format_error : public std::runtime_error {
+ public:
+  using std::runtime_error::runtime_error;
+};
+
+namespace detail_exported {
+#if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+template <typename Char, size_t N> struct fixed_string {
+  constexpr fixed_string(const Char (&str)[N]) {
+    detail::copy<Char, const Char*, Char*>(static_cast<const Char*>(str),
+                                           str + N, data);
+  }
+  Char data[N] = {};
+};
+#endif
+
+// Converts a compile-time string to basic_string_view.
+template <typename Char, size_t N>
+constexpr auto compile_string_to_view(const Char (&s)[N])
+    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
+  // Remove trailing NUL character if needed. Won't be present if this is used
+  // with a raw character array (i.e. not defined as a string).
+  return {s, N - (std::char_traits<Char>::to_int_type(s[N - 1]) == 0 ? 1 : 0)};
+}
+template <typename Char>
+constexpr auto compile_string_to_view(basic_string_view<Char> s)
+    -> basic_string_view<Char> {
+  return s;
+}
+}  // namespace detail_exported
+
+// A generic formatting context with custom output iterator and character
+// (code unit) support. Char is the format string code unit type which can be
+// different from OutputIt::value_type.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char> class generic_context {
+ private:
+  OutputIt out_;
+  basic_format_args<generic_context> args_;
+  detail::locale_ref loc_;
+
+ public:
+  using char_type = Char;
+  using iterator = OutputIt;
+  using parse_context_type = basic_format_parse_context<Char>;
+  template <typename T> using formatter_type = formatter<T, Char>;
+
+  constexpr generic_context(OutputIt out,
+                            basic_format_args<generic_context> ctx_args,
+                            detail::locale_ref loc = {})
+      : out_(out), args_(ctx_args), loc_(loc) {}
+  generic_context(generic_context&&) = default;
+  generic_context(const generic_context&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const generic_context&) = delete;
+
+  constexpr auto arg(int id) const -> basic_format_arg<generic_context> {
+    return args_.get(id);
+  }
+  auto arg(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> basic_format_arg<generic_context> {
+    return args_.get(name);
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> name) -> int {
+    return args_.get_id(name);
+  }
+  auto args() const -> const basic_format_args<generic_context>& {
+    return args_;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto out() -> iterator { return out_; }
+
+  void advance_to(iterator it) {
+    if (!detail::is_back_insert_iterator<iterator>()) out_ = it;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto locale() -> detail::locale_ref { return loc_; }
+};
+
+class loc_value {
+ private:
+  basic_format_arg<format_context> value_;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!detail::is_float128<T>::value)>
+  loc_value(T value) : value_(detail::make_arg<format_context>(value)) {}
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_float128<T>::value)>
+  loc_value(T) {}
+
+  template <typename Visitor> auto visit(Visitor&& vis) -> decltype(vis(0)) {
+    return value_.visit(vis);
+  }
+};
+
+// A locale facet that formats values in UTF-8.
+// It is parameterized on the locale to avoid the heavy <locale> include.
+template <typename Locale> class format_facet : public Locale::facet {
+ private:
+  std::string separator_;
+  std::string grouping_;
+  std::string decimal_point_;
+
+ protected:
+  virtual auto do_put(appender out, loc_value val,
+                      const format_specs& specs) const -> bool;
+
+ public:
+  static FMT_API typename Locale::id id;
+
+  explicit format_facet(Locale& loc);
+  explicit format_facet(string_view sep = "",
+                        std::initializer_list<unsigned char> g = {3},
+                        std::string decimal_point = ".")
+      : separator_(sep.data(), sep.size()),
+        grouping_(g.begin(), g.end()),
+        decimal_point_(decimal_point) {}
+
+  auto put(appender out, loc_value val, const format_specs& specs) const
+      -> bool {
+    return do_put(out, val, specs);
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// Returns true if value is negative, false otherwise.
+// Same as `value < 0` but doesn't produce warnings if T is an unsigned type.
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_signed<T>::value)>
+constexpr auto is_negative(T value) -> bool {
+  return value < 0;
+}
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_signed<T>::value)>
+constexpr auto is_negative(T) -> bool {
+  return false;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto is_supported_floating_point(T) -> bool {
+  if (std::is_same<T, float>()) return FMT_USE_FLOAT;
+  if (std::is_same<T, double>()) return FMT_USE_DOUBLE;
+  if (std::is_same<T, long double>()) return FMT_USE_LONG_DOUBLE;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Smallest of uint32_t, uint64_t, uint128_t that is large enough to
+// represent all values of an integral type T.
+template <typename T>
+using uint32_or_64_or_128_t =
+    conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 32 && !FMT_REDUCE_INT_INSTANTIATIONS,
+                  uint32_t,
+                  conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 64, uint64_t, uint128_t>>;
+template <typename T>
+using uint64_or_128_t = conditional_t<num_bits<T>() <= 64, uint64_t, uint128_t>;
+
+#define FMT_POWERS_OF_10(factor)                                  \
+  factor * 10, (factor) * 100, (factor) * 1000, (factor) * 10000, \
+      (factor) * 100000, (factor) * 1000000, (factor) * 10000000, \
+      (factor) * 100000000, (factor) * 1000000000
+
+// Converts value in the range [0, 100) to a string.
+constexpr auto digits2(size_t value) -> const char* {
+  // GCC generates slightly better code when value is pointer-size.
+  return &"0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
+         "2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
+         "4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
+         "6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
+         "8081828384858687888990919293949596979899"[value * 2];
+}
+
+// Sign is a template parameter to workaround a bug in gcc 4.8.
+template <typename Char, typename Sign> constexpr auto sign(Sign s) -> Char {
+#if !FMT_GCC_VERSION || FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 604
+  static_assert(std::is_same<Sign, sign_t>::value, "");
+#endif
+  return static_cast<char>(((' ' << 24) | ('+' << 16) | ('-' << 8)) >> (s * 8));
+}
+
+template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count_digits_fallback(T n) -> int {
+  int count = 1;
+  for (;;) {
+    // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of four digits instead
+    // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
+    // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
+    if (n < 10) return count;
+    if (n < 100) return count + 1;
+    if (n < 1000) return count + 2;
+    if (n < 10000) return count + 3;
+    n /= 10000u;
+    count += 4;
+  }
+}
+#if FMT_USE_INT128
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto count_digits(uint128_opt n) -> int {
+  return count_digits_fallback(n);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
+// It is a separate function rather than a part of count_digits to workaround
+// the lack of static constexpr in constexpr functions.
+inline auto do_count_digits(uint64_t n) -> int {
+  // This has comparable performance to the version by Kendall Willets
+  // (https://github.com/fmtlib/format-benchmark/blob/master/digits10)
+  // but uses smaller tables.
+  // Maps bsr(n) to ceil(log10(pow(2, bsr(n) + 1) - 1)).
+  static constexpr uint8_t bsr2log10[] = {
+      1,  1,  1,  2,  2,  2,  3,  3,  3,  4,  4,  4,  4,  5,  5,  5,
+      6,  6,  6,  7,  7,  7,  7,  8,  8,  8,  9,  9,  9,  10, 10, 10,
+      10, 11, 11, 11, 12, 12, 12, 13, 13, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 15, 15,
+      15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 19, 19, 19, 19, 20};
+  auto t = bsr2log10[FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL(n | 1) ^ 63];
+  static constexpr const uint64_t zero_or_powers_of_10[] = {
+      0, 0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1U), FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1000000000ULL),
+      10000000000000000000ULL};
+  return t - (n < zero_or_powers_of_10[t]);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Returns the number of decimal digits in n. Leading zeros are not counted
+// except for n == 0 in which case count_digits returns 1.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto count_digits(uint64_t n) -> int {
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZLL
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) return do_count_digits(n);
+#endif
+  return count_digits_fallback(n);
+}
+
+// Counts the number of digits in n. BITS = log2(radix).
+template <int BITS, typename UInt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count_digits(UInt n) -> int {
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated() && num_bits<UInt>() == 32)
+    return (FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(static_cast<uint32_t>(n) | 1) ^ 31) / BITS + 1;
+#endif
+  // Lambda avoids unreachable code warnings from NVHPC.
+  return [](UInt m) {
+    int num_digits = 0;
+    do {
+      ++num_digits;
+    } while ((m >>= BITS) != 0);
+    return num_digits;
+  }(n);
+}
+
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
+// It is a separate function rather than a part of count_digits to workaround
+// the lack of static constexpr in constexpr functions.
+FMT_INLINE auto do_count_digits(uint32_t n) -> int {
+// An optimization by Kendall Willets from https://bit.ly/3uOIQrB.
+// This increments the upper 32 bits (log10(T) - 1) when >= T is added.
+#  define FMT_INC(T) (((sizeof(#T) - 1ull) << 32) - T)
+  static constexpr uint64_t table[] = {
+      FMT_INC(0),          FMT_INC(0),          FMT_INC(0),           // 8
+      FMT_INC(10),         FMT_INC(10),         FMT_INC(10),          // 64
+      FMT_INC(100),        FMT_INC(100),        FMT_INC(100),         // 512
+      FMT_INC(1000),       FMT_INC(1000),       FMT_INC(1000),        // 4096
+      FMT_INC(10000),      FMT_INC(10000),      FMT_INC(10000),       // 32k
+      FMT_INC(100000),     FMT_INC(100000),     FMT_INC(100000),      // 256k
+      FMT_INC(1000000),    FMT_INC(1000000),    FMT_INC(1000000),     // 2048k
+      FMT_INC(10000000),   FMT_INC(10000000),   FMT_INC(10000000),    // 16M
+      FMT_INC(100000000),  FMT_INC(100000000),  FMT_INC(100000000),   // 128M
+      FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000),  // 1024M
+      FMT_INC(1000000000), FMT_INC(1000000000)                        // 4B
+  };
+  auto inc = table[FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ(n | 1) ^ 31];
+  return static_cast<int>((n + inc) >> 32);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Optional version of count_digits for better performance on 32-bit platforms.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline auto count_digits(uint32_t n) -> int {
+#ifdef FMT_BUILTIN_CLZ
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated()) {
+    return do_count_digits(n);
+  }
+#endif
+  return count_digits_fallback(n);
+}
+
+template <typename Int> constexpr auto digits10() noexcept -> int {
+  return std::numeric_limits<Int>::digits10;
+}
+template <> constexpr auto digits10<int128_opt>() noexcept -> int { return 38; }
+template <> constexpr auto digits10<uint128_t>() noexcept -> int { return 38; }
+
+template <typename Char> struct thousands_sep_result {
+  std::string grouping;
+  Char thousands_sep;
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char>;
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto thousands_sep(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<Char> {
+  auto result = thousands_sep_impl<char>(loc);
+  return {result.grouping, Char(result.thousands_sep)};
+}
+template <>
+inline auto thousands_sep(locale_ref loc) -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t> {
+  return thousands_sep_impl<wchar_t>(loc);
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref loc) -> Char;
+template <typename Char> inline auto decimal_point(locale_ref loc) -> Char {
+  return Char(decimal_point_impl<char>(loc));
+}
+template <> inline auto decimal_point(locale_ref loc) -> wchar_t {
+  return decimal_point_impl<wchar_t>(loc);
+}
+
+// Compares two characters for equality.
+template <typename Char> auto equal2(const Char* lhs, const char* rhs) -> bool {
+  return lhs[0] == Char(rhs[0]) && lhs[1] == Char(rhs[1]);
+}
+inline auto equal2(const char* lhs, const char* rhs) -> bool {
+  return memcmp(lhs, rhs, 2) == 0;
+}
+
+// Copies two characters from src to dst.
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 FMT_INLINE void copy2(Char* dst, const char* src) {
+  if (!is_constant_evaluated() && sizeof(Char) == sizeof(char)) {
+    memcpy(dst, src, 2);
+    return;
+  }
+  *dst++ = static_cast<Char>(*src++);
+  *dst = static_cast<Char>(*src);
+}
+
+template <typename Iterator> struct format_decimal_result {
+  Iterator begin;
+  Iterator end;
+};
+
+// Formats a decimal unsigned integer value writing into out pointing to a
+// buffer of specified size. The caller must ensure that the buffer is large
+// enough.
+template <typename Char, typename UInt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_decimal(Char* out, UInt value, int size)
+    -> format_decimal_result<Char*> {
+  FMT_ASSERT(size >= count_digits(value), "invalid digit count");
+  out += size;
+  Char* end = out;
+  while (value >= 100) {
+    // Integer division is slow so do it for a group of two digits instead
+    // of for every digit. The idea comes from the talk by Alexandrescu
+    // "Three Optimization Tips for C++". See speed-test for a comparison.
+    out -= 2;
+    copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<size_t>(value % 100)));
+    value /= 100;
+  }
+  if (value < 10) {
+    *--out = static_cast<Char>('0' + value);
+    return {out, end};
+  }
+  out -= 2;
+  copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<size_t>(value)));
+  return {out, end};
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename UInt, typename Iterator,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_pointer<remove_cvref_t<Iterator>>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto format_decimal(Iterator out, UInt value, int size)
+    -> format_decimal_result<Iterator> {
+  // Buffer is large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1).
+  Char buffer[digits10<UInt>() + 1] = {};
+  auto end = format_decimal(buffer, value, size).end;
+  return {out, detail::copy_noinline<Char>(buffer, end, out)};
+}
+
+template <unsigned BASE_BITS, typename Char, typename UInt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format_uint(Char* buffer, UInt value, int num_digits,
+                               bool upper = false) -> Char* {
+  buffer += num_digits;
+  Char* end = buffer;
+  do {
+    const char* digits = upper ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
+    unsigned digit = static_cast<unsigned>(value & ((1 << BASE_BITS) - 1));
+    *--buffer = static_cast<Char>(BASE_BITS < 4 ? static_cast<char>('0' + digit)
+                                                : digits[digit]);
+  } while ((value >>= BASE_BITS) != 0);
+  return end;
+}
+
+template <unsigned BASE_BITS, typename Char, typename It, typename UInt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto format_uint(It out, UInt value, int num_digits,
+                                      bool upper = false) -> It {
+  if (auto ptr = to_pointer<Char>(out, to_unsigned(num_digits))) {
+    format_uint<BASE_BITS>(ptr, value, num_digits, upper);
+    return out;
+  }
+  // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits / BASE_BITS + 1).
+  char buffer[num_bits<UInt>() / BASE_BITS + 1] = {};
+  format_uint<BASE_BITS>(buffer, value, num_digits, upper);
+  return detail::copy_noinline<Char>(buffer, buffer + num_digits, out);
+}
+
+// A converter from UTF-8 to UTF-16.
+class utf8_to_utf16 {
+ private:
+  basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t> buffer_;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_API explicit utf8_to_utf16(string_view s);
+  operator basic_string_view<wchar_t>() const { return {&buffer_[0], size()}; }
+  auto size() const -> size_t { return buffer_.size() - 1; }
+  auto c_str() const -> const wchar_t* { return &buffer_[0]; }
+  auto str() const -> std::wstring { return {&buffer_[0], size()}; }
+};
+
+enum class to_utf8_error_policy { abort, replace };
+
+// A converter from UTF-16/UTF-32 (host endian) to UTF-8.
+template <typename WChar, typename Buffer = memory_buffer> class to_utf8 {
+ private:
+  Buffer buffer_;
+
+ public:
+  to_utf8() {}
+  explicit to_utf8(basic_string_view<WChar> s,
+                   to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort) {
+    static_assert(sizeof(WChar) == 2 || sizeof(WChar) == 4,
+                  "Expect utf16 or utf32");
+    if (!convert(s, policy))
+      FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error(sizeof(WChar) == 2 ? "invalid utf16"
+                                                      : "invalid utf32"));
+  }
+  operator string_view() const { return string_view(&buffer_[0], size()); }
+  auto size() const -> size_t { return buffer_.size() - 1; }
+  auto c_str() const -> const char* { return &buffer_[0]; }
+  auto str() const -> std::string { return std::string(&buffer_[0], size()); }
+
+  // Performs conversion returning a bool instead of throwing exception on
+  // conversion error. This method may still throw in case of memory allocation
+  // error.
+  auto convert(basic_string_view<WChar> s,
+               to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort)
+      -> bool {
+    if (!convert(buffer_, s, policy)) return false;
+    buffer_.push_back(0);
+    return true;
+  }
+  static auto convert(Buffer& buf, basic_string_view<WChar> s,
+                      to_utf8_error_policy policy = to_utf8_error_policy::abort)
+      -> bool {
+    for (auto p = s.begin(); p != s.end(); ++p) {
+      uint32_t c = static_cast<uint32_t>(*p);
+      if (sizeof(WChar) == 2 && c >= 0xd800 && c <= 0xdfff) {
+        // Handle a surrogate pair.
+        ++p;
+        if (p == s.end() || (c & 0xfc00) != 0xd800 || (*p & 0xfc00) != 0xdc00) {
+          if (policy == to_utf8_error_policy::abort) return false;
+          buf.append(string_view("\xEF\xBF\xBD"));
+          --p;
+        } else {
+          c = (c << 10) + static_cast<uint32_t>(*p) - 0x35fdc00;
+        }
+      } else if (c < 0x80) {
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(c));
+      } else if (c < 0x800) {
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xc0 | (c >> 6)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
+      } else if ((c >= 0x800 && c <= 0xd7ff) || (c >= 0xe000 && c <= 0xffff)) {
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xe0 | (c >> 12)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0xfff) >> 6)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
+      } else if (c >= 0x10000 && c <= 0x10ffff) {
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0xf0 | (c >> 18)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0x3ffff) >> 12)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | ((c & 0xfff) >> 6)));
+        buf.push_back(static_cast<char>(0x80 | (c & 0x3f)));
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+
+// Computes 128-bit result of multiplication of two 64-bit unsigned integers.
+inline auto umul128(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint128_fallback {
+#if FMT_USE_INT128
+  auto p = static_cast<uint128_opt>(x) * static_cast<uint128_opt>(y);
+  return {static_cast<uint64_t>(p >> 64), static_cast<uint64_t>(p)};
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
+  auto hi = uint64_t();
+  auto lo = _umul128(x, y, &hi);
+  return {hi, lo};
+#else
+  const uint64_t mask = static_cast<uint64_t>(max_value<uint32_t>());
+
+  uint64_t a = x >> 32;
+  uint64_t b = x & mask;
+  uint64_t c = y >> 32;
+  uint64_t d = y & mask;
+
+  uint64_t ac = a * c;
+  uint64_t bc = b * c;
+  uint64_t ad = a * d;
+  uint64_t bd = b * d;
+
+  uint64_t intermediate = (bd >> 32) + (ad & mask) + (bc & mask);
+
+  return {ac + (intermediate >> 32) + (ad >> 32) + (bc >> 32),
+          (intermediate << 32) + (bd & mask)};
+#endif
+}
+
+namespace dragonbox {
+// Computes floor(log10(pow(2, e))) for e in [-2620, 2620] using the method from
+// https://fmt.dev/papers/Dragonbox.pdf#page=28, section 6.1.
+inline auto floor_log10_pow2(int e) noexcept -> int {
+  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 2620 && e >= -2620, "too large exponent");
+  static_assert((-1 >> 1) == -1, "right shift is not arithmetic");
+  return (e * 315653) >> 20;
+}
+
+inline auto floor_log2_pow10(int e) noexcept -> int {
+  FMT_ASSERT(e <= 1233 && e >= -1233, "too large exponent");
+  return (e * 1741647) >> 19;
+}
+
+// Computes upper 64 bits of multiplication of two 64-bit unsigned integers.
+inline auto umul128_upper64(uint64_t x, uint64_t y) noexcept -> uint64_t {
+#if FMT_USE_INT128
+  auto p = static_cast<uint128_opt>(x) * static_cast<uint128_opt>(y);
+  return static_cast<uint64_t>(p >> 64);
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_M_X64)
+  return __umulh(x, y);
+#else
+  return umul128(x, y).high();
+#endif
+}
+
+// Computes upper 128 bits of multiplication of a 64-bit unsigned integer and a
+// 128-bit unsigned integer.
+inline auto umul192_upper128(uint64_t x, uint128_fallback y) noexcept
+    -> uint128_fallback {
+  uint128_fallback r = umul128(x, y.high());
+  r += umul128_upper64(x, y.low());
+  return r;
+}
+
+FMT_API auto get_cached_power(int k) noexcept -> uint128_fallback;
+
+// Type-specific information that Dragonbox uses.
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void> struct float_info;
+
+template <> struct float_info<float> {
+  using carrier_uint = uint32_t;
+  static const int exponent_bits = 8;
+  static const int kappa = 1;
+  static const int big_divisor = 100;
+  static const int small_divisor = 10;
+  static const int min_k = -31;
+  static const int max_k = 46;
+  static const int shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold = -35;
+  static const int shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold = -35;
+};
+
+template <> struct float_info<double> {
+  using carrier_uint = uint64_t;
+  static const int exponent_bits = 11;
+  static const int kappa = 2;
+  static const int big_divisor = 1000;
+  static const int small_divisor = 100;
+  static const int min_k = -292;
+  static const int max_k = 341;
+  static const int shorter_interval_tie_lower_threshold = -77;
+  static const int shorter_interval_tie_upper_threshold = -77;
+};
+
+// An 80- or 128-bit floating point number.
+template <typename T>
+struct float_info<T, enable_if_t<std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 64 ||
+                                 std::numeric_limits<T>::digits == 113 ||
+                                 is_float128<T>::value>> {
+  using carrier_uint = detail::uint128_t;
+  static const int exponent_bits = 15;
+};
+
+// A double-double floating point number.
+template <typename T>
+struct float_info<T, enable_if_t<is_double_double<T>::value>> {
+  using carrier_uint = detail::uint128_t;
+};
+
+template <typename T> struct decimal_fp {
+  using significand_type = typename float_info<T>::carrier_uint;
+  significand_type significand;
+  int exponent;
+};
+
+template <typename T> FMT_API auto to_decimal(T x) noexcept -> decimal_fp<T>;
+}  // namespace dragonbox
+
+// Returns true iff Float has the implicit bit which is not stored.
+template <typename Float> constexpr auto has_implicit_bit() -> bool {
+  // An 80-bit FP number has a 64-bit significand an no implicit bit.
+  return std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits != 64;
+}
+
+// Returns the number of significand bits stored in Float. The implicit bit is
+// not counted since it is not stored.
+template <typename Float> constexpr auto num_significand_bits() -> int {
+  // std::numeric_limits may not support __float128.
+  return is_float128<Float>() ? 112
+                              : (std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits -
+                                 (has_implicit_bit<Float>() ? 1 : 0));
+}
+
+template <typename Float>
+constexpr auto exponent_mask() ->
+    typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint {
+  using float_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint;
+  return ((float_uint(1) << dragonbox::float_info<Float>::exponent_bits) - 1)
+         << num_significand_bits<Float>();
+}
+template <typename Float> constexpr auto exponent_bias() -> int {
+  // std::numeric_limits may not support __float128.
+  return is_float128<Float>() ? 16383
+                              : std::numeric_limits<Float>::max_exponent - 1;
+}
+
+// Writes the exponent exp in the form "[+-]d{2,3}" to buffer.
+template <typename Char, typename It>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_exponent(int exp, It it) -> It {
+  FMT_ASSERT(-10000 < exp && exp < 10000, "exponent out of range");
+  if (exp < 0) {
+    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
+    exp = -exp;
+  } else {
+    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('+');
+  }
+  if (exp >= 100) {
+    const char* top = digits2(to_unsigned(exp / 100));
+    if (exp >= 1000) *it++ = static_cast<Char>(top[0]);
+    *it++ = static_cast<Char>(top[1]);
+    exp %= 100;
+  }
+  const char* d = digits2(to_unsigned(exp));
+  *it++ = static_cast<Char>(d[0]);
+  *it++ = static_cast<Char>(d[1]);
+  return it;
+}
+
+// A floating-point number f * pow(2, e) where F is an unsigned type.
+template <typename F> struct basic_fp {
+  F f;
+  int e;
+
+  static constexpr const int num_significand_bits =
+      static_cast<int>(sizeof(F) * num_bits<unsigned char>());
+
+  constexpr basic_fp() : f(0), e(0) {}
+  constexpr basic_fp(uint64_t f_val, int e_val) : f(f_val), e(e_val) {}
+
+  // Constructs fp from an IEEE754 floating-point number.
+  template <typename Float> FMT_CONSTEXPR basic_fp(Float n) { assign(n); }
+
+  // Assigns n to this and return true iff predecessor is closer than successor.
+  template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_double_double<Float>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto assign(Float n) -> bool {
+    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<Float>::digits <= 113, "unsupported FP");
+    // Assume Float is in the format [sign][exponent][significand].
+    using carrier_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<Float>::carrier_uint;
+    const auto num_float_significand_bits =
+        detail::num_significand_bits<Float>();
+    const auto implicit_bit = carrier_uint(1) << num_float_significand_bits;
+    const auto significand_mask = implicit_bit - 1;
+    auto u = bit_cast<carrier_uint>(n);
+    f = static_cast<F>(u & significand_mask);
+    auto biased_e = static_cast<int>((u & exponent_mask<Float>()) >>
+                                     num_float_significand_bits);
+    // The predecessor is closer if n is a normalized power of 2 (f == 0)
+    // other than the smallest normalized number (biased_e > 1).
+    auto is_predecessor_closer = f == 0 && biased_e > 1;
+    if (biased_e == 0)
+      biased_e = 1;  // Subnormals use biased exponent 1 (min exponent).
+    else if (has_implicit_bit<Float>())
+      f += static_cast<F>(implicit_bit);
+    e = biased_e - exponent_bias<Float>() - num_float_significand_bits;
+    if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) ++e;
+    return is_predecessor_closer;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_double_double<Float>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto assign(Float n) -> bool {
+    static_assert(std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559, "unsupported FP");
+    return assign(static_cast<double>(n));
+  }
+};
+
+using fp = basic_fp<unsigned long long>;
+
+// Normalizes the value converted from double and multiplied by (1 << SHIFT).
+template <int SHIFT = 0, typename F>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto normalize(basic_fp<F> value) -> basic_fp<F> {
+  // Handle subnormals.
+  const auto implicit_bit = F(1) << num_significand_bits<double>();
+  const auto shifted_implicit_bit = implicit_bit << SHIFT;
+  while ((value.f & shifted_implicit_bit) == 0) {
+    value.f <<= 1;
+    --value.e;
+  }
+  // Subtract 1 to account for hidden bit.
+  const auto offset = basic_fp<F>::num_significand_bits -
+                      num_significand_bits<double>() - SHIFT - 1;
+  value.f <<= offset;
+  value.e -= offset;
+  return value;
+}
+
+// Computes lhs * rhs / pow(2, 64) rounded to nearest with half-up tie breaking.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto multiply(uint64_t lhs, uint64_t rhs) -> uint64_t {
+#if FMT_USE_INT128
+  auto product = static_cast<__uint128_t>(lhs) * rhs;
+  auto f = static_cast<uint64_t>(product >> 64);
+  return (static_cast<uint64_t>(product) & (1ULL << 63)) != 0 ? f + 1 : f;
+#else
+  // Multiply 32-bit parts of significands.
+  uint64_t mask = (1ULL << 32) - 1;
+  uint64_t a = lhs >> 32, b = lhs & mask;
+  uint64_t c = rhs >> 32, d = rhs & mask;
+  uint64_t ac = a * c, bc = b * c, ad = a * d, bd = b * d;
+  // Compute mid 64-bit of result and round.
+  uint64_t mid = (bd >> 32) + (ad & mask) + (bc & mask) + (1U << 31);
+  return ac + (ad >> 32) + (bc >> 32) + (mid >> 32);
+#endif
+}
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto operator*(fp x, fp y) -> fp {
+  return {multiply(x.f, y.f), x.e + y.e + 64};
+}
+
+template <typename T, bool doublish = num_bits<T>() == num_bits<double>()>
+using convert_float_result =
+    conditional_t<std::is_same<T, float>::value || doublish, double, T>;
+
+template <typename T>
+constexpr auto convert_float(T value) -> convert_float_result<T> {
+  return static_cast<convert_float_result<T>>(value);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_NOINLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR auto fill(OutputIt it, size_t n, const fill_t& fill)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  auto fill_size = fill.size();
+  if (fill_size == 1) return detail::fill_n(it, n, fill.template get<Char>());
+  if (const Char* data = fill.template data<Char>()) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) it = copy<Char>(data, data + fill_size, it);
+  }
+  return it;
+}
+
+// Writes the output of f, padded according to format specifications in specs.
+// size: output size in code units.
+// width: output display width in (terminal) column positions.
+template <typename Char, align::type align = align::left, typename OutputIt,
+          typename F>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_padded(OutputIt out, const format_specs& specs,
+                                size_t size, size_t width, F&& f) -> OutputIt {
+  static_assert(align == align::left || align == align::right, "");
+  unsigned spec_width = to_unsigned(specs.width);
+  size_t padding = spec_width > width ? spec_width - width : 0;
+  // Shifts are encoded as string literals because static constexpr is not
+  // supported in constexpr functions.
+  auto* shifts = align == align::left ? "\x1f\x1f\x00\x01" : "\x00\x1f\x00\x01";
+  size_t left_padding = padding >> shifts[specs.align];
+  size_t right_padding = padding - left_padding;
+  auto it = reserve(out, size + padding * specs.fill.size());
+  if (left_padding != 0) it = fill<Char>(it, left_padding, specs.fill);
+  it = f(it);
+  if (right_padding != 0) it = fill<Char>(it, right_padding, specs.fill);
+  return base_iterator(out, it);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, align::type align = align::left, typename OutputIt,
+          typename F>
+constexpr auto write_padded(OutputIt out, const format_specs& specs,
+                            size_t size, F&& f) -> OutputIt {
+  return write_padded<Char, align>(out, specs, size, size, f);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, align::type align = align::left, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_bytes(OutputIt out, string_view bytes,
+                               const format_specs& specs = {}) -> OutputIt {
+  return write_padded<Char, align>(
+      out, specs, bytes.size(), [bytes](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+        const char* data = bytes.data();
+        return copy<Char>(data, data + bytes.size(), it);
+      });
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename UIntPtr>
+auto write_ptr(OutputIt out, UIntPtr value, const format_specs* specs)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  int num_digits = count_digits<4>(value);
+  auto size = to_unsigned(num_digits) + size_t(2);
+  auto write = [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('0');
+    *it++ = static_cast<Char>('x');
+    return format_uint<4, Char>(it, value, num_digits);
+  };
+  return specs ? write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, *specs, size, write)
+               : base_iterator(out, write(reserve(out, size)));
+}
+
+// Returns true iff the code point cp is printable.
+FMT_API auto is_printable(uint32_t cp) -> bool;
+
+inline auto needs_escape(uint32_t cp) -> bool {
+  return cp < 0x20 || cp == 0x7f || cp == '"' || cp == '\\' ||
+         !is_printable(cp);
+}
+
+template <typename Char> struct find_escape_result {
+  const Char* begin;
+  const Char* end;
+  uint32_t cp;
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+auto find_escape(const Char* begin, const Char* end)
+    -> find_escape_result<Char> {
+  for (; begin != end; ++begin) {
+    uint32_t cp = static_cast<unsigned_char<Char>>(*begin);
+    if (const_check(sizeof(Char) == 1) && cp >= 0x80) continue;
+    if (needs_escape(cp)) return {begin, begin + 1, cp};
+  }
+  return {begin, nullptr, 0};
+}
+
+inline auto find_escape(const char* begin, const char* end)
+    -> find_escape_result<char> {
+  if (!use_utf8()) return find_escape<char>(begin, end);
+  auto result = find_escape_result<char>{end, nullptr, 0};
+  for_each_codepoint(string_view(begin, to_unsigned(end - begin)),
+                     [&](uint32_t cp, string_view sv) {
+                       if (needs_escape(cp)) {
+                         result = {sv.begin(), sv.end(), cp};
+                         return false;
+                       }
+                       return true;
+                     });
+  return result;
+}
+
+#define FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, base, explicit)                                    \
+  [] {                                                                        \
+    /* Use the hidden visibility as a workaround for a GCC bug (#1973). */    \
+    /* Use a macro-like name to avoid shadowing warnings. */                  \
+    struct FMT_VISIBILITY("hidden") FMT_COMPILE_STRING : base {               \
+      using char_type FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED = fmt::remove_cvref_t<decltype(s[0])>; \
+      FMT_MAYBE_UNUSED FMT_CONSTEXPR explicit                                 \
+      operator fmt::basic_string_view<char_type>() const {                    \
+        return fmt::detail_exported::compile_string_to_view<char_type>(s);    \
+      }                                                                       \
+    };                                                                        \
+    return FMT_COMPILE_STRING();                                              \
+  }()
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a compile-time format string from a string literal `s`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     // A compile-time error because 'd' is an invalid specifier for strings.
+ *     std::string s = fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:d}"), "foo");
+ */
+#define FMT_STRING(s) FMT_STRING_IMPL(s, fmt::detail::compile_string, )
+
+template <size_t width, typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto write_codepoint(OutputIt out, char prefix, uint32_t cp) -> OutputIt {
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>(prefix);
+  Char buf[width];
+  fill_n(buf, width, static_cast<Char>('0'));
+  format_uint<4>(buf, cp, width);
+  return copy<Char>(buf, buf + width, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
+auto write_escaped_cp(OutputIt out, const find_escape_result<Char>& escape)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  auto c = static_cast<Char>(escape.cp);
+  switch (escape.cp) {
+  case '\n':
+    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
+    c = static_cast<Char>('n');
+    break;
+  case '\r':
+    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
+    c = static_cast<Char>('r');
+    break;
+  case '\t':
+    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
+    c = static_cast<Char>('t');
+    break;
+  case '"':
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case '\'':
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case '\\':
+    *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\\');
+    break;
+  default:
+    if (escape.cp < 0x100) return write_codepoint<2, Char>(out, 'x', escape.cp);
+    if (escape.cp < 0x10000)
+      return write_codepoint<4, Char>(out, 'u', escape.cp);
+    if (escape.cp < 0x110000)
+      return write_codepoint<8, Char>(out, 'U', escape.cp);
+    for (Char escape_char : basic_string_view<Char>(
+             escape.begin, to_unsigned(escape.end - escape.begin))) {
+      out = write_codepoint<2, Char>(out, 'x',
+                                     static_cast<uint32_t>(escape_char) & 0xFF);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+  *out++ = c;
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto write_escaped_string(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> str)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('"');
+  auto begin = str.begin(), end = str.end();
+  do {
+    auto escape = find_escape(begin, end);
+    out = copy<Char>(begin, escape.begin, out);
+    begin = escape.end;
+    if (!begin) break;
+    out = write_escaped_cp<OutputIt, Char>(out, escape);
+  } while (begin != end);
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('"');
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto write_escaped_char(OutputIt out, Char v) -> OutputIt {
+  Char v_array[1] = {v};
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\'');
+  if ((needs_escape(static_cast<uint32_t>(v)) && v != static_cast<Char>('"')) ||
+      v == static_cast<Char>('\'')) {
+    out = write_escaped_cp(out,
+                           find_escape_result<Char>{v_array, v_array + 1,
+                                                    static_cast<uint32_t>(v)});
+  } else {
+    *out++ = v;
+  }
+  *out++ = static_cast<Char>('\'');
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_char(OutputIt out, Char value,
+                              const format_specs& specs) -> OutputIt {
+  bool is_debug = specs.type == presentation_type::debug;
+  return write_padded<Char>(out, specs, 1, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+    if (is_debug) return write_escaped_char(it, value);
+    *it++ = value;
+    return it;
+  });
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, Char value, const format_specs& specs,
+                         locale_ref loc = {}) -> OutputIt {
+  // char is formatted as unsigned char for consistency across platforms.
+  using unsigned_type =
+      conditional_t<std::is_same<Char, char>::value, unsigned char, unsigned>;
+  return check_char_specs(specs)
+             ? write_char<Char>(out, value, specs)
+             : write<Char>(out, static_cast<unsigned_type>(value), specs, loc);
+}
+
+// Data for write_int that doesn't depend on output iterator type. It is used to
+// avoid template code bloat.
+template <typename Char> struct write_int_data {
+  size_t size;
+  size_t padding;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR write_int_data(int num_digits, unsigned prefix,
+                               const format_specs& specs)
+      : size((prefix >> 24) + to_unsigned(num_digits)), padding(0) {
+    if (specs.align == align::numeric) {
+      auto width = to_unsigned(specs.width);
+      if (width > size) {
+        padding = width - size;
+        size = width;
+      }
+    } else if (specs.precision > num_digits) {
+      size = (prefix >> 24) + to_unsigned(specs.precision);
+      padding = to_unsigned(specs.precision - num_digits);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Writes an integer in the format
+//   <left-padding><prefix><numeric-padding><digits><right-padding>
+// where <digits> are written by write_digits(it).
+// prefix contains chars in three lower bytes and the size in the fourth byte.
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename W>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write_int(OutputIt out, int num_digits,
+                                        unsigned prefix,
+                                        const format_specs& specs,
+                                        W write_digits) -> OutputIt {
+  // Slightly faster check for specs.width == 0 && specs.precision == -1.
+  if ((specs.width | (specs.precision + 1)) == 0) {
+    auto it = reserve(out, to_unsigned(num_digits) + (prefix >> 24));
+    if (prefix != 0) {
+      for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
+        *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
+    }
+    return base_iterator(out, write_digits(it));
+  }
+  auto data = write_int_data<Char>(num_digits, prefix, specs);
+  return write_padded<Char, align::right>(
+      out, specs, data.size, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+        for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
+          *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
+        it = detail::fill_n(it, data.padding, static_cast<Char>('0'));
+        return write_digits(it);
+      });
+}
+
+template <typename Char> class digit_grouping {
+ private:
+  std::string grouping_;
+  std::basic_string<Char> thousands_sep_;
+
+  struct next_state {
+    std::string::const_iterator group;
+    int pos;
+  };
+  auto initial_state() const -> next_state { return {grouping_.begin(), 0}; }
+
+  // Returns the next digit group separator position.
+  auto next(next_state& state) const -> int {
+    if (thousands_sep_.empty()) return max_value<int>();
+    if (state.group == grouping_.end()) return state.pos += grouping_.back();
+    if (*state.group <= 0 || *state.group == max_value<char>())
+      return max_value<int>();
+    state.pos += *state.group++;
+    return state.pos;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit digit_grouping(locale_ref loc, bool localized = true) {
+    if (!localized) return;
+    auto sep = thousands_sep<Char>(loc);
+    grouping_ = sep.grouping;
+    if (sep.thousands_sep) thousands_sep_.assign(1, sep.thousands_sep);
+  }
+  digit_grouping(std::string grouping, std::basic_string<Char> sep)
+      : grouping_(std::move(grouping)), thousands_sep_(std::move(sep)) {}
+
+  auto has_separator() const -> bool { return !thousands_sep_.empty(); }
+
+  auto count_separators(int num_digits) const -> int {
+    int count = 0;
+    auto state = initial_state();
+    while (num_digits > next(state)) ++count;
+    return count;
+  }
+
+  // Applies grouping to digits and write the output to out.
+  template <typename Out, typename C>
+  auto apply(Out out, basic_string_view<C> digits) const -> Out {
+    auto num_digits = static_cast<int>(digits.size());
+    auto separators = basic_memory_buffer<int>();
+    separators.push_back(0);
+    auto state = initial_state();
+    while (int i = next(state)) {
+      if (i >= num_digits) break;
+      separators.push_back(i);
+    }
+    for (int i = 0, sep_index = static_cast<int>(separators.size() - 1);
+         i < num_digits; ++i) {
+      if (num_digits - i == separators[sep_index]) {
+        out = copy<Char>(thousands_sep_.data(),
+                         thousands_sep_.data() + thousands_sep_.size(), out);
+        --sep_index;
+      }
+      *out++ = static_cast<Char>(digits[to_unsigned(i)]);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline void prefix_append(unsigned& prefix, unsigned value) {
+  prefix |= prefix != 0 ? value << 8 : value;
+  prefix += (1u + (value > 0xff ? 1 : 0)) << 24;
+}
+
+// Writes a decimal integer with digit grouping.
+template <typename OutputIt, typename UInt, typename Char>
+auto write_int(OutputIt out, UInt value, unsigned prefix,
+               const format_specs& specs, const digit_grouping<Char>& grouping)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  static_assert(std::is_same<uint64_or_128_t<UInt>, UInt>::value, "");
+  int num_digits = 0;
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  switch (specs.type) {
+  default:
+    FMT_ASSERT(false, "");
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case presentation_type::none:
+  case presentation_type::dec:
+    num_digits = count_digits(value);
+    format_decimal<char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::hex:
+    if (specs.alt)
+      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(specs.upper ? 'X' : 'x') << 8 | '0');
+    num_digits = count_digits<4>(value);
+    format_uint<4, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits, specs.upper);
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::oct:
+    num_digits = count_digits<3>(value);
+    // Octal prefix '0' is counted as a digit, so only add it if precision
+    // is not greater than the number of digits.
+    if (specs.alt && specs.precision <= num_digits && value != 0)
+      prefix_append(prefix, '0');
+    format_uint<3, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::bin:
+    if (specs.alt)
+      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(specs.upper ? 'B' : 'b') << 8 | '0');
+    num_digits = count_digits<1>(value);
+    format_uint<1, char>(appender(buffer), value, num_digits);
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::chr:
+    return write_char<Char>(out, static_cast<Char>(value), specs);
+  }
+
+  unsigned size = (prefix != 0 ? prefix >> 24 : 0) + to_unsigned(num_digits) +
+                  to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(num_digits));
+  return write_padded<Char, align::right>(
+      out, specs, size, size, [&](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+        for (unsigned p = prefix & 0xffffff; p != 0; p >>= 8)
+          *it++ = static_cast<Char>(p & 0xff);
+        return grouping.apply(it, string_view(buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+      });
+}
+
+// Writes a localized value.
+FMT_API auto write_loc(appender out, loc_value value, const format_specs& specs,
+                       locale_ref loc) -> bool;
+template <typename OutputIt>
+inline auto write_loc(OutputIt, loc_value, const format_specs&, locale_ref)
+    -> bool {
+  return false;
+}
+
+template <typename UInt> struct write_int_arg {
+  UInt abs_value;
+  unsigned prefix;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto make_write_int_arg(T value, sign_t sign)
+    -> write_int_arg<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>> {
+  auto prefix = 0u;
+  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
+  if (is_negative(value)) {
+    prefix = 0x01000000 | '-';
+    abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+  } else {
+    constexpr const unsigned prefixes[4] = {0, 0, 0x1000000u | '+',
+                                            0x1000000u | ' '};
+    prefix = prefixes[sign];
+  }
+  return {abs_value, prefix};
+}
+
+template <typename Char = char> struct loc_writer {
+  basic_appender<Char> out;
+  const format_specs& specs;
+  std::basic_string<Char> sep;
+  std::string grouping;
+  std::basic_string<Char> decimal_point;
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T value) -> bool {
+    auto arg = make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign);
+    write_int(out, static_cast<uint64_or_128_t<T>>(arg.abs_value), arg.prefix,
+              specs, digit_grouping<Char>(grouping, sep));
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T) -> bool {
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write_int(OutputIt out, write_int_arg<T> arg,
+                                        const format_specs& specs, locale_ref)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  static_assert(std::is_same<T, uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>::value, "");
+  auto abs_value = arg.abs_value;
+  auto prefix = arg.prefix;
+  switch (specs.type) {
+  default:
+    FMT_ASSERT(false, "");
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case presentation_type::none:
+  case presentation_type::dec: {
+    int num_digits = count_digits(abs_value);
+    return write_int<Char>(
+        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+          return format_decimal<Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits).end;
+        });
+  }
+  case presentation_type::hex: {
+    if (specs.alt)
+      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(specs.upper ? 'X' : 'x') << 8 | '0');
+    int num_digits = count_digits<4>(abs_value);
+    return write_int<Char>(
+        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+          return format_uint<4, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits, specs.upper);
+        });
+  }
+  case presentation_type::oct: {
+    int num_digits = count_digits<3>(abs_value);
+    // Octal prefix '0' is counted as a digit, so only add it if precision
+    // is not greater than the number of digits.
+    if (specs.alt && specs.precision <= num_digits && abs_value != 0)
+      prefix_append(prefix, '0');
+    return write_int<Char>(
+        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+          return format_uint<3, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits);
+        });
+  }
+  case presentation_type::bin: {
+    if (specs.alt)
+      prefix_append(prefix, unsigned(specs.upper ? 'B' : 'b') << 8 | '0');
+    int num_digits = count_digits<1>(abs_value);
+    return write_int<Char>(
+        out, num_digits, prefix, specs, [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+          return format_uint<1, Char>(it, abs_value, num_digits);
+        });
+  }
+  case presentation_type::chr:
+    return write_char<Char>(out, static_cast<Char>(abs_value), specs);
+  }
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_NOINLINE auto write_int_noinline(OutputIt out,
+                                                   write_int_arg<T> arg,
+                                                   const format_specs& specs,
+                                                   locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
+  return write_int<Char>(out, arg, specs, loc);
+}
+template <typename Char, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, Char>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write(basic_appender<Char> out, T value,
+                                    const format_specs& specs, locale_ref loc)
+    -> basic_appender<Char> {
+  if (specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)) return out;
+  return write_int_noinline<Char>(out, make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign),
+                                  specs, loc);
+}
+// An inlined version of write used in format string compilation.
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, Char>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<OutputIt, basic_appender<Char>>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto write(OutputIt out, T value,
+                                    const format_specs& specs, locale_ref loc)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  if (specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)) return out;
+  return write_int<Char>(out, make_write_int_arg(value, specs.sign), specs,
+                         loc);
+}
+
+// An output iterator that counts the number of objects written to it and
+// discards them.
+class counting_iterator {
+ private:
+  size_t count_;
+
+ public:
+  using iterator_category = std::output_iterator_tag;
+  using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+  using pointer = void;
+  using reference = void;
+  FMT_UNCHECKED_ITERATOR(counting_iterator);
+
+  struct value_type {
+    template <typename T> FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator=(const T&) {}
+  };
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR counting_iterator() : count_(0) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto count() const -> size_t { return count_; }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator++() -> counting_iterator& {
+    ++count_;
+    return *this;
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator++(int) -> counting_iterator {
+    auto it = *this;
+    ++*this;
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR friend auto operator+(counting_iterator it, difference_type n)
+      -> counting_iterator {
+    it.count_ += static_cast<size_t>(n);
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator*() const -> value_type { return {}; }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> s,
+                         const format_specs& specs) -> OutputIt {
+  auto data = s.data();
+  auto size = s.size();
+  if (specs.precision >= 0 && to_unsigned(specs.precision) < size)
+    size = code_point_index(s, to_unsigned(specs.precision));
+  bool is_debug = specs.type == presentation_type::debug;
+  size_t width = 0;
+
+  if (is_debug) size = write_escaped_string(counting_iterator{}, s).count();
+
+  if (specs.width != 0) {
+    if (is_debug)
+      width = size;
+    else
+      width = compute_width(basic_string_view<Char>(data, size));
+  }
+  return write_padded<Char>(out, specs, size, width,
+                            [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+                              if (is_debug) return write_escaped_string(it, s);
+                              return copy<Char>(data, data + size, it);
+                            });
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out,
+                         basic_string_view<type_identity_t<Char>> s,
+                         const format_specs& specs, locale_ref) -> OutputIt {
+  return write<Char>(out, s, specs);
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const Char* s, const format_specs& specs,
+                         locale_ref) -> OutputIt {
+  if (specs.type == presentation_type::pointer)
+    return write_ptr<Char>(out, bit_cast<uintptr_t>(s), &specs);
+  if (!s) report_error("string pointer is null");
+  return write<Char>(out, basic_string_view<Char>(s), specs, {});
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integral<T>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, bool>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<T, Char>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
+  auto abs_value = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
+  bool negative = is_negative(value);
+  // Don't do -abs_value since it trips unsigned-integer-overflow sanitizer.
+  if (negative) abs_value = ~abs_value + 1;
+  int num_digits = count_digits(abs_value);
+  auto size = (negative ? 1 : 0) + static_cast<size_t>(num_digits);
+  if (auto ptr = to_pointer<Char>(out, size)) {
+    if (negative) *ptr++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
+    format_decimal<Char>(ptr, abs_value, num_digits);
+    return out;
+  }
+  if (negative) *out++ = static_cast<Char>('-');
+  return format_decimal<Char>(out, abs_value, num_digits).end;
+}
+
+// DEPRECATED!
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse_align(const Char* begin, const Char* end,
+                               format_specs& specs) -> const Char* {
+  FMT_ASSERT(begin != end, "");
+  auto align = align::none;
+  auto p = begin + code_point_length(begin);
+  if (end - p <= 0) p = begin;
+  for (;;) {
+    switch (to_ascii(*p)) {
+    case '<':
+      align = align::left;
+      break;
+    case '>':
+      align = align::right;
+      break;
+    case '^':
+      align = align::center;
+      break;
+    }
+    if (align != align::none) {
+      if (p != begin) {
+        auto c = *begin;
+        if (c == '}') return begin;
+        if (c == '{') {
+          report_error("invalid fill character '{'");
+          return begin;
+        }
+        specs.fill = basic_string_view<Char>(begin, to_unsigned(p - begin));
+        begin = p + 1;
+      } else {
+        ++begin;
+      }
+      break;
+    } else if (p == begin) {
+      break;
+    }
+    p = begin;
+  }
+  specs.align = align;
+  return begin;
+}
+
+// A floating-point presentation format.
+enum class float_format : unsigned char {
+  general,  // General: exponent notation or fixed point based on magnitude.
+  exp,      // Exponent notation with the default precision of 6, e.g. 1.2e-3.
+  fixed     // Fixed point with the default precision of 6, e.g. 0.0012.
+};
+
+struct float_specs {
+  int precision;
+  float_format format : 8;
+  sign_t sign : 8;
+  bool locale : 1;
+  bool binary32 : 1;
+  bool showpoint : 1;
+};
+
+// DEPRECATED!
+FMT_CONSTEXPR inline auto parse_float_type_spec(const format_specs& specs)
+    -> float_specs {
+  auto result = float_specs();
+  result.showpoint = specs.alt;
+  result.locale = specs.localized;
+  switch (specs.type) {
+  default:
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case presentation_type::none:
+    result.format = float_format::general;
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::exp:
+    result.format = float_format::exp;
+    result.showpoint |= specs.precision != 0;
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::fixed:
+    result.format = float_format::fixed;
+    result.showpoint |= specs.precision != 0;
+    break;
+  case presentation_type::general:
+    result.format = float_format::general;
+    break;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_nonfinite(OutputIt out, bool isnan,
+                                     format_specs specs, sign_t sign)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  auto str =
+      isnan ? (specs.upper ? "NAN" : "nan") : (specs.upper ? "INF" : "inf");
+  constexpr size_t str_size = 3;
+  auto size = str_size + (sign ? 1 : 0);
+  // Replace '0'-padding with space for non-finite values.
+  const bool is_zero_fill =
+      specs.fill.size() == 1 && specs.fill.template get<Char>() == '0';
+  if (is_zero_fill) specs.fill = ' ';
+  return write_padded<Char>(out, specs, size,
+                            [=](reserve_iterator<OutputIt> it) {
+                              if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+                              return copy<Char>(str, str + str_size, it);
+                            });
+}
+
+// A decimal floating-point number significand * pow(10, exp).
+struct big_decimal_fp {
+  const char* significand;
+  int significand_size;
+  int exponent;
+};
+
+constexpr auto get_significand_size(const big_decimal_fp& f) -> int {
+  return f.significand_size;
+}
+template <typename T>
+inline auto get_significand_size(const dragonbox::decimal_fp<T>& f) -> int {
+  return count_digits(f.significand);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+constexpr auto write_significand(OutputIt out, const char* significand,
+                                 int significand_size) -> OutputIt {
+  return copy<Char>(significand, significand + significand_size, out);
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename UInt>
+inline auto write_significand(OutputIt out, UInt significand,
+                              int significand_size) -> OutputIt {
+  return format_decimal<Char>(out, significand, significand_size).end;
+}
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T, typename Grouping>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_significand(OutputIt out, T significand,
+                                       int significand_size, int exponent,
+                                       const Grouping& grouping) -> OutputIt {
+  if (!grouping.has_separator()) {
+    out = write_significand<Char>(out, significand, significand_size);
+    return detail::fill_n(out, exponent, static_cast<Char>('0'));
+  }
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  write_significand<char>(appender(buffer), significand, significand_size);
+  detail::fill_n(appender(buffer), exponent, '0');
+  return grouping.apply(out, string_view(buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename UInt,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<UInt>::value)>
+inline auto write_significand(Char* out, UInt significand, int significand_size,
+                              int integral_size, Char decimal_point) -> Char* {
+  if (!decimal_point)
+    return format_decimal(out, significand, significand_size).end;
+  out += significand_size + 1;
+  Char* end = out;
+  int floating_size = significand_size - integral_size;
+  for (int i = floating_size / 2; i > 0; --i) {
+    out -= 2;
+    copy2(out, digits2(static_cast<std::size_t>(significand % 100)));
+    significand /= 100;
+  }
+  if (floating_size % 2 != 0) {
+    *--out = static_cast<Char>('0' + significand % 10);
+    significand /= 10;
+  }
+  *--out = decimal_point;
+  format_decimal(out - integral_size, significand, integral_size);
+  return end;
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename UInt, typename Char,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_pointer<remove_cvref_t<OutputIt>>::value)>
+inline auto write_significand(OutputIt out, UInt significand,
+                              int significand_size, int integral_size,
+                              Char decimal_point) -> OutputIt {
+  // Buffer is large enough to hold digits (digits10 + 1) and a decimal point.
+  Char buffer[digits10<UInt>() + 2];
+  auto end = write_significand(buffer, significand, significand_size,
+                               integral_size, decimal_point);
+  return detail::copy_noinline<Char>(buffer, end, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write_significand(OutputIt out, const char* significand,
+                                     int significand_size, int integral_size,
+                                     Char decimal_point) -> OutputIt {
+  out = detail::copy_noinline<Char>(significand, significand + integral_size,
+                                    out);
+  if (!decimal_point) return out;
+  *out++ = decimal_point;
+  return detail::copy_noinline<Char>(significand + integral_size,
+                                     significand + significand_size, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename T, typename Grouping>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_significand(OutputIt out, T significand,
+                                       int significand_size, int integral_size,
+                                       Char decimal_point,
+                                       const Grouping& grouping) -> OutputIt {
+  if (!grouping.has_separator()) {
+    return write_significand(out, significand, significand_size, integral_size,
+                             decimal_point);
+  }
+  auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  write_significand(basic_appender<Char>(buffer), significand, significand_size,
+                    integral_size, decimal_point);
+  grouping.apply(
+      out, basic_string_view<Char>(buffer.data(), to_unsigned(integral_size)));
+  return detail::copy_noinline<Char>(buffer.data() + integral_size,
+                                     buffer.end(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename DecimalFP,
+          typename Grouping = digit_grouping<Char>>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto do_write_float(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
+                                    const format_specs& specs,
+                                    float_specs fspecs, locale_ref loc)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  auto significand = f.significand;
+  int significand_size = get_significand_size(f);
+  const Char zero = static_cast<Char>('0');
+  auto sign = fspecs.sign;
+  size_t size = to_unsigned(significand_size) + (sign ? 1 : 0);
+  using iterator = reserve_iterator<OutputIt>;
+
+  Char decimal_point =
+      fspecs.locale ? detail::decimal_point<Char>(loc) : static_cast<Char>('.');
+
+  int output_exp = f.exponent + significand_size - 1;
+  auto use_exp_format = [=]() {
+    if (fspecs.format == float_format::exp) return true;
+    if (fspecs.format != float_format::general) return false;
+    // Use the fixed notation if the exponent is in [exp_lower, exp_upper),
+    // e.g. 0.0001 instead of 1e-04. Otherwise use the exponent notation.
+    const int exp_lower = -4, exp_upper = 16;
+    return output_exp < exp_lower ||
+           output_exp >= (fspecs.precision > 0 ? fspecs.precision : exp_upper);
+  };
+  if (use_exp_format()) {
+    int num_zeros = 0;
+    if (fspecs.showpoint) {
+      num_zeros = fspecs.precision - significand_size;
+      if (num_zeros < 0) num_zeros = 0;
+      size += to_unsigned(num_zeros);
+    } else if (significand_size == 1) {
+      decimal_point = Char();
+    }
+    auto abs_output_exp = output_exp >= 0 ? output_exp : -output_exp;
+    int exp_digits = 2;
+    if (abs_output_exp >= 100) exp_digits = abs_output_exp >= 1000 ? 4 : 3;
+
+    size += to_unsigned((decimal_point ? 1 : 0) + 2 + exp_digits);
+    char exp_char = specs.upper ? 'E' : 'e';
+    auto write = [=](iterator it) {
+      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+      // Insert a decimal point after the first digit and add an exponent.
+      it = write_significand(it, significand, significand_size, 1,
+                             decimal_point);
+      if (num_zeros > 0) it = detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero);
+      *it++ = static_cast<Char>(exp_char);
+      return write_exponent<Char>(output_exp, it);
+    };
+    return specs.width > 0
+               ? write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, specs, size, write)
+               : base_iterator(out, write(reserve(out, size)));
+  }
+
+  int exp = f.exponent + significand_size;
+  if (f.exponent >= 0) {
+    // 1234e5 -> 123400000[.0+]
+    size += to_unsigned(f.exponent);
+    int num_zeros = fspecs.precision - exp;
+    abort_fuzzing_if(num_zeros > 5000);
+    if (fspecs.showpoint) {
+      ++size;
+      if (num_zeros <= 0 && fspecs.format != float_format::fixed) num_zeros = 0;
+      if (num_zeros > 0) size += to_unsigned(num_zeros);
+    }
+    auto grouping = Grouping(loc, fspecs.locale);
+    size += to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(exp));
+    return write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
+      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+      it = write_significand<Char>(it, significand, significand_size,
+                                   f.exponent, grouping);
+      if (!fspecs.showpoint) return it;
+      *it++ = decimal_point;
+      return num_zeros > 0 ? detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero) : it;
+    });
+  } else if (exp > 0) {
+    // 1234e-2 -> 12.34[0+]
+    int num_zeros = fspecs.showpoint ? fspecs.precision - significand_size : 0;
+    size += 1 + to_unsigned(num_zeros > 0 ? num_zeros : 0);
+    auto grouping = Grouping(loc, fspecs.locale);
+    size += to_unsigned(grouping.count_separators(exp));
+    return write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
+      if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+      it = write_significand(it, significand, significand_size, exp,
+                             decimal_point, grouping);
+      return num_zeros > 0 ? detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero) : it;
+    });
+  }
+  // 1234e-6 -> 0.001234
+  int num_zeros = -exp;
+  if (significand_size == 0 && fspecs.precision >= 0 &&
+      fspecs.precision < num_zeros) {
+    num_zeros = fspecs.precision;
+  }
+  bool pointy = num_zeros != 0 || significand_size != 0 || fspecs.showpoint;
+  size += 1 + (pointy ? 1 : 0) + to_unsigned(num_zeros);
+  return write_padded<Char, align::right>(out, specs, size, [&](iterator it) {
+    if (sign) *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+    *it++ = zero;
+    if (!pointy) return it;
+    *it++ = decimal_point;
+    it = detail::fill_n(it, num_zeros, zero);
+    return write_significand<Char>(it, significand, significand_size);
+  });
+}
+
+template <typename Char> class fallback_digit_grouping {
+ public:
+  constexpr fallback_digit_grouping(locale_ref, bool) {}
+
+  constexpr auto has_separator() const -> bool { return false; }
+
+  constexpr auto count_separators(int) const -> int { return 0; }
+
+  template <typename Out, typename C>
+  constexpr auto apply(Out out, basic_string_view<C>) const -> Out {
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename DecimalFP>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_float(OutputIt out, const DecimalFP& f,
+                                 const format_specs& specs, float_specs fspecs,
+                                 locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
+  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
+    return do_write_float<Char, OutputIt, DecimalFP,
+                          fallback_digit_grouping<Char>>(out, f, specs, fspecs,
+                                                         loc);
+  } else {
+    return do_write_float<Char>(out, f, specs, fspecs, loc);
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename T> constexpr auto isnan(T value) -> bool {
+  return value != value;  // std::isnan doesn't support __float128.
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_isfinite : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_isfinite<T, enable_if_t<sizeof(std::isfinite(T())) != 0>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value&&
+                                        has_isfinite<T>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto isfinite(T value) -> bool {
+  constexpr T inf = T(std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
+  if (is_constant_evaluated())
+    return !detail::isnan(value) && value < inf && value > -inf;
+  return std::isfinite(value);
+}
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!has_isfinite<T>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto isfinite(T value) -> bool {
+  T inf = T(std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
+  // std::isfinite doesn't support __float128.
+  return !detail::isnan(value) && value < inf && value > -inf;
+}
+
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR bool signbit(T value) {
+  if (is_constant_evaluated()) {
+#ifdef __cpp_if_constexpr
+    if constexpr (std::numeric_limits<double>::is_iec559) {
+      auto bits = detail::bit_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(value));
+      return (bits >> (num_bits<uint64_t>() - 1)) != 0;
+    }
+#endif
+  }
+  return std::signbit(static_cast<double>(value));
+}
+
+inline FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void adjust_precision(int& precision, int exp10) {
+  // Adjust fixed precision by exponent because it is relative to decimal
+  // point.
+  if (exp10 > 0 && precision > max_value<int>() - exp10)
+    FMT_THROW(format_error("number is too big"));
+  precision += exp10;
+}
+
+class bigint {
+ private:
+  // A bigint is stored as an array of bigits (big digits), with bigit at index
+  // 0 being the least significant one.
+  using bigit = uint32_t;
+  using double_bigit = uint64_t;
+  enum { bigits_capacity = 32 };
+  basic_memory_buffer<bigit, bigits_capacity> bigits_;
+  int exp_;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator[](int index) const -> bigit {
+    return bigits_[to_unsigned(index)];
+  }
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator[](int index) -> bigit& {
+    return bigits_[to_unsigned(index)];
+  }
+
+  static constexpr const int bigit_bits = num_bits<bigit>();
+
+  friend struct formatter<bigint>;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void subtract_bigits(int index, bigit other, bigit& borrow) {
+    auto result = static_cast<double_bigit>((*this)[index]) - other - borrow;
+    (*this)[index] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
+    borrow = static_cast<bigit>(result >> (bigit_bits * 2 - 1));
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void remove_leading_zeros() {
+    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size()) - 1;
+    while (num_bigits > 0 && (*this)[num_bigits] == 0) --num_bigits;
+    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_bigits + 1));
+  }
+
+  // Computes *this -= other assuming aligned bigints and *this >= other.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void subtract_aligned(const bigint& other) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(other.exp_ >= exp_, "unaligned bigints");
+    FMT_ASSERT(compare(*this, other) >= 0, "");
+    bigit borrow = 0;
+    int i = other.exp_ - exp_;
+    for (size_t j = 0, n = other.bigits_.size(); j != n; ++i, ++j)
+      subtract_bigits(i, other.bigits_[j], borrow);
+    while (borrow > 0) subtract_bigits(i, 0, borrow);
+    remove_leading_zeros();
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void multiply(uint32_t value) {
+    const double_bigit wide_value = value;
+    bigit carry = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
+      double_bigit result = bigits_[i] * wide_value + carry;
+      bigits_[i] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
+      carry = static_cast<bigit>(result >> bigit_bits);
+    }
+    if (carry != 0) bigits_.push_back(carry);
+  }
+
+  template <typename UInt, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<UInt, uint64_t>::value ||
+                                         std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void multiply(UInt value) {
+    using half_uint =
+        conditional_t<std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value, uint64_t, uint32_t>;
+    const int shift = num_bits<half_uint>() - bigit_bits;
+    const UInt lower = static_cast<half_uint>(value);
+    const UInt upper = value >> num_bits<half_uint>();
+    UInt carry = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
+      UInt result = lower * bigits_[i] + static_cast<bigit>(carry);
+      carry = (upper * bigits_[i] << shift) + (result >> bigit_bits) +
+              (carry >> bigit_bits);
+      bigits_[i] = static_cast<bigit>(result);
+    }
+    while (carry != 0) {
+      bigits_.push_back(static_cast<bigit>(carry));
+      carry >>= bigit_bits;
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename UInt, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<UInt, uint64_t>::value ||
+                                         std::is_same<UInt, uint128_t>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign(UInt n) {
+    size_t num_bigits = 0;
+    do {
+      bigits_[num_bigits++] = static_cast<bigit>(n);
+      n >>= bigit_bits;
+    } while (n != 0);
+    bigits_.resize(num_bigits);
+    exp_ = 0;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 bigint() : exp_(0) {}
+  explicit bigint(uint64_t n) { assign(n); }
+
+  bigint(const bigint&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const bigint&) = delete;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign(const bigint& other) {
+    auto size = other.bigits_.size();
+    bigits_.resize(size);
+    auto data = other.bigits_.data();
+    copy<bigit>(data, data + size, bigits_.data());
+    exp_ = other.exp_;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Int> FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void operator=(Int n) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(n > 0, "");
+    assign(uint64_or_128_t<Int>(n));
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto num_bigits() const -> int {
+    return static_cast<int>(bigits_.size()) + exp_;
+  }
+
+  FMT_NOINLINE FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator<<=(int shift) -> bigint& {
+    FMT_ASSERT(shift >= 0, "");
+    exp_ += shift / bigit_bits;
+    shift %= bigit_bits;
+    if (shift == 0) return *this;
+    bigit carry = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0, n = bigits_.size(); i < n; ++i) {
+      bigit c = bigits_[i] >> (bigit_bits - shift);
+      bigits_[i] = (bigits_[i] << shift) + carry;
+      carry = c;
+    }
+    if (carry != 0) bigits_.push_back(carry);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Int>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto operator*=(Int value) -> bigint& {
+    FMT_ASSERT(value > 0, "");
+    multiply(uint32_or_64_or_128_t<Int>(value));
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto compare(const bigint& lhs, const bigint& rhs)
+      -> int {
+    int num_lhs_bigits = lhs.num_bigits(), num_rhs_bigits = rhs.num_bigits();
+    if (num_lhs_bigits != num_rhs_bigits)
+      return num_lhs_bigits > num_rhs_bigits ? 1 : -1;
+    int i = static_cast<int>(lhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
+    int j = static_cast<int>(rhs.bigits_.size()) - 1;
+    int end = i - j;
+    if (end < 0) end = 0;
+    for (; i >= end; --i, --j) {
+      bigit lhs_bigit = lhs[i], rhs_bigit = rhs[j];
+      if (lhs_bigit != rhs_bigit) return lhs_bigit > rhs_bigit ? 1 : -1;
+    }
+    if (i != j) return i > j ? 1 : -1;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // Returns compare(lhs1 + lhs2, rhs).
+  friend FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto add_compare(const bigint& lhs1,
+                                          const bigint& lhs2, const bigint& rhs)
+      -> int {
+    auto minimum = [](int a, int b) { return a < b ? a : b; };
+    auto maximum = [](int a, int b) { return a > b ? a : b; };
+    int max_lhs_bigits = maximum(lhs1.num_bigits(), lhs2.num_bigits());
+    int num_rhs_bigits = rhs.num_bigits();
+    if (max_lhs_bigits + 1 < num_rhs_bigits) return -1;
+    if (max_lhs_bigits > num_rhs_bigits) return 1;
+    auto get_bigit = [](const bigint& n, int i) -> bigit {
+      return i >= n.exp_ && i < n.num_bigits() ? n[i - n.exp_] : 0;
+    };
+    double_bigit borrow = 0;
+    int min_exp = minimum(minimum(lhs1.exp_, lhs2.exp_), rhs.exp_);
+    for (int i = num_rhs_bigits - 1; i >= min_exp; --i) {
+      double_bigit sum =
+          static_cast<double_bigit>(get_bigit(lhs1, i)) + get_bigit(lhs2, i);
+      bigit rhs_bigit = get_bigit(rhs, i);
+      if (sum > rhs_bigit + borrow) return 1;
+      borrow = rhs_bigit + borrow - sum;
+      if (borrow > 1) return -1;
+      borrow <<= bigit_bits;
+    }
+    return borrow != 0 ? -1 : 0;
+  }
+
+  // Assigns pow(10, exp) to this bigint.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void assign_pow10(int exp) {
+    FMT_ASSERT(exp >= 0, "");
+    if (exp == 0) return *this = 1;
+    // Find the top bit.
+    int bitmask = 1;
+    while (exp >= bitmask) bitmask <<= 1;
+    bitmask >>= 1;
+    // pow(10, exp) = pow(5, exp) * pow(2, exp). First compute pow(5, exp) by
+    // repeated squaring and multiplication.
+    *this = 5;
+    bitmask >>= 1;
+    while (bitmask != 0) {
+      square();
+      if ((exp & bitmask) != 0) *this *= 5;
+      bitmask >>= 1;
+    }
+    *this <<= exp;  // Multiply by pow(2, exp) by shifting.
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void square() {
+    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size());
+    int num_result_bigits = 2 * num_bigits;
+    basic_memory_buffer<bigit, bigits_capacity> n(std::move(bigits_));
+    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_result_bigits));
+    auto sum = uint128_t();
+    for (int bigit_index = 0; bigit_index < num_bigits; ++bigit_index) {
+      // Compute bigit at position bigit_index of the result by adding
+      // cross-product terms n[i] * n[j] such that i + j == bigit_index.
+      for (int i = 0, j = bigit_index; j >= 0; ++i, --j) {
+        // Most terms are multiplied twice which can be optimized in the future.
+        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i]) * n[j];
+      }
+      (*this)[bigit_index] = static_cast<bigit>(sum);
+      sum >>= num_bits<bigit>();  // Compute the carry.
+    }
+    // Do the same for the top half.
+    for (int bigit_index = num_bigits; bigit_index < num_result_bigits;
+         ++bigit_index) {
+      for (int j = num_bigits - 1, i = bigit_index - j; i < num_bigits;)
+        sum += static_cast<double_bigit>(n[i++]) * n[j--];
+      (*this)[bigit_index] = static_cast<bigit>(sum);
+      sum >>= num_bits<bigit>();
+    }
+    remove_leading_zeros();
+    exp_ *= 2;
+  }
+
+  // If this bigint has a bigger exponent than other, adds trailing zero to make
+  // exponents equal. This simplifies some operations such as subtraction.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void align(const bigint& other) {
+    int exp_difference = exp_ - other.exp_;
+    if (exp_difference <= 0) return;
+    int num_bigits = static_cast<int>(bigits_.size());
+    bigits_.resize(to_unsigned(num_bigits + exp_difference));
+    for (int i = num_bigits - 1, j = i + exp_difference; i >= 0; --i, --j)
+      bigits_[j] = bigits_[i];
+    memset(bigits_.data(), 0, to_unsigned(exp_difference) * sizeof(bigit));
+    exp_ -= exp_difference;
+  }
+
+  // Divides this bignum by divisor, assigning the remainder to this and
+  // returning the quotient.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto divmod_assign(const bigint& divisor) -> int {
+    FMT_ASSERT(this != &divisor, "");
+    if (compare(*this, divisor) < 0) return 0;
+    FMT_ASSERT(divisor.bigits_[divisor.bigits_.size() - 1u] != 0, "");
+    align(divisor);
+    int quotient = 0;
+    do {
+      subtract_aligned(divisor);
+      ++quotient;
+    } while (compare(*this, divisor) >= 0);
+    return quotient;
+  }
+};
+
+// format_dragon flags.
+enum dragon {
+  predecessor_closer = 1,
+  fixup = 2,  // Run fixup to correct exp10 which can be off by one.
+  fixed = 4,
+};
+
+// Formats a floating-point number using a variation of the Fixed-Precision
+// Positive Floating-Point Printout ((FPP)^2) algorithm by Steele & White:
+// https://fmt.dev/papers/p372-steele.pdf.
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 inline void format_dragon(basic_fp<uint128_t> value,
+                                          unsigned flags, int num_digits,
+                                          buffer<char>& buf, int& exp10) {
+  bigint numerator;    // 2 * R in (FPP)^2.
+  bigint denominator;  // 2 * S in (FPP)^2.
+  // lower and upper are differences between value and corresponding boundaries.
+  bigint lower;             // (M^- in (FPP)^2).
+  bigint upper_store;       // upper's value if different from lower.
+  bigint* upper = nullptr;  // (M^+ in (FPP)^2).
+  // Shift numerator and denominator by an extra bit or two (if lower boundary
+  // is closer) to make lower and upper integers. This eliminates multiplication
+  // by 2 during later computations.
+  bool is_predecessor_closer = (flags & dragon::predecessor_closer) != 0;
+  int shift = is_predecessor_closer ? 2 : 1;
+  if (value.e >= 0) {
+    numerator = value.f;
+    numerator <<= value.e + shift;
+    lower = 1;
+    lower <<= value.e;
+    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
+      upper_store = 1;
+      upper_store <<= value.e + 1;
+      upper = &upper_store;
+    }
+    denominator.assign_pow10(exp10);
+    denominator <<= shift;
+  } else if (exp10 < 0) {
+    numerator.assign_pow10(-exp10);
+    lower.assign(numerator);
+    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
+      upper_store.assign(numerator);
+      upper_store <<= 1;
+      upper = &upper_store;
+    }
+    numerator *= value.f;
+    numerator <<= shift;
+    denominator = 1;
+    denominator <<= shift - value.e;
+  } else {
+    numerator = value.f;
+    numerator <<= shift;
+    denominator.assign_pow10(exp10);
+    denominator <<= shift - value.e;
+    lower = 1;
+    if (is_predecessor_closer) {
+      upper_store = 1ULL << 1;
+      upper = &upper_store;
+    }
+  }
+  int even = static_cast<int>((value.f & 1) == 0);
+  if (!upper) upper = &lower;
+  bool shortest = num_digits < 0;
+  if ((flags & dragon::fixup) != 0) {
+    if (add_compare(numerator, *upper, denominator) + even <= 0) {
+      --exp10;
+      numerator *= 10;
+      if (num_digits < 0) {
+        lower *= 10;
+        if (upper != &lower) *upper *= 10;
+      }
+    }
+    if ((flags & dragon::fixed) != 0) adjust_precision(num_digits, exp10 + 1);
+  }
+  // Invariant: value == (numerator / denominator) * pow(10, exp10).
+  if (shortest) {
+    // Generate the shortest representation.
+    num_digits = 0;
+    char* data = buf.data();
+    for (;;) {
+      int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
+      bool low = compare(numerator, lower) - even < 0;  // numerator <[=] lower.
+      // numerator + upper >[=] pow10:
+      bool high = add_compare(numerator, *upper, denominator) + even > 0;
+      data[num_digits++] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
+      if (low || high) {
+        if (!low) {
+          ++data[num_digits - 1];
+        } else if (high) {
+          int result = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator);
+          // Round half to even.
+          if (result > 0 || (result == 0 && (digit % 2) != 0))
+            ++data[num_digits - 1];
+        }
+        buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(num_digits));
+        exp10 -= num_digits - 1;
+        return;
+      }
+      numerator *= 10;
+      lower *= 10;
+      if (upper != &lower) *upper *= 10;
+    }
+  }
+  // Generate the given number of digits.
+  exp10 -= num_digits - 1;
+  if (num_digits <= 0) {
+    auto digit = '0';
+    if (num_digits == 0) {
+      denominator *= 10;
+      digit = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator) > 0 ? '1' : '0';
+    }
+    buf.push_back(digit);
+    return;
+  }
+  buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(num_digits));
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_digits - 1; ++i) {
+    int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
+    buf[i] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
+    numerator *= 10;
+  }
+  int digit = numerator.divmod_assign(denominator);
+  auto result = add_compare(numerator, numerator, denominator);
+  if (result > 0 || (result == 0 && (digit % 2) != 0)) {
+    if (digit == 9) {
+      const auto overflow = '0' + 10;
+      buf[num_digits - 1] = overflow;
+      // Propagate the carry.
+      for (int i = num_digits - 1; i > 0 && buf[i] == overflow; --i) {
+        buf[i] = '0';
+        ++buf[i - 1];
+      }
+      if (buf[0] == overflow) {
+        buf[0] = '1';
+        if ((flags & dragon::fixed) != 0)
+          buf.push_back('0');
+        else
+          ++exp10;
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+    ++digit;
+  }
+  buf[num_digits - 1] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
+}
+
+// Formats a floating-point number using the hexfloat format.
+template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_double_double<Float>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void format_hexfloat(Float value, format_specs specs,
+                                     buffer<char>& buf) {
+  // float is passed as double to reduce the number of instantiations and to
+  // simplify implementation.
+  static_assert(!std::is_same<Float, float>::value, "");
+
+  using info = dragonbox::float_info<Float>;
+
+  // Assume Float is in the format [sign][exponent][significand].
+  using carrier_uint = typename info::carrier_uint;
+
+  constexpr auto num_float_significand_bits =
+      detail::num_significand_bits<Float>();
+
+  basic_fp<carrier_uint> f(value);
+  f.e += num_float_significand_bits;
+  if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) --f.e;
+
+  constexpr auto num_fraction_bits =
+      num_float_significand_bits + (has_implicit_bit<Float>() ? 1 : 0);
+  constexpr auto num_xdigits = (num_fraction_bits + 3) / 4;
+
+  constexpr auto leading_shift = ((num_xdigits - 1) * 4);
+  const auto leading_mask = carrier_uint(0xF) << leading_shift;
+  const auto leading_xdigit =
+      static_cast<uint32_t>((f.f & leading_mask) >> leading_shift);
+  if (leading_xdigit > 1) f.e -= (32 - countl_zero(leading_xdigit) - 1);
+
+  int print_xdigits = num_xdigits - 1;
+  if (specs.precision >= 0 && print_xdigits > specs.precision) {
+    const int shift = ((print_xdigits - specs.precision - 1) * 4);
+    const auto mask = carrier_uint(0xF) << shift;
+    const auto v = static_cast<uint32_t>((f.f & mask) >> shift);
+
+    if (v >= 8) {
+      const auto inc = carrier_uint(1) << (shift + 4);
+      f.f += inc;
+      f.f &= ~(inc - 1);
+    }
+
+    // Check long double overflow
+    if (!has_implicit_bit<Float>()) {
+      const auto implicit_bit = carrier_uint(1) << num_float_significand_bits;
+      if ((f.f & implicit_bit) == implicit_bit) {
+        f.f >>= 4;
+        f.e += 4;
+      }
+    }
+
+    print_xdigits = specs.precision;
+  }
+
+  char xdigits[num_bits<carrier_uint>() / 4];
+  detail::fill_n(xdigits, sizeof(xdigits), '0');
+  format_uint<4>(xdigits, f.f, num_xdigits, specs.upper);
+
+  // Remove zero tail
+  while (print_xdigits > 0 && xdigits[print_xdigits] == '0') --print_xdigits;
+
+  buf.push_back('0');
+  buf.push_back(specs.upper ? 'X' : 'x');
+  buf.push_back(xdigits[0]);
+  if (specs.alt || print_xdigits > 0 || print_xdigits < specs.precision)
+    buf.push_back('.');
+  buf.append(xdigits + 1, xdigits + 1 + print_xdigits);
+  for (; print_xdigits < specs.precision; ++print_xdigits) buf.push_back('0');
+
+  buf.push_back(specs.upper ? 'P' : 'p');
+
+  uint32_t abs_e;
+  if (f.e < 0) {
+    buf.push_back('-');
+    abs_e = static_cast<uint32_t>(-f.e);
+  } else {
+    buf.push_back('+');
+    abs_e = static_cast<uint32_t>(f.e);
+  }
+  format_decimal<char>(appender(buf), abs_e, detail::count_digits(abs_e));
+}
+
+template <typename Float, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_double_double<Float>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 void format_hexfloat(Float value, format_specs specs,
+                                     buffer<char>& buf) {
+  format_hexfloat(static_cast<double>(value), specs, buf);
+}
+
+constexpr auto fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(int index) -> uint32_t {
+  // For checking rounding thresholds.
+  // The kth entry is chosen to be the smallest integer such that the
+  // upper 32-bits of 10^(k+1) times it is strictly bigger than 5 * 10^k.
+  // It is equal to ceil(2^31 + 2^32/10^(k + 1)).
+  // These are stored in a string literal because we cannot have static arrays
+  // in constexpr functions and non-static ones are poorly optimized.
+  return U"\x9999999a\x828f5c29\x80418938\x80068db9\x8000a7c6\x800010c7"
+         U"\x800001ae\x8000002b"[index];
+}
+
+template <typename Float>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_float(Float value, int precision, float_specs specs,
+                                  buffer<char>& buf) -> int {
+  // float is passed as double to reduce the number of instantiations.
+  static_assert(!std::is_same<Float, float>::value, "");
+  FMT_ASSERT(value >= 0, "value is negative");
+  auto converted_value = convert_float(value);
+
+  const bool fixed = specs.format == float_format::fixed;
+  if (value <= 0) {  // <= instead of == to silence a warning.
+    if (precision <= 0 || !fixed) {
+      buf.push_back('0');
+      return 0;
+    }
+    buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(precision));
+    fill_n(buf.data(), precision, '0');
+    return -precision;
+  }
+
+  int exp = 0;
+  bool use_dragon = true;
+  unsigned dragon_flags = 0;
+  if (!is_fast_float<Float>() || is_constant_evaluated()) {
+    const auto inv_log2_10 = 0.3010299956639812;  // 1 / log2(10)
+    using info = dragonbox::float_info<decltype(converted_value)>;
+    const auto f = basic_fp<typename info::carrier_uint>(converted_value);
+    // Compute exp, an approximate power of 10, such that
+    //   10^(exp - 1) <= value < 10^exp or 10^exp <= value < 10^(exp + 1).
+    // This is based on log10(value) == log2(value) / log2(10) and approximation
+    // of log2(value) by e + num_fraction_bits idea from double-conversion.
+    auto e = (f.e + count_digits<1>(f.f) - 1) * inv_log2_10 - 1e-10;
+    exp = static_cast<int>(e);
+    if (e > exp) ++exp;  // Compute ceil.
+    dragon_flags = dragon::fixup;
+  } else if (precision < 0) {
+    // Use Dragonbox for the shortest format.
+    if (specs.binary32) {
+      auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<float>(value));
+      write<char>(appender(buf), dec.significand);
+      return dec.exponent;
+    }
+    auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<double>(value));
+    write<char>(appender(buf), dec.significand);
+    return dec.exponent;
+  } else {
+    // Extract significand bits and exponent bits.
+    using info = dragonbox::float_info<double>;
+    auto br = bit_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<double>(value));
+
+    const uint64_t significand_mask =
+        (static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << num_significand_bits<double>()) - 1;
+    uint64_t significand = (br & significand_mask);
+    int exponent = static_cast<int>((br & exponent_mask<double>()) >>
+                                    num_significand_bits<double>());
+
+    if (exponent != 0) {  // Check if normal.
+      exponent -= exponent_bias<double>() + num_significand_bits<double>();
+      significand |=
+          (static_cast<uint64_t>(1) << num_significand_bits<double>());
+      significand <<= 1;
+    } else {
+      // Normalize subnormal inputs.
+      FMT_ASSERT(significand != 0, "zeros should not appear here");
+      int shift = countl_zero(significand);
+      FMT_ASSERT(shift >= num_bits<uint64_t>() - num_significand_bits<double>(),
+                 "");
+      shift -= (num_bits<uint64_t>() - num_significand_bits<double>() - 2);
+      exponent = (std::numeric_limits<double>::min_exponent -
+                  num_significand_bits<double>()) -
+                 shift;
+      significand <<= shift;
+    }
+
+    // Compute the first several nonzero decimal significand digits.
+    // We call the number we get the first segment.
+    const int k = info::kappa - dragonbox::floor_log10_pow2(exponent);
+    exp = -k;
+    const int beta = exponent + dragonbox::floor_log2_pow10(k);
+    uint64_t first_segment;
+    bool has_more_segments;
+    int digits_in_the_first_segment;
+    {
+      const auto r = dragonbox::umul192_upper128(
+          significand << beta, dragonbox::get_cached_power(k));
+      first_segment = r.high();
+      has_more_segments = r.low() != 0;
+
+      // The first segment can have 18 ~ 19 digits.
+      if (first_segment >= 1000000000000000000ULL) {
+        digits_in_the_first_segment = 19;
+      } else {
+        // When it is of 18-digits, we align it to 19-digits by adding a bogus
+        // zero at the end.
+        digits_in_the_first_segment = 18;
+        first_segment *= 10;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Compute the actual number of decimal digits to print.
+    if (fixed) adjust_precision(precision, exp + digits_in_the_first_segment);
+
+    // Use Dragon4 only when there might be not enough digits in the first
+    // segment.
+    if (digits_in_the_first_segment > precision) {
+      use_dragon = false;
+
+      if (precision <= 0) {
+        exp += digits_in_the_first_segment;
+
+        if (precision < 0) {
+          // Nothing to do, since all we have are just leading zeros.
+          buf.try_resize(0);
+        } else {
+          // We may need to round-up.
+          buf.try_resize(1);
+          if ((first_segment | static_cast<uint64_t>(has_more_segments)) >
+              5000000000000000000ULL) {
+            buf[0] = '1';
+          } else {
+            buf[0] = '0';
+          }
+        }
+      }  // precision <= 0
+      else {
+        exp += digits_in_the_first_segment - precision;
+
+        // When precision > 0, we divide the first segment into three
+        // subsegments, each with 9, 9, and 0 ~ 1 digits so that each fits
+        // in 32-bits which usually allows faster calculation than in
+        // 64-bits. Since some compiler (e.g. MSVC) doesn't know how to optimize
+        // division-by-constant for large 64-bit divisors, we do it here
+        // manually. The magic number 7922816251426433760 below is equal to
+        // ceil(2^(64+32) / 10^10).
+        const uint32_t first_subsegment = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+            dragonbox::umul128_upper64(first_segment, 7922816251426433760ULL) >>
+            32);
+        const uint64_t second_third_subsegments =
+            first_segment - first_subsegment * 10000000000ULL;
+
+        uint64_t prod;
+        uint32_t digits;
+        bool should_round_up;
+        int number_of_digits_to_print = precision > 9 ? 9 : precision;
+
+        // Print a 9-digits subsegment, either the first or the second.
+        auto print_subsegment = [&](uint32_t subsegment, char* buffer) {
+          int number_of_digits_printed = 0;
+
+          // If we want to print an odd number of digits from the subsegment,
+          if ((number_of_digits_to_print & 1) != 0) {
+            // Convert to 64-bit fixed-point fractional form with 1-digit
+            // integer part. The magic number 720575941 is a good enough
+            // approximation of 2^(32 + 24) / 10^8; see
+            // https://jk-jeon.github.io/posts/2022/12/fixed-precision-formatting/#fixed-length-case
+            // for details.
+            prod = ((subsegment * static_cast<uint64_t>(720575941)) >> 24) + 1;
+            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
+            *buffer = static_cast<char>('0' + digits);
+            number_of_digits_printed++;
+          }
+          // If we want to print an even number of digits from the
+          // first_subsegment,
+          else {
+            // Convert to 64-bit fixed-point fractional form with 2-digits
+            // integer part. The magic number 450359963 is a good enough
+            // approximation of 2^(32 + 20) / 10^7; see
+            // https://jk-jeon.github.io/posts/2022/12/fixed-precision-formatting/#fixed-length-case
+            // for details.
+            prod = ((subsegment * static_cast<uint64_t>(450359963)) >> 20) + 1;
+            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
+            copy2(buffer, digits2(digits));
+            number_of_digits_printed += 2;
+          }
+
+          // Print all digit pairs.
+          while (number_of_digits_printed < number_of_digits_to_print) {
+            prod = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod) * static_cast<uint64_t>(100);
+            digits = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod >> 32);
+            copy2(buffer + number_of_digits_printed, digits2(digits));
+            number_of_digits_printed += 2;
+          }
+        };
+
+        // Print first subsegment.
+        print_subsegment(first_subsegment, buf.data());
+
+        // Perform rounding if the first subsegment is the last subsegment to
+        // print.
+        if (precision <= 9) {
+          // Rounding inside the subsegment.
+          // We round-up if:
+          //  - either the fractional part is strictly larger than 1/2, or
+          //  - the fractional part is exactly 1/2 and the last digit is odd.
+          // We rely on the following observations:
+          //  - If fractional_part >= threshold, then the fractional part is
+          //    strictly larger than 1/2.
+          //  - If the MSB of fractional_part is set, then the fractional part
+          //    must be at least 1/2.
+          //  - When the MSB of fractional_part is set, either
+          //    second_third_subsegments being nonzero or has_more_segments
+          //    being true means there are further digits not printed, so the
+          //    fractional part is strictly larger than 1/2.
+          if (precision < 9) {
+            uint32_t fractional_part = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod);
+            should_round_up =
+                fractional_part >= fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(
+                                       8 - number_of_digits_to_print) ||
+                ((fractional_part >> 31) &
+                 ((digits & 1) | (second_third_subsegments != 0) |
+                  has_more_segments)) != 0;
+          }
+          // Rounding at the subsegment boundary.
+          // In this case, the fractional part is at least 1/2 if and only if
+          // second_third_subsegments >= 5000000000ULL, and is strictly larger
+          // than 1/2 if we further have either second_third_subsegments >
+          // 5000000000ULL or has_more_segments == true.
+          else {
+            should_round_up = second_third_subsegments > 5000000000ULL ||
+                              (second_third_subsegments == 5000000000ULL &&
+                               ((digits & 1) != 0 || has_more_segments));
+          }
+        }
+        // Otherwise, print the second subsegment.
+        else {
+          // Compilers are not aware of how to leverage the maximum value of
+          // second_third_subsegments to find out a better magic number which
+          // allows us to eliminate an additional shift. 1844674407370955162 =
+          // ceil(2^64/10) < ceil(2^64*(10^9/(10^10 - 1))).
+          const uint32_t second_subsegment =
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(dragonbox::umul128_upper64(
+                  second_third_subsegments, 1844674407370955162ULL));
+          const uint32_t third_subsegment =
+              static_cast<uint32_t>(second_third_subsegments) -
+              second_subsegment * 10;
+
+          number_of_digits_to_print = precision - 9;
+          print_subsegment(second_subsegment, buf.data() + 9);
+
+          // Rounding inside the subsegment.
+          if (precision < 18) {
+            // The condition third_subsegment != 0 implies that the segment was
+            // of 19 digits, so in this case the third segment should be
+            // consisting of a genuine digit from the input.
+            uint32_t fractional_part = static_cast<uint32_t>(prod);
+            should_round_up =
+                fractional_part >= fractional_part_rounding_thresholds(
+                                       8 - number_of_digits_to_print) ||
+                ((fractional_part >> 31) &
+                 ((digits & 1) | (third_subsegment != 0) |
+                  has_more_segments)) != 0;
+          }
+          // Rounding at the subsegment boundary.
+          else {
+            // In this case, the segment must be of 19 digits, thus
+            // the third subsegment should be consisting of a genuine digit from
+            // the input.
+            should_round_up = third_subsegment > 5 ||
+                              (third_subsegment == 5 &&
+                               ((digits & 1) != 0 || has_more_segments));
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Round-up if necessary.
+        if (should_round_up) {
+          ++buf[precision - 1];
+          for (int i = precision - 1; i > 0 && buf[i] > '9'; --i) {
+            buf[i] = '0';
+            ++buf[i - 1];
+          }
+          if (buf[0] > '9') {
+            buf[0] = '1';
+            if (fixed)
+              buf[precision++] = '0';
+            else
+              ++exp;
+          }
+        }
+        buf.try_resize(to_unsigned(precision));
+      }
+    }  // if (digits_in_the_first_segment > precision)
+    else {
+      // Adjust the exponent for its use in Dragon4.
+      exp += digits_in_the_first_segment - 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (use_dragon) {
+    auto f = basic_fp<uint128_t>();
+    bool is_predecessor_closer = specs.binary32
+                                     ? f.assign(static_cast<float>(value))
+                                     : f.assign(converted_value);
+    if (is_predecessor_closer) dragon_flags |= dragon::predecessor_closer;
+    if (fixed) dragon_flags |= dragon::fixed;
+    // Limit precision to the maximum possible number of significant digits in
+    // an IEEE754 double because we don't need to generate zeros.
+    const int max_double_digits = 767;
+    if (precision > max_double_digits) precision = max_double_digits;
+    format_dragon(f, dragon_flags, precision, buf, exp);
+  }
+  if (!fixed && !specs.showpoint) {
+    // Remove trailing zeros.
+    auto num_digits = buf.size();
+    while (num_digits > 0 && buf[num_digits - 1] == '0') {
+      --num_digits;
+      ++exp;
+    }
+    buf.try_resize(num_digits);
+  }
+  return exp;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write_float(OutputIt out, T value, format_specs specs,
+                                 locale_ref loc) -> OutputIt {
+  sign_t sign = specs.sign;
+  if (detail::signbit(value)) {  // value < 0 is false for NaN so use signbit.
+    sign = sign::minus;
+    value = -value;
+  } else if (sign == sign::minus) {
+    sign = sign::none;
+  }
+
+  if (!detail::isfinite(value))
+    return write_nonfinite<Char>(out, detail::isnan(value), specs, sign);
+
+  if (specs.align == align::numeric && sign) {
+    auto it = reserve(out, 1);
+    *it++ = detail::sign<Char>(sign);
+    out = base_iterator(out, it);
+    sign = sign::none;
+    if (specs.width != 0) --specs.width;
+  }
+
+  memory_buffer buffer;
+  if (specs.type == presentation_type::hexfloat) {
+    if (sign) buffer.push_back(detail::sign<char>(sign));
+    format_hexfloat(convert_float(value), specs, buffer);
+    return write_bytes<Char, align::right>(out, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()},
+                                           specs);
+  }
+
+  int precision = specs.precision >= 0 || specs.type == presentation_type::none
+                      ? specs.precision
+                      : 6;
+  if (specs.type == presentation_type::exp) {
+    if (precision == max_value<int>())
+      report_error("number is too big");
+    else
+      ++precision;
+  } else if (specs.type != presentation_type::fixed && precision == 0) {
+    precision = 1;
+  }
+  float_specs fspecs = parse_float_type_spec(specs);
+  fspecs.sign = sign;
+  if (const_check(std::is_same<T, float>())) fspecs.binary32 = true;
+  int exp = format_float(convert_float(value), precision, fspecs, buffer);
+  fspecs.precision = precision;
+  auto f = big_decimal_fp{buffer.data(), static_cast<int>(buffer.size()), exp};
+  return write_float<Char>(out, f, specs, fspecs, loc);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write(OutputIt out, T value, format_specs specs,
+                           locale_ref loc = {}) -> OutputIt {
+  if (const_check(!is_supported_floating_point(value))) return out;
+  return specs.localized && write_loc(out, value, specs, loc)
+             ? out
+             : write_float<Char>(out, value, specs, loc);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_fast_float<T>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
+  if (is_constant_evaluated()) return write<Char>(out, value, format_specs());
+  if (const_check(!is_supported_floating_point(value))) return out;
+
+  auto sign = sign_t::none;
+  if (detail::signbit(value)) {
+    sign = sign::minus;
+    value = -value;
+  }
+
+  constexpr auto specs = format_specs();
+  using floaty = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, long double>::value, double, T>;
+  using floaty_uint = typename dragonbox::float_info<floaty>::carrier_uint;
+  floaty_uint mask = exponent_mask<floaty>();
+  if ((bit_cast<floaty_uint>(value) & mask) == mask)
+    return write_nonfinite<Char>(out, std::isnan(value), specs, sign);
+
+  auto fspecs = float_specs();
+  fspecs.sign = sign;
+  auto dec = dragonbox::to_decimal(static_cast<floaty>(value));
+  return write_float<Char>(out, dec, specs, fspecs, {});
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_floating_point<T>::value &&
+                        !is_fast_float<T>::value)>
+inline auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
+  return write<Char>(out, value, format_specs());
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto write(OutputIt out, monostate, format_specs = {}, locale_ref = {})
+    -> OutputIt {
+  FMT_ASSERT(false, "");
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, basic_string_view<Char> value)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  return copy_noinline<Char>(value.begin(), value.end(), out);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(has_to_string_view<T>::value)>
+constexpr auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value) -> OutputIt {
+  return write<Char>(out, to_string_view(value));
+}
+
+// FMT_ENABLE_IF() condition separated to workaround an MSVC bug.
+template <
+    typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+    bool check =
+        std::is_enum<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, Char>::value &&
+        mapped_type_constant<T, basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>::value !=
+            type::custom_type,
+    FMT_ENABLE_IF(check)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value) -> OutputIt {
+  return write<Char>(out, static_cast<underlying_t<T>>(value));
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, bool>::value)>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, T value, const format_specs& specs = {},
+                         locale_ref = {}) -> OutputIt {
+  return specs.type != presentation_type::none &&
+                 specs.type != presentation_type::string
+             ? write<Char>(out, value ? 1 : 0, specs, {})
+             : write_bytes<Char>(out, value ? "true" : "false", specs);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, Char value) -> OutputIt {
+  auto it = reserve(out, 1);
+  *it++ = value;
+  return base_iterator(out, it);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto write(OutputIt out, const Char* value) -> OutputIt {
+  if (value) return write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(value));
+  report_error("string pointer is null");
+  return out;
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<T, void>::value)>
+auto write(OutputIt out, const T* value, const format_specs& specs = {},
+           locale_ref = {}) -> OutputIt {
+  return write_ptr<Char>(out, bit_cast<uintptr_t>(value), &specs);
+}
+
+// A write overload that handles implicit conversions.
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          typename Context = basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value) -> enable_if_t<
+    std::is_class<T>::value && !has_to_string_view<T>::value &&
+        !is_floating_point<T>::value && !std::is_same<T, Char>::value &&
+        !std::is_same<T, remove_cvref_t<decltype(arg_mapper<Context>().map(
+                             value))>>::value,
+    OutputIt> {
+  return write<Char>(out, arg_mapper<Context>().map(value));
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T,
+          typename Context = basic_format_context<OutputIt, Char>>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto write(OutputIt out, const T& value)
+    -> enable_if_t<mapped_type_constant<T, Context>::value ==
+                           type::custom_type &&
+                       !std::is_fundamental<T>::value,
+                   OutputIt> {
+  auto formatter = typename Context::template formatter_type<T>();
+  auto parse_ctx = typename Context::parse_context_type({});
+  formatter.parse(parse_ctx);
+  auto ctx = Context(out, {}, {});
+  return formatter.format(value, ctx);
+}
+
+// An argument visitor that formats the argument and writes it via the output
+// iterator. It's a class and not a generic lambda for compatibility with C++11.
+template <typename Char> struct default_arg_formatter {
+  using iterator = basic_appender<Char>;
+  using context = buffered_context<Char>;
+
+  iterator out;
+  basic_format_args<context> args;
+  locale_ref loc;
+
+  template <typename T> auto operator()(T value) -> iterator {
+    return write<Char>(out, value);
+  }
+  auto operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context>::handle h) -> iterator {
+    basic_format_parse_context<Char> parse_ctx({});
+    context format_ctx(out, args, loc);
+    h.format(parse_ctx, format_ctx);
+    return format_ctx.out();
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char> struct arg_formatter {
+  using iterator = basic_appender<Char>;
+  using context = buffered_context<Char>;
+
+  iterator out;
+  const format_specs& specs;
+  locale_ref locale;
+
+  template <typename T>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto operator()(T value) -> iterator {
+    return detail::write<Char>(out, value, specs, locale);
+  }
+  auto operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context>::handle) -> iterator {
+    // User-defined types are handled separately because they require access
+    // to the parse context.
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+struct width_checker {
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned long long {
+    if (is_negative(value)) report_error("negative width");
+    return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T) -> unsigned long long {
+    report_error("width is not integer");
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+struct precision_checker {
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(is_integer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned long long {
+    if (is_negative(value)) report_error("negative precision");
+    return static_cast<unsigned long long>(value);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!is_integer<T>::value)>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(T) -> unsigned long long {
+    report_error("precision is not integer");
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Handler, typename FormatArg>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_dynamic_spec(FormatArg arg) -> int {
+  unsigned long long value = arg.visit(Handler());
+  if (value > to_unsigned(max_value<int>())) report_error("number is too big");
+  return static_cast<int>(value);
+}
+
+template <typename Context, typename ID>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto get_arg(Context& ctx, ID id) -> decltype(ctx.arg(id)) {
+  auto arg = ctx.arg(id);
+  if (!arg) report_error("argument not found");
+  return arg;
+}
+
+template <typename Handler, typename Context>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void handle_dynamic_spec(int& value,
+                                       arg_ref<typename Context::char_type> ref,
+                                       Context& ctx) {
+  switch (ref.kind) {
+  case arg_id_kind::none:
+    break;
+  case arg_id_kind::index:
+    value = detail::get_dynamic_spec<Handler>(get_arg(ctx, ref.val.index));
+    break;
+  case arg_id_kind::name:
+    value = detail::get_dynamic_spec<Handler>(get_arg(ctx, ref.val.name));
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+#  if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
+          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
+struct statically_named_arg : view {
+  static constexpr auto name = Str.data;
+
+  const T& value;
+  statically_named_arg(const T& v) : value(v) {}
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
+          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
+struct is_named_arg<statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char, size_t N,
+          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
+struct is_statically_named_arg<statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename Char, size_t N,
+          fmt::detail_exported::fixed_string<Char, N> Str>
+struct udl_arg {
+  template <typename T> auto operator=(T&& value) const {
+    return statically_named_arg<T, Char, N, Str>(std::forward<T>(value));
+  }
+};
+#  else
+template <typename Char> struct udl_arg {
+  const Char* str;
+
+  template <typename T> auto operator=(T&& value) const -> named_arg<Char, T> {
+    return {str, std::forward<T>(value)};
+  }
+};
+#  endif
+#endif  // FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+
+template <typename Locale, typename Char>
+auto vformat(const Locale& loc, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+             typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
+  return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
+}
+
+using format_func = void (*)(detail::buffer<char>&, int, const char*);
+
+FMT_API void format_error_code(buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                               string_view message) noexcept;
+
+using fmt::report_error;
+FMT_API void report_error(format_func func, int error_code,
+                          const char* message) noexcept;
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+FMT_API auto vsystem_error(int error_code, string_view format_str,
+                           format_args args) -> std::system_error;
+
+/**
+ * Constructs `std::system_error` with a message formatted with
+ * `fmt::format(fmt, args...)`.
+ * `error_code` is a system error code as given by `errno`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     // This throws std::system_error with the description
+ *     //   cannot open file 'madeup': No such file or directory
+ *     // or similar (system message may vary).
+ *     const char* filename = "madeup";
+ *     std::FILE* file = std::fopen(filename, "r");
+ *     if (!file)
+ *       throw fmt::system_error(errno, "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+auto system_error(int error_code, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> std::system_error {
+  return vsystem_error(error_code, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats an error message for an error returned by an operating system or a
+ * language runtime, for example a file opening error, and writes it to `out`.
+ * The format is the same as the one used by `std::system_error(ec, message)`
+ * where `ec` is `std::error_code(error_code, std::generic_category())`.
+ * It is implementation-defined but normally looks like:
+ *
+ *     <message>: <system-message>
+ *
+ * where `<message>` is the passed message and `<system-message>` is the system
+ * message corresponding to the error code.
+ * `error_code` is a system error code as given by `errno`.
+ */
+FMT_API void format_system_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                                 const char* message) noexcept;
+
+// Reports a system error without throwing an exception.
+// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
+FMT_API void report_system_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept;
+
+/// A fast integer formatter.
+class format_int {
+ private:
+  // Buffer should be large enough to hold all digits (digits10 + 1),
+  // a sign and a null character.
+  enum { buffer_size = std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::digits10 + 3 };
+  mutable char buffer_[buffer_size];
+  char* str_;
+
+  template <typename UInt>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_unsigned(UInt value) -> char* {
+    auto n = static_cast<detail::uint32_or_64_or_128_t<UInt>>(value);
+    return detail::format_decimal(buffer_, n, buffer_size - 1).begin;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Int>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto format_signed(Int value) -> char* {
+    auto abs_value = static_cast<detail::uint32_or_64_or_128_t<Int>>(value);
+    bool negative = value < 0;
+    if (negative) abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
+    auto begin = format_unsigned(abs_value);
+    if (negative) *--begin = '-';
+    return begin;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(int value) : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(long value)
+      : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(long long value)
+      : str_(format_signed(value)) {}
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(unsigned value)
+      : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(unsigned long value)
+      : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
+  explicit FMT_CONSTEXPR20 format_int(unsigned long long value)
+      : str_(format_unsigned(value)) {}
+
+  /// Returns the number of characters written to the output buffer.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto size() const -> size_t {
+    return detail::to_unsigned(buffer_ - str_ + buffer_size - 1);
+  }
+
+  /// Returns a pointer to the output buffer content. No terminating null
+  /// character is appended.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto data() const -> const char* { return str_; }
+
+  /// Returns a pointer to the output buffer content with terminating null
+  /// character appended.
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR20 auto c_str() const -> const char* {
+    buffer_[buffer_size - 1] = '\0';
+    return str_;
+  }
+
+  /// Returns the content of the output buffer as an `std::string`.
+  auto str() const -> std::string { return std::string(str_, size()); }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<T, Char, enable_if_t<detail::has_format_as<T>::value>>
+    : formatter<detail::format_as_t<T>, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const T& value, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto&& val = format_as(value);  // Make an lvalue reference for format.
+    return formatter<detail::format_as_t<T>, Char>::format(val, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+#define FMT_FORMAT_AS(Type, Base)                                              \
+  template <typename Char>                                                     \
+  struct formatter<Type, Char> : formatter<Base, Char> {                       \
+    template <typename FormatContext>                                          \
+    auto format(Type value, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) { \
+      return formatter<Base, Char>::format(value, ctx);                        \
+    }                                                                          \
+  }
+
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(signed char, int);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned char, unsigned);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(short, int);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned short, unsigned);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(long, detail::long_type);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(unsigned long, detail::ulong_type);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(Char*, const Char*);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(std::nullptr_t, const void*);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(detail::std_string_view<Char>, basic_string_view<Char>);
+FMT_FORMAT_AS(void*, const void*);
+
+template <typename Char, typename Traits, typename Allocator>
+class formatter<std::basic_string<Char, Traits, Allocator>, Char>
+    : public formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {};
+
+template <typename Char, size_t N>
+struct formatter<Char[N], Char> : formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {};
+
+/**
+ * Converts `p` to `const void*` for pointer formatting.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto s = fmt::format("{}", fmt::ptr(p));
+ */
+template <typename T> auto ptr(T p) -> const void* {
+  static_assert(std::is_pointer<T>::value, "");
+  return detail::bit_cast<const void*>(p);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts `e` to the underlying type.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     enum class color { red, green, blue };
+ *     auto s = fmt::format("{}", fmt::underlying(color::red));
+ */
+template <typename Enum>
+constexpr auto underlying(Enum e) noexcept -> underlying_t<Enum> {
+  return static_cast<underlying_t<Enum>>(e);
+}
+
+namespace enums {
+template <typename Enum, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_enum<Enum>::value)>
+constexpr auto format_as(Enum e) noexcept -> underlying_t<Enum> {
+  return static_cast<underlying_t<Enum>>(e);
+}
+}  // namespace enums
+
+class bytes {
+ private:
+  string_view data_;
+  friend struct formatter<bytes>;
+
+ public:
+  explicit bytes(string_view data) : data_(data) {}
+};
+
+template <> struct formatter<bytes> {
+ private:
+  detail::dynamic_format_specs<> specs_;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const char* {
+    return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
+                              detail::type::string_type);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(bytes b, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width,
+                                                       specs.width_ref, ctx);
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
+        specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, ctx);
+    return detail::write_bytes<char>(ctx.out(), b.data_, specs);
+  }
+};
+
+// group_digits_view is not derived from view because it copies the argument.
+template <typename T> struct group_digits_view {
+  T value;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns a view that formats an integer value using ',' as a
+ * locale-independent thousands separator.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("{}", fmt::group_digits(12345));
+ *     // Output: "12,345"
+ */
+template <typename T> auto group_digits(T value) -> group_digits_view<T> {
+  return {value};
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct formatter<group_digits_view<T>> : formatter<T> {
+ private:
+  detail::dynamic_format_specs<> specs_;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const char* {
+    return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
+                              detail::type::int_type);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(group_digits_view<T> t, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width,
+                                                       specs.width_ref, ctx);
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
+        specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, ctx);
+    auto arg = detail::make_write_int_arg(t.value, specs.sign);
+    return detail::write_int(
+        ctx.out(), static_cast<detail::uint64_or_128_t<T>>(arg.abs_value),
+        arg.prefix, specs, detail::digit_grouping<char>("\3", ","));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char> struct nested_view {
+  const formatter<T, Char>* fmt;
+  const T* value;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<nested_view<T, Char>, Char> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(nested_view<T, Char> view, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return view.fmt->format(*view.value, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char = char> struct nested_formatter {
+ private:
+  int width_;
+  detail::fill_t fill_;
+  align_t align_ : 4;
+  formatter<T, Char> formatter_;
+
+ public:
+  constexpr nested_formatter() : width_(0), align_(align_t::none) {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto specs = detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char>();
+    auto it = parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs, ctx,
+                                 detail::type::none_type);
+    width_ = specs.width;
+    fill_ = specs.fill;
+    align_ = specs.align;
+    ctx.advance_to(it);
+    return formatter_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext, typename F>
+  auto write_padded(FormatContext& ctx, F write) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    if (width_ == 0) return write(ctx.out());
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    write(basic_appender<Char>(buf));
+    auto specs = format_specs();
+    specs.width = width_;
+    specs.fill = fill_;
+    specs.align = align_;
+    return detail::write<Char>(
+        ctx.out(), basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
+  }
+
+  auto nested(const T& value) const -> nested_view<T, Char> {
+    return nested_view<T, Char>{&formatter_, &value};
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Converts `value` to `std::string` using the default format for type `T`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     std::string answer = fmt::to_string(42);
+ */
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                    !detail::has_format_as<T>::value)>
+inline auto to_string(const T& value) -> std::string {
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::write<char>(appender(buffer), value);
+  return {buffer.data(), buffer.size()};
+}
+
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+FMT_NODISCARD inline auto to_string(T value) -> std::string {
+  // The buffer should be large enough to store the number including the sign
+  // or "false" for bool.
+  constexpr int max_size = detail::digits10<T>() + 2;
+  char buffer[max_size > 5 ? static_cast<unsigned>(max_size) : 5];
+  char* begin = buffer;
+  return std::string(begin, detail::write<char>(begin, value));
+}
+
+template <typename Char, size_t SIZE>
+FMT_NODISCARD auto to_string(const basic_memory_buffer<Char, SIZE>& buf)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  auto size = buf.size();
+  detail::assume(size < std::basic_string<Char>().max_size());
+  return std::basic_string<Char>(buf.data(), size);
+}
+
+template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value &&
+                                    detail::has_format_as<T>::value)>
+inline auto to_string(const T& value) -> std::string {
+  return to_string(format_as(value));
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char>
+void vformat_to(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+                typename vformat_args<Char>::type args, locale_ref loc) {
+  auto out = basic_appender<Char>(buf);
+  if (fmt.size() == 2 && equal2(fmt.data(), "{}")) {
+    auto arg = args.get(0);
+    if (!arg) report_error("argument not found");
+    arg.visit(default_arg_formatter<Char>{out, args, loc});
+    return;
+  }
+
+  struct format_handler {
+    basic_format_parse_context<Char> parse_context;
+    buffered_context<Char> context;
+
+    format_handler(basic_appender<Char> p_out, basic_string_view<Char> str,
+                   basic_format_args<buffered_context<Char>> p_args,
+                   locale_ref p_loc)
+        : parse_context(str), context(p_out, p_args, p_loc) {}
+
+    void on_text(const Char* begin, const Char* end) {
+      auto text = basic_string_view<Char>(begin, to_unsigned(end - begin));
+      context.advance_to(write<Char>(context.out(), text));
+    }
+
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id() -> int {
+      return parse_context.next_arg_id();
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(int id) -> int {
+      parse_context.check_arg_id(id);
+      return id;
+    }
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto on_arg_id(basic_string_view<Char> id) -> int {
+      parse_context.check_arg_id(id);
+      int arg_id = context.arg_id(id);
+      if (arg_id < 0) report_error("argument not found");
+      return arg_id;
+    }
+
+    FMT_INLINE void on_replacement_field(int id, const Char*) {
+      auto arg = get_arg(context, id);
+      context.advance_to(arg.visit(default_arg_formatter<Char>{
+          context.out(), context.args(), context.locale()}));
+    }
+
+    auto on_format_specs(int id, const Char* begin, const Char* end)
+        -> const Char* {
+      auto arg = get_arg(context, id);
+      // Not using a visitor for custom types gives better codegen.
+      if (arg.format_custom(begin, parse_context, context))
+        return parse_context.begin();
+      auto specs = detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char>();
+      begin = parse_format_specs(begin, end, specs, parse_context, arg.type());
+      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(
+          specs.width, specs.width_ref, context);
+      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
+          specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, context);
+      if (begin == end || *begin != '}')
+        report_error("missing '}' in format string");
+      context.advance_to(arg.visit(
+          arg_formatter<Char>{context.out(), specs, context.locale()}));
+      return begin;
+    }
+
+    FMT_NORETURN void on_error(const char* message) { report_error(message); }
+  };
+  detail::parse_format_string<false>(fmt, format_handler(out, fmt, args, loc));
+}
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+extern template FMT_API void vformat_to(buffer<char>&, string_view,
+                                        typename vformat_args<>::type,
+                                        locale_ref);
+extern template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl<char>(locale_ref)
+    -> thousands_sep_result<char>;
+extern template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl<wchar_t>(locale_ref)
+    -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t>;
+extern template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> char;
+extern template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> wchar_t;
+#endif  // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+
+template <typename T, typename Char, type TYPE>
+template <typename FormatContext>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR FMT_INLINE auto native_formatter<T, Char, TYPE>::format(
+    const T& val, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+  if (specs_.width_ref.kind == arg_id_kind::none &&
+      specs_.precision_ref.kind == arg_id_kind::none) {
+    return write<Char>(ctx.out(), val, specs_, ctx.locale());
+  }
+  auto specs = specs_;
+  handle_dynamic_spec<width_checker>(specs.width, specs.width_ref, ctx);
+  handle_dynamic_spec<precision_checker>(specs.precision, specs.precision_ref,
+                                         ctx);
+  return write<Char>(ctx.out(), val, specs, ctx.locale());
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<detail::float128, Char>
+    : detail::native_formatter<detail::float128, Char,
+                               detail::type::float_type> {};
+
+#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+inline namespace literals {
+/**
+ * User-defined literal equivalent of `fmt::arg`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     using namespace fmt::literals;
+ *     fmt::print("The answer is {answer}.", "answer"_a=42);
+ */
+#  if FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+template <detail_exported::fixed_string Str> constexpr auto operator""_a() {
+  using char_t = remove_cvref_t<decltype(Str.data[0])>;
+  return detail::udl_arg<char_t, sizeof(Str.data) / sizeof(char_t), Str>();
+}
+#  else
+constexpr auto operator""_a(const char* s, size_t) -> detail::udl_arg<char> {
+  return {s};
+}
+#  endif
+}  // namespace literals
+#endif  // FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+
+FMT_API auto vformat(string_view fmt, format_args args) -> std::string;
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and returns the result
+ * as a string.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     #include <fmt/format.h>
+ *     std::string message = fmt::format("The answer is {}.", 42);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto format(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> std::string {
+  return vformat(fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
+inline auto vformat(const Locale& loc, string_view fmt, format_args args)
+    -> std::string {
+  return detail::vformat(loc, fmt, args);
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
+inline auto format(const Locale& loc, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> std::string {
+  return fmt::vformat(loc, string_view(fmt), fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Locale,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
+auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc, string_view fmt,
+                format_args args) -> OutputIt {
+  using detail::get_buffer;
+  auto&& buf = get_buffer<char>(out);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args, detail::locale_ref(loc));
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Locale, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
+FMT_INLINE auto format_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc,
+                          format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
+  return vformat_to(out, loc, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, typename... T,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value)>
+FMT_NODISCARD FMT_INLINE auto formatted_size(const Locale& loc,
+                                             format_string<T...> fmt,
+                                             T&&... args) -> size_t {
+  auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<>();
+  detail::vformat_to<char>(buf, fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...),
+                           detail::locale_ref(loc));
+  return buf.count();
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
+#  define FMT_FUNC inline
+#  include "format-inl.h"
+#else
+#  define FMT_FUNC
+#endif
+
+// Restore _LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES.
+#ifdef FMT_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
+#  undef _LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES
+#endif
+
+#endif  // FMT_FORMAT_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/os.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/os.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c85ea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/os.h
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - optional OS-specific functionality
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_OS_H_
+#define FMT_OS_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <cerrno>
+#  include <cstddef>
+#  include <cstdio>
+#  include <system_error>  // std::system_error
+
+#  if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<xlocale.h>)
+#    include <xlocale.h>  // LC_NUMERIC_MASK on macOS
+#  endif
+#endif  // FMT_MODULE
+
+#ifndef FMT_USE_FCNTL
+// UWP doesn't provide _pipe.
+#  if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("winapifamily.h")
+#    include <winapifamily.h>
+#  endif
+#  if (FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
+       defined(__linux__)) &&                              \
+      (!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) ||                          \
+       (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
+#    include <fcntl.h>  // for O_RDONLY
+#    define FMT_USE_FCNTL 1
+#  else
+#    define FMT_USE_FCNTL 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_POSIX
+#  if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+#    define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
+#  else
+#    define FMT_POSIX(call) call
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
+#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
+#  define FMT_HAS_SYSTEM
+#  define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
+#else
+#  define FMT_SYSTEM(call) ::call
+#  ifdef _WIN32
+// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
+#    define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
+#  else
+#    define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
+// equals to EINTR.
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#  define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) \
+    do {                                                  \
+      (result) = (expression);                            \
+    } while ((result) == (error_result) && errno == EINTR)
+#else
+#  define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+/**
+ * A reference to a null-terminated string. It can be constructed from a C
+ * string or `std::string`.
+ *
+ * You can use one of the following type aliases for common character types:
+ *
+ * +---------------+-----------------------------+
+ * | Type          | Definition                  |
+ * +===============+=============================+
+ * | cstring_view  | basic_cstring_view<char>    |
+ * +---------------+-----------------------------+
+ * | wcstring_view | basic_cstring_view<wchar_t> |
+ * +---------------+-----------------------------+
+ *
+ * This class is most useful as a parameter type for functions that wrap C APIs.
+ */
+template <typename Char> class basic_cstring_view {
+ private:
+  const Char* data_;
+
+ public:
+  /// Constructs a string reference object from a C string.
+  basic_cstring_view(const Char* s) : data_(s) {}
+
+  /// Constructs a string reference from an `std::string` object.
+  basic_cstring_view(const std::basic_string<Char>& s) : data_(s.c_str()) {}
+
+  /// Returns the pointer to a C string.
+  auto c_str() const -> const Char* { return data_; }
+};
+
+using cstring_view = basic_cstring_view<char>;
+using wcstring_view = basic_cstring_view<wchar_t>;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+FMT_API const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept;
+
+namespace detail {
+FMT_API void format_windows_error(buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                                  const char* message) noexcept;
+}
+
+FMT_API std::system_error vwindows_error(int error_code, string_view format_str,
+                                         format_args args);
+
+/**
+ * Constructs a `std::system_error` object with the description of the form
+ *
+ *     <message>: <system-message>
+ *
+ * where `<message>` is the formatted message and `<system-message>` is the
+ * system message corresponding to the error code.
+ * `error_code` is a Windows error code as given by `GetLastError`.
+ * If `error_code` is not a valid error code such as -1, the system message
+ * will look like "error -1".
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     // This throws a system_error with the description
+ *     //   cannot open file 'madeup': The system cannot find the file
+ * specified.
+ *     // or similar (system message may vary).
+ *     const char *filename = "madeup";
+ *     LPOFSTRUCT of = LPOFSTRUCT();
+ *     HFILE file = OpenFile(filename, &of, OF_READ);
+ *     if (file == HFILE_ERROR) {
+ *       throw fmt::windows_error(GetLastError(),
+ *                                "cannot open file '{}'", filename);
+ *     }
+ */
+template <typename... Args>
+std::system_error windows_error(int error_code, string_view message,
+                                const Args&... args) {
+  return vwindows_error(error_code, message, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+// Reports a Windows error without throwing an exception.
+// Can be used to report errors from destructors.
+FMT_API void report_windows_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept;
+#else
+inline auto system_category() noexcept -> const std::error_category& {
+  return std::system_category();
+}
+#endif  // _WIN32
+
+// std::system is not available on some platforms such as iOS (#2248).
+#ifdef __OSX__
+template <typename S, typename... Args, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+void say(const S& format_str, Args&&... args) {
+  std::system(format("say \"{}\"", format(format_str, args...)).c_str());
+}
+#endif
+
+// A buffered file.
+class buffered_file {
+ private:
+  FILE* file_;
+
+  friend class file;
+
+  explicit buffered_file(FILE* f) : file_(f) {}
+
+ public:
+  buffered_file(const buffered_file&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const buffered_file&) = delete;
+
+  // Constructs a buffered_file object which doesn't represent any file.
+  buffered_file() noexcept : file_(nullptr) {}
+
+  // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+  FMT_API ~buffered_file() noexcept;
+
+ public:
+  buffered_file(buffered_file&& other) noexcept : file_(other.file_) {
+    other.file_ = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  auto operator=(buffered_file&& other) -> buffered_file& {
+    close();
+    file_ = other.file_;
+    other.file_ = nullptr;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Opens a file.
+  FMT_API buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode);
+
+  // Closes the file.
+  FMT_API void close();
+
+  // Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
+  auto get() const noexcept -> FILE* { return file_; }
+
+  FMT_API auto descriptor() const -> int;
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  inline void print(string_view fmt, const T&... args) {
+    const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
+    detail::is_locking<T...>() ? fmt::vprint_buffered(file_, fmt, vargs)
+                               : fmt::vprint(file_, fmt, vargs);
+  }
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_FCNTL
+
+// A file. Closed file is represented by a file object with descriptor -1.
+// Methods that are not declared with noexcept may throw
+// fmt::system_error in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
+// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
+// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
+// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
+class FMT_API file {
+ private:
+  int fd_;  // File descriptor.
+
+  // Constructs a file object with a given descriptor.
+  explicit file(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}
+
+  friend struct pipe;
+
+ public:
+  // Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
+  enum {
+    RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY),  // Open for reading only.
+    WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY),  // Open for writing only.
+    RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR),      // Open for reading and writing.
+    CREATE = FMT_POSIX(O_CREAT),   // Create if the file doesn't exist.
+    APPEND = FMT_POSIX(O_APPEND),  // Open in append mode.
+    TRUNC = FMT_POSIX(O_TRUNC)     // Truncate the content of the file.
+  };
+
+  // Constructs a file object which doesn't represent any file.
+  file() noexcept : fd_(-1) {}
+
+  // Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file.
+  file(cstring_view path, int oflag);
+
+ public:
+  file(const file&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const file&) = delete;
+
+  file(file&& other) noexcept : fd_(other.fd_) { other.fd_ = -1; }
+
+  // Move assignment is not noexcept because close may throw.
+  auto operator=(file&& other) -> file& {
+    close();
+    fd_ = other.fd_;
+    other.fd_ = -1;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
+  ~file() noexcept;
+
+  // Returns the file descriptor.
+  auto descriptor() const noexcept -> int { return fd_; }
+
+  // Closes the file.
+  void close();
+
+  // Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
+  // stat::st_size.
+  auto size() const -> long long;
+
+  // Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
+  auto read(void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t;
+
+  // Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
+  auto write(const void* buffer, size_t count) -> size_t;
+
+  // Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
+  // the duplicate as a file object.
+  static auto dup(int fd) -> file;
+
+  // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+  // necessary.
+  void dup2(int fd);
+
+  // Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
+  // necessary.
+  void dup2(int fd, std::error_code& ec) noexcept;
+
+  // Creates a buffered_file object associated with this file and detaches
+  // this file object from the file.
+  auto fdopen(const char* mode) -> buffered_file;
+
+#  if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+  // Opens a file and constructs a file object representing this file by
+  // wcstring_view filename. Windows only.
+  static file open_windows_file(wcstring_view path, int oflag);
+#  endif
+};
+
+struct FMT_API pipe {
+  file read_end;
+  file write_end;
+
+  // Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
+  // and writing respectively.
+  pipe();
+};
+
+// Returns the memory page size.
+auto getpagesize() -> long;
+
+namespace detail {
+
+struct buffer_size {
+  buffer_size() = default;
+  size_t value = 0;
+  auto operator=(size_t val) const -> buffer_size {
+    auto bs = buffer_size();
+    bs.value = val;
+    return bs;
+  }
+};
+
+struct ostream_params {
+  int oflag = file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC;
+  size_t buffer_size = BUFSIZ > 32768 ? BUFSIZ : 32768;
+
+  ostream_params() {}
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  ostream_params(T... params, int new_oflag) : ostream_params(params...) {
+    oflag = new_oflag;
+  }
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  ostream_params(T... params, detail::buffer_size bs)
+      : ostream_params(params...) {
+    this->buffer_size = bs.value;
+  }
+
+// Intel has a bug that results in failure to deduce a constructor
+// for empty parameter packs.
+#  if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && __INTEL_COMPILER < 2000
+  ostream_params(int new_oflag) : oflag(new_oflag) {}
+  ostream_params(detail::buffer_size bs) : buffer_size(bs.value) {}
+#  endif
+};
+
+class file_buffer final : public buffer<char> {
+ private:
+  file file_;
+
+  FMT_API static void grow(buffer<char>& buf, size_t);
+
+ public:
+  FMT_API file_buffer(cstring_view path, const ostream_params& params);
+  FMT_API file_buffer(file_buffer&& other) noexcept;
+  FMT_API ~file_buffer();
+
+  void flush() {
+    if (size() == 0) return;
+    file_.write(data(), size() * sizeof(data()[0]));
+    clear();
+  }
+
+  void close() {
+    flush();
+    file_.close();
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+constexpr auto buffer_size = detail::buffer_size();
+
+/// A fast output stream for writing from a single thread. Writing from
+/// multiple threads without external synchronization may result in a data race.
+class FMT_API ostream {
+ private:
+  FMT_MSC_WARNING(suppress : 4251)
+  detail::file_buffer buffer_;
+
+  ostream(cstring_view path, const detail::ostream_params& params)
+      : buffer_(path, params) {}
+
+ public:
+  ostream(ostream&& other) : buffer_(std::move(other.buffer_)) {}
+
+  ~ostream();
+
+  void flush() { buffer_.flush(); }
+
+  template <typename... T>
+  friend auto output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) -> ostream;
+
+  void close() { buffer_.close(); }
+
+  /// Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the
+  /// output to the file.
+  template <typename... T> void print(format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+    vformat_to(appender(buffer_), fmt, fmt::make_format_args(args...));
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Opens a file for writing. Supported parameters passed in `params`:
+ *
+ * - `<integer>`: Flags passed to [open](
+ *   https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904875/functions/open.html)
+ *   (`file::WRONLY | file::CREATE | file::TRUNC` by default)
+ * - `buffer_size=<integer>`: Output buffer size
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto out = fmt::output_file("guide.txt");
+ *     out.print("Don't {}", "Panic");
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+inline auto output_file(cstring_view path, T... params) -> ostream {
+  return {path, detail::ostream_params(params...)};
+}
+#endif  // FMT_USE_FCNTL
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_OS_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ostream.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ostream.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98faef6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ostream.h
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - std::ostream support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_OSTREAM_H_
+#define FMT_OSTREAM_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <fstream>  // std::filebuf
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  ifdef __GLIBCXX__
+#    include <ext/stdio_filebuf.h>
+#    include <ext/stdio_sync_filebuf.h>
+#  endif
+#  include <io.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "chrono.h"  // formatbuf
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+// Generate a unique explicit instantion in every translation unit using a tag
+// type in an anonymous namespace.
+namespace {
+struct file_access_tag {};
+}  // namespace
+template <typename Tag, typename BufType, FILE* BufType::*FileMemberPtr>
+class file_access {
+  friend auto get_file(BufType& obj) -> FILE* { return obj.*FileMemberPtr; }
+};
+
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION
+template class file_access<file_access_tag, std::filebuf,
+                           &std::filebuf::_Myfile>;
+auto get_file(std::filebuf&) -> FILE*;
+#endif
+
+inline auto write_ostream_unicode(std::ostream& os, fmt::string_view data)
+    -> bool {
+  FILE* f = nullptr;
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION && FMT_USE_RTTI
+  if (auto* buf = dynamic_cast<std::filebuf*>(os.rdbuf()))
+    f = get_file(*buf);
+  else
+    return false;
+#elif defined(_WIN32) && defined(__GLIBCXX__) && FMT_USE_RTTI
+  auto* rdbuf = os.rdbuf();
+  if (auto* sfbuf = dynamic_cast<__gnu_cxx::stdio_sync_filebuf<char>*>(rdbuf))
+    f = sfbuf->file();
+  else if (auto* fbuf = dynamic_cast<__gnu_cxx::stdio_filebuf<char>*>(rdbuf))
+    f = fbuf->file();
+  else
+    return false;
+#else
+  ignore_unused(os, data, f);
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  if (f) {
+    int fd = _fileno(f);
+    if (_isatty(fd)) {
+      os.flush();
+      return write_console(fd, data);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  return false;
+}
+inline auto write_ostream_unicode(std::wostream&,
+                                  fmt::basic_string_view<wchar_t>) -> bool {
+  return false;
+}
+
+// Write the content of buf to os.
+// It is a separate function rather than a part of vprint to simplify testing.
+template <typename Char>
+void write_buffer(std::basic_ostream<Char>& os, buffer<Char>& buf) {
+  const Char* buf_data = buf.data();
+  using unsigned_streamsize = std::make_unsigned<std::streamsize>::type;
+  unsigned_streamsize size = buf.size();
+  unsigned_streamsize max_size = to_unsigned(max_value<std::streamsize>());
+  do {
+    unsigned_streamsize n = size <= max_size ? size : max_size;
+    os.write(buf_data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(n));
+    buf_data += n;
+    size -= n;
+  } while (size != 0);
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename T>
+void format_value(buffer<Char>& buf, const T& value) {
+  auto&& format_buf = formatbuf<std::basic_streambuf<Char>>(buf);
+  auto&& output = std::basic_ostream<Char>(&format_buf);
+#if !defined(FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR)
+  output.imbue(std::locale::classic());  // The default is always unlocalized.
+#endif
+  output << value;
+  output.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit | std::ios_base::badbit);
+}
+
+template <typename T> struct streamed_view {
+  const T& value;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+// Formats an object of type T that has an overloaded ostream operator<<.
+template <typename Char>
+struct basic_ostream_formatter : formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char> {
+  void set_debug_format() = delete;
+
+  template <typename T, typename Context>
+  auto format(const T& value, Context& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    detail::format_value(buffer, value);
+    return formatter<basic_string_view<Char>, Char>::format(
+        {buffer.data(), buffer.size()}, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+using ostream_formatter = basic_ostream_formatter<char>;
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<detail::streamed_view<T>, Char>
+    : basic_ostream_formatter<Char> {
+  template <typename Context>
+  auto format(detail::streamed_view<T> view, Context& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return basic_ostream_formatter<Char>::format(view.value, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Returns a view that formats `value` via an ostream `operator<<`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("Current thread id: {}\n",
+ *                fmt::streamed(std::this_thread::get_id()));
+ */
+template <typename T>
+constexpr auto streamed(const T& value) -> detail::streamed_view<T> {
+  return {value};
+}
+
+namespace detail {
+
+inline void vprint_directly(std::ostream& os, string_view format_str,
+                            format_args args) {
+  auto buffer = memory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+  detail::write_buffer(os, buffer);
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename Char>
+void vprint(std::basic_ostream<Char>& os,
+            basic_string_view<type_identity_t<Char>> format_str,
+            typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args) {
+  auto buffer = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vformat_to(buffer, format_str, args);
+  if (detail::write_ostream_unicode(os, {buffer.data(), buffer.size()})) return;
+  detail::write_buffer(os, buffer);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Prints formatted data to the stream `os`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print(cerr, "Don't {}!", "panic");
+ */
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename... T>
+void print(std::ostream& os, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  const auto& vargs = fmt::make_format_args(args...);
+  if (detail::use_utf8())
+    vprint(os, fmt, vargs);
+  else
+    detail::vprint_directly(os, fmt, vargs);
+}
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename... Args>
+void print(std::wostream& os,
+           basic_format_string<wchar_t, type_identity_t<Args>...> fmt,
+           Args&&... args) {
+  vprint(os, fmt, fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<wchar_t>>(args...));
+}
+
+FMT_EXPORT template <typename... T>
+void println(std::ostream& os, format_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  fmt::print(os, "{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
+}
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename... Args>
+void println(std::wostream& os,
+             basic_format_string<wchar_t, type_identity_t<Args>...> fmt,
+             Args&&... args) {
+  print(os, L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+}
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_OSTREAM_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/printf.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/printf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..072cc6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/printf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,656 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - legacy printf implementation
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_PRINTF_H_
+#define FMT_PRINTF_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <algorithm>  // std::max
+#  include <limits>     // std::numeric_limits
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+template <typename T> struct printf_formatter {
+  printf_formatter() = delete;
+};
+
+template <typename Char> class basic_printf_context {
+ private:
+  basic_appender<Char> out_;
+  basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args_;
+
+  static_assert(std::is_same<Char, char>::value ||
+                    std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value,
+                "Unsupported code unit type.");
+
+ public:
+  using char_type = Char;
+  using parse_context_type = basic_format_parse_context<Char>;
+  template <typename T> using formatter_type = printf_formatter<T>;
+
+  /// Constructs a `printf_context` object. References to the arguments are
+  /// stored in the context object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
+  basic_printf_context(basic_appender<Char> out,
+                       basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args)
+      : out_(out), args_(args) {}
+
+  auto out() -> basic_appender<Char> { return out_; }
+  void advance_to(basic_appender<Char>) {}
+
+  auto locale() -> detail::locale_ref { return {}; }
+
+  auto arg(int id) const -> basic_format_arg<basic_printf_context> {
+    return args_.get(id);
+  }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
+// signed and unsigned integers.
+template <bool IsSigned> struct int_checker {
+  template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
+    unsigned max = to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
+    return value <= max;
+  }
+  static auto fits_in_int(bool) -> bool { return true; }
+};
+
+template <> struct int_checker<true> {
+  template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
+    return value >= (std::numeric_limits<int>::min)() &&
+           value <= max_value<int>();
+  }
+  static auto fits_in_int(int) -> bool { return true; }
+};
+
+struct printf_precision_handler {
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T value) -> int {
+    if (!int_checker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
+      report_error("number is too big");
+    return (std::max)(static_cast<int>(value), 0);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T) -> int {
+    report_error("precision is not integer");
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+// An argument visitor that returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
+struct is_zero_int {
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T value) -> bool {
+    return value == 0;
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T) -> bool {
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T> struct make_unsigned_or_bool : std::make_unsigned<T> {};
+
+template <> struct make_unsigned_or_bool<bool> {
+  using type = bool;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Context> class arg_converter {
+ private:
+  using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
+
+  basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
+  char_type type_;
+
+ public:
+  arg_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, char_type type)
+      : arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
+
+  void operator()(bool value) {
+    if (type_ != 's') operator()<bool>(value);
+  }
+
+  template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<U>::value)>
+  void operator()(U value) {
+    bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
+    using target_type = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>;
+    if (const_check(sizeof(target_type) <= sizeof(int))) {
+      // Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
+      if (is_signed) {
+        auto n = static_cast<int>(static_cast<target_type>(value));
+        arg_ = detail::make_arg<Context>(n);
+      } else {
+        using unsigned_type = typename make_unsigned_or_bool<target_type>::type;
+        auto n = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<unsigned_type>(value));
+        arg_ = detail::make_arg<Context>(n);
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (is_signed) {
+        // glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
+        //   std::printf("%lld", -42);  // prints "4294967254"
+        // but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
+        auto n = static_cast<long long>(value);
+        arg_ = detail::make_arg<Context>(n);
+      } else {
+        auto n = static_cast<typename make_unsigned_or_bool<U>::type>(value);
+        arg_ = detail::make_arg<Context>(n);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<U>::value)>
+  void operator()(U) {}  // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
+};
+
+// Converts an integer argument to T for printf, if T is an integral type.
+// If T is void, the argument is converted to corresponding signed or unsigned
+// type depending on the type specifier: 'd' and 'i' - signed, other -
+// unsigned).
+template <typename T, typename Context, typename Char>
+void convert_arg(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, Char type) {
+  arg.visit(arg_converter<T, Context>(arg, type));
+}
+
+// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
+template <typename Context> class char_converter {
+ private:
+  basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
+
+ public:
+  explicit char_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg) : arg_(arg) {}
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  void operator()(T value) {
+    auto c = static_cast<typename Context::char_type>(value);
+    arg_ = detail::make_arg<Context>(c);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  void operator()(T) {}  // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
+};
+
+// An argument visitor that return a pointer to a C string if argument is a
+// string or null otherwise.
+template <typename Char> struct get_cstring {
+  template <typename T> auto operator()(T) -> const Char* { return nullptr; }
+  auto operator()(const Char* s) -> const Char* { return s; }
+};
+
+// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
+// left alignment if it is negative.
+class printf_width_handler {
+ private:
+  format_specs& specs_;
+
+ public:
+  explicit printf_width_handler(format_specs& specs) : specs_(specs) {}
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned {
+    auto width = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
+    if (detail::is_negative(value)) {
+      specs_.align = align::left;
+      width = 0 - width;
+    }
+    unsigned int_max = to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
+    if (width > int_max) report_error("number is too big");
+    return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  auto operator()(T) -> unsigned {
+    report_error("width is not integer");
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+// Workaround for a bug with the XL compiler when initializing
+// printf_arg_formatter's base class.
+template <typename Char>
+auto make_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s)
+    -> arg_formatter<Char> {
+  return {iter, s, locale_ref()};
+}
+
+// The `printf` argument formatter.
+template <typename Char>
+class printf_arg_formatter : public arg_formatter<Char> {
+ private:
+  using base = arg_formatter<Char>;
+  using context_type = basic_printf_context<Char>;
+
+  context_type& context_;
+
+  void write_null_pointer(bool is_string = false) {
+    auto s = this->specs;
+    s.type = presentation_type::none;
+    write_bytes<Char>(this->out, is_string ? "(null)" : "(nil)", s);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  printf_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s,
+                       context_type& ctx)
+      : base(make_arg_formatter(iter, s)), context_(ctx) {}
+
+  void operator()(monostate value) { base::operator()(value); }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_integral<T>::value)>
+  void operator()(T value) {
+    // MSVC2013 fails to compile separate overloads for bool and Char so use
+    // std::is_same instead.
+    if (!std::is_same<T, Char>::value) {
+      base::operator()(value);
+      return;
+    }
+    format_specs s = this->specs;
+    if (s.type != presentation_type::none && s.type != presentation_type::chr) {
+      return (*this)(static_cast<int>(value));
+    }
+    s.sign = sign::none;
+    s.alt = false;
+    s.fill = ' ';  // Ignore '0' flag for char types.
+    // align::numeric needs to be overwritten here since the '0' flag is
+    // ignored for non-numeric types
+    if (s.align == align::none || s.align == align::numeric)
+      s.align = align::right;
+    write<Char>(this->out, static_cast<Char>(value), s);
+  }
+
+  template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value)>
+  void operator()(T value) {
+    base::operator()(value);
+  }
+
+  void operator()(const char* value) {
+    if (value)
+      base::operator()(value);
+    else
+      write_null_pointer(this->specs.type != presentation_type::pointer);
+  }
+
+  void operator()(const wchar_t* value) {
+    if (value)
+      base::operator()(value);
+    else
+      write_null_pointer(this->specs.type != presentation_type::pointer);
+  }
+
+  void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> value) { base::operator()(value); }
+
+  void operator()(const void* value) {
+    if (value)
+      base::operator()(value);
+    else
+      write_null_pointer();
+  }
+
+  void operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context_type>::handle handle) {
+    auto parse_ctx = basic_format_parse_context<Char>({});
+    handle.format(parse_ctx, context_);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+void parse_flags(format_specs& specs, const Char*& it, const Char* end) {
+  for (; it != end; ++it) {
+    switch (*it) {
+    case '-':
+      specs.align = align::left;
+      break;
+    case '+':
+      specs.sign = sign::plus;
+      break;
+    case '0':
+      specs.fill = '0';
+      break;
+    case ' ':
+      if (specs.sign != sign::plus) specs.sign = sign::space;
+      break;
+    case '#':
+      specs.alt = true;
+      break;
+    default:
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename GetArg>
+auto parse_header(const Char*& it, const Char* end, format_specs& specs,
+                  GetArg get_arg) -> int {
+  int arg_index = -1;
+  Char c = *it;
+  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+    // Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
+    // preceded with '0' flag(s).
+    int value = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
+    if (it != end && *it == '$') {  // value is an argument index
+      ++it;
+      arg_index = value != -1 ? value : max_value<int>();
+    } else {
+      if (c == '0') specs.fill = '0';
+      if (value != 0) {
+        // Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
+        // parse it or flags again, so return now.
+        if (value == -1) report_error("number is too big");
+        specs.width = value;
+        return arg_index;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  parse_flags(specs, it, end);
+  // Parse width.
+  if (it != end) {
+    if (*it >= '0' && *it <= '9') {
+      specs.width = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
+      if (specs.width == -1) report_error("number is too big");
+    } else if (*it == '*') {
+      ++it;
+      specs.width = static_cast<int>(
+          get_arg(-1).visit(detail::printf_width_handler(specs)));
+    }
+  }
+  return arg_index;
+}
+
+inline auto parse_printf_presentation_type(char c, type t, bool& upper)
+    -> presentation_type {
+  using pt = presentation_type;
+  constexpr auto integral_set = sint_set | uint_set | bool_set | char_set;
+  switch (c) {
+  case 'd':
+    return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::dec : pt::none;
+  case 'o':
+    return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::oct : pt::none;
+  case 'X':
+    upper = true;
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case 'x':
+    return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::hex : pt::none;
+  case 'E':
+    upper = true;
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case 'e':
+    return in(t, float_set) ? pt::exp : pt::none;
+  case 'F':
+    upper = true;
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case 'f':
+    return in(t, float_set) ? pt::fixed : pt::none;
+  case 'G':
+    upper = true;
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case 'g':
+    return in(t, float_set) ? pt::general : pt::none;
+  case 'A':
+    upper = true;
+    FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+  case 'a':
+    return in(t, float_set) ? pt::hexfloat : pt::none;
+  case 'c':
+    return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::chr : pt::none;
+  case 's':
+    return in(t, string_set | cstring_set) ? pt::string : pt::none;
+  case 'p':
+    return in(t, pointer_set | cstring_set) ? pt::pointer : pt::none;
+  default:
+    return pt::none;
+  }
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename Context>
+void vprintf(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format,
+             basic_format_args<Context> args) {
+  using iterator = basic_appender<Char>;
+  auto out = iterator(buf);
+  auto context = basic_printf_context<Char>(out, args);
+  auto parse_ctx = basic_format_parse_context<Char>(format);
+
+  // Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is -1, the next
+  // argument.
+  auto get_arg = [&](int arg_index) {
+    if (arg_index < 0)
+      arg_index = parse_ctx.next_arg_id();
+    else
+      parse_ctx.check_arg_id(--arg_index);
+    return detail::get_arg(context, arg_index);
+  };
+
+  const Char* start = parse_ctx.begin();
+  const Char* end = parse_ctx.end();
+  auto it = start;
+  while (it != end) {
+    if (!find<false, Char>(it, end, '%', it)) {
+      it = end;  // find leaves it == nullptr if it doesn't find '%'.
+      break;
+    }
+    Char c = *it++;
+    if (it != end && *it == c) {
+      write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
+      start = ++it;
+      continue;
+    }
+    write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - 1 - start)));
+
+    auto specs = format_specs();
+    specs.align = align::right;
+
+    // Parse argument index, flags and width.
+    int arg_index = parse_header(it, end, specs, get_arg);
+    if (arg_index == 0) report_error("argument not found");
+
+    // Parse precision.
+    if (it != end && *it == '.') {
+      ++it;
+      c = it != end ? *it : 0;
+      if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
+        specs.precision = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, 0);
+      } else if (c == '*') {
+        ++it;
+        specs.precision =
+            static_cast<int>(get_arg(-1).visit(printf_precision_handler()));
+      } else {
+        specs.precision = 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    auto arg = get_arg(arg_index);
+    // For d, i, o, u, x, and X conversion specifiers, if a precision is
+    // specified, the '0' flag is ignored
+    if (specs.precision >= 0 && arg.is_integral()) {
+      // Ignore '0' for non-numeric types or if '-' present.
+      specs.fill = ' ';
+    }
+    if (specs.precision >= 0 && arg.type() == type::cstring_type) {
+      auto str = arg.visit(get_cstring<Char>());
+      auto str_end = str + specs.precision;
+      auto nul = std::find(str, str_end, Char());
+      auto sv = basic_string_view<Char>(
+          str, to_unsigned(nul != str_end ? nul - str : specs.precision));
+      arg = make_arg<basic_printf_context<Char>>(sv);
+    }
+    if (specs.alt && arg.visit(is_zero_int())) specs.alt = false;
+    if (specs.fill.template get<Char>() == '0') {
+      if (arg.is_arithmetic() && specs.align != align::left)
+        specs.align = align::numeric;
+      else
+        specs.fill = ' ';  // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types or if '-'
+                           // flag is also present.
+    }
+
+    // Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
+    c = it != end ? *it++ : 0;
+    Char t = it != end ? *it : 0;
+    switch (c) {
+    case 'h':
+      if (t == 'h') {
+        ++it;
+        t = it != end ? *it : 0;
+        convert_arg<signed char>(arg, t);
+      } else {
+        convert_arg<short>(arg, t);
+      }
+      break;
+    case 'l':
+      if (t == 'l') {
+        ++it;
+        t = it != end ? *it : 0;
+        convert_arg<long long>(arg, t);
+      } else {
+        convert_arg<long>(arg, t);
+      }
+      break;
+    case 'j':
+      convert_arg<intmax_t>(arg, t);
+      break;
+    case 'z':
+      convert_arg<size_t>(arg, t);
+      break;
+    case 't':
+      convert_arg<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, t);
+      break;
+    case 'L':
+      // printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
+      // need to do the same.
+      break;
+    default:
+      --it;
+      convert_arg<void>(arg, c);
+    }
+
+    // Parse type.
+    if (it == end) report_error("invalid format string");
+    char type = static_cast<char>(*it++);
+    if (arg.is_integral()) {
+      // Normalize type.
+      switch (type) {
+      case 'i':
+      case 'u':
+        type = 'd';
+        break;
+      case 'c':
+        arg.visit(char_converter<basic_printf_context<Char>>(arg));
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    bool upper = false;
+    specs.type = parse_printf_presentation_type(type, arg.type(), upper);
+    if (specs.type == presentation_type::none)
+      report_error("invalid format specifier");
+    specs.upper = upper;
+
+    start = it;
+
+    // Format argument.
+    arg.visit(printf_arg_formatter<Char>(out, specs, context));
+  }
+  write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+using printf_context = basic_printf_context<char>;
+using wprintf_context = basic_printf_context<wchar_t>;
+
+using printf_args = basic_format_args<printf_context>;
+using wprintf_args = basic_format_args<wprintf_context>;
+
+/// Constructs an `format_arg_store` object that contains references to
+/// arguments and can be implicitly converted to `printf_args`.
+template <typename Char = char, typename... T>
+inline auto make_printf_args(T&... args)
+    -> decltype(fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...)) {
+  return fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...);
+}
+
+template <typename Char> struct vprintf_args {
+  using type = basic_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>;
+};
+
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto vsprintf(basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+                     typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
+  return to_string(buf);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and returns the result
+ * as as string.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
+ */
+template <typename S, typename... T, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+inline auto sprintf(const S& fmt, const T&... args) -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  return vsprintf(detail::to_string_view(fmt),
+                  fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+inline auto vfprintf(std::FILE* f, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+                     typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args) -> int {
+  auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
+  size_t size = buf.size();
+  return std::fwrite(buf.data(), sizeof(Char), size, f) < size
+             ? -1
+             : static_cast<int>(size);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
+ * to `f`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
+ */
+template <typename S, typename... T, typename Char = char_t<S>>
+inline auto fprintf(std::FILE* f, const S& fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
+  return vfprintf(f, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
+                  make_printf_args<Char>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Char>
+FMT_DEPRECATED inline auto vprintf(basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
+                                   typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> int {
+  return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, args);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
+ * to `stdout`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *   fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+inline auto printf(string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
+  return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
+}
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_DEPRECATED inline auto printf(basic_string_view<wchar_t> fmt,
+                                  const T&... args) -> int {
+  return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, make_printf_args<wchar_t>(args...));
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_PRINTF_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ranges.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ranges.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d3dfbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/ranges.h
@@ -0,0 +1,882 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - range and tuple support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich and {fmt} contributors
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_RANGES_H_
+#define FMT_RANGES_H_
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <initializer_list>
+#  include <iterator>
+#  include <string>
+#  include <tuple>
+#  include <type_traits>
+#  include <utility>
+#endif
+
+#include "format.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+enum class range_format { disabled, map, set, sequence, string, debug_string };
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T> class is_map {
+  template <typename U> static auto check(U*) -> typename U::mapped_type;
+  template <typename> static void check(...);
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename T> class is_set {
+  template <typename U> static auto check(U*) -> typename U::key_type;
+  template <typename> static void check(...);
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value && !is_map<T>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename... Ts> struct conditional_helper {};
+
+template <typename T, typename _ = void> struct is_range_ : std::false_type {};
+
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION > 1800
+
+#  define FMT_DECLTYPE_RETURN(val)  \
+    ->decltype(val) { return val; } \
+    static_assert(                  \
+        true, "")  // This makes it so that a semicolon is required after the
+                   // macro, which helps clang-format handle the formatting.
+
+// C array overload
+template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto range_begin(const T (&arr)[N]) -> const T* {
+  return arr;
+}
+template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto range_end(const T (&arr)[N]) -> const T* {
+  return arr + N;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_member_fn_begin_end_t : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T, void_t<decltype(*std::declval<T>().begin()),
+                                           decltype(std::declval<T>().end())>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+// Member function overloads.
+template <typename T>
+auto range_begin(T&& rng) FMT_DECLTYPE_RETURN(static_cast<T&&>(rng).begin());
+template <typename T>
+auto range_end(T&& rng) FMT_DECLTYPE_RETURN(static_cast<T&&>(rng).end());
+
+// ADL overloads. Only participate in overload resolution if member functions
+// are not found.
+template <typename T>
+auto range_begin(T&& rng)
+    -> enable_if_t<!has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T&&>::value,
+                   decltype(begin(static_cast<T&&>(rng)))> {
+  return begin(static_cast<T&&>(rng));
+}
+template <typename T>
+auto range_end(T&& rng) -> enable_if_t<!has_member_fn_begin_end_t<T&&>::value,
+                                       decltype(end(static_cast<T&&>(rng)))> {
+  return end(static_cast<T&&>(rng));
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_const_begin_end : std::false_type {};
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_mutable_begin_end : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_const_begin_end<
+    T, void_t<decltype(*detail::range_begin(
+                  std::declval<const remove_cvref_t<T>&>())),
+              decltype(detail::range_end(
+                  std::declval<const remove_cvref_t<T>&>()))>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_mutable_begin_end<
+    T, void_t<decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<T&>())),
+              decltype(detail::range_end(std::declval<T&>())),
+              // the extra int here is because older versions of MSVC don't
+              // SFINAE properly unless there are distinct types
+              int>> : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct is_range_<T, void>
+    : std::integral_constant<bool, (has_const_begin_end<T>::value ||
+                                    has_mutable_begin_end<T>::value)> {};
+#  undef FMT_DECLTYPE_RETURN
+#endif
+
+// tuple_size and tuple_element check.
+template <typename T> class is_tuple_like_ {
+  template <typename U>
+  static auto check(U* p) -> decltype(std::tuple_size<U>::value, int());
+  template <typename> static void check(...);
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
+};
+
+// Check for integer_sequence
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_integer_sequence) || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1900
+template <typename T, T... N>
+using integer_sequence = std::integer_sequence<T, N...>;
+template <size_t... N> using index_sequence = std::index_sequence<N...>;
+template <size_t N> using make_index_sequence = std::make_index_sequence<N>;
+#else
+template <typename T, T... N> struct integer_sequence {
+  using value_type = T;
+
+  static FMT_CONSTEXPR auto size() -> size_t { return sizeof...(N); }
+};
+
+template <size_t... N> using index_sequence = integer_sequence<size_t, N...>;
+
+template <typename T, size_t N, T... Ns>
+struct make_integer_sequence : make_integer_sequence<T, N - 1, N - 1, Ns...> {};
+template <typename T, T... Ns>
+struct make_integer_sequence<T, 0, Ns...> : integer_sequence<T, Ns...> {};
+
+template <size_t N>
+using make_index_sequence = make_integer_sequence<size_t, N>;
+#endif
+
+template <typename T>
+using tuple_index_sequence = make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<T>::value>;
+
+template <typename T, typename C, bool = is_tuple_like_<T>::value>
+class is_tuple_formattable_ {
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value = false;
+};
+template <typename T, typename C> class is_tuple_formattable_<T, C, true> {
+  template <size_t... Is>
+  static auto all_true(index_sequence<Is...>,
+                       integer_sequence<bool, (Is >= 0)...>) -> std::true_type;
+  static auto all_true(...) -> std::false_type;
+
+  template <size_t... Is>
+  static auto check(index_sequence<Is...>) -> decltype(all_true(
+      index_sequence<Is...>{},
+      integer_sequence<bool,
+                       (is_formattable<typename std::tuple_element<Is, T>::type,
+                                       C>::value)...>{}));
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      decltype(check(tuple_index_sequence<T>{}))::value;
+};
+
+template <typename Tuple, typename F, size_t... Is>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each(index_sequence<Is...>, Tuple&& t, F&& f) {
+  using std::get;
+  // Using a free function get<Is>(Tuple) now.
+  const int unused[] = {0, ((void)f(get<Is>(t)), 0)...};
+  ignore_unused(unused);
+}
+
+template <typename Tuple, typename F>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void for_each(Tuple&& t, F&& f) {
+  for_each(tuple_index_sequence<remove_cvref_t<Tuple>>(),
+           std::forward<Tuple>(t), std::forward<F>(f));
+}
+
+template <typename Tuple1, typename Tuple2, typename F, size_t... Is>
+void for_each2(index_sequence<Is...>, Tuple1&& t1, Tuple2&& t2, F&& f) {
+  using std::get;
+  const int unused[] = {0, ((void)f(get<Is>(t1), get<Is>(t2)), 0)...};
+  ignore_unused(unused);
+}
+
+template <typename Tuple1, typename Tuple2, typename F>
+void for_each2(Tuple1&& t1, Tuple2&& t2, F&& f) {
+  for_each2(tuple_index_sequence<remove_cvref_t<Tuple1>>(),
+            std::forward<Tuple1>(t1), std::forward<Tuple2>(t2),
+            std::forward<F>(f));
+}
+
+namespace tuple {
+// Workaround a bug in MSVC 2019 (v140).
+template <typename Char, typename... T>
+using result_t = std::tuple<formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Char>...>;
+
+using std::get;
+template <typename Tuple, typename Char, std::size_t... Is>
+auto get_formatters(index_sequence<Is...>)
+    -> result_t<Char, decltype(get<Is>(std::declval<Tuple>()))...>;
+}  // namespace tuple
+
+#if FMT_MSC_VERSION && FMT_MSC_VERSION < 1920
+// Older MSVC doesn't get the reference type correctly for arrays.
+template <typename R> struct range_reference_type_impl {
+  using type = decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<R&>()));
+};
+
+template <typename T, std::size_t N> struct range_reference_type_impl<T[N]> {
+  using type = T&;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+using range_reference_type = typename range_reference_type_impl<T>::type;
+#else
+template <typename Range>
+using range_reference_type =
+    decltype(*detail::range_begin(std::declval<Range&>()));
+#endif
+
+// We don't use the Range's value_type for anything, but we do need the Range's
+// reference type, with cv-ref stripped.
+template <typename Range>
+using uncvref_type = remove_cvref_t<range_reference_type<Range>>;
+
+template <typename Formatter>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto maybe_set_debug_format(Formatter& f, bool set)
+    -> decltype(f.set_debug_format(set)) {
+  f.set_debug_format(set);
+}
+template <typename Formatter>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR void maybe_set_debug_format(Formatter&, ...) {}
+
+template <typename T>
+struct range_format_kind_
+    : std::integral_constant<range_format,
+                             std::is_same<uncvref_type<T>, T>::value
+                                 ? range_format::disabled
+                             : is_map<T>::value ? range_format::map
+                             : is_set<T>::value ? range_format::set
+                                                : range_format::sequence> {};
+
+template <range_format K>
+using range_format_constant = std::integral_constant<range_format, K>;
+
+// These are not generic lambdas for compatibility with C++11.
+template <typename ParseContext> struct parse_empty_specs {
+  template <typename Formatter> FMT_CONSTEXPR void operator()(Formatter& f) {
+    f.parse(ctx);
+    detail::maybe_set_debug_format(f, true);
+  }
+  ParseContext& ctx;
+};
+template <typename FormatContext> struct format_tuple_element {
+  using char_type = typename FormatContext::char_type;
+
+  template <typename T>
+  void operator()(const formatter<T, char_type>& f, const T& v) {
+    if (i > 0) ctx.advance_to(detail::copy<char_type>(separator, ctx.out()));
+    ctx.advance_to(f.format(v, ctx));
+    ++i;
+  }
+
+  int i;
+  FormatContext& ctx;
+  basic_string_view<char_type> separator;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <typename T> struct is_tuple_like {
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      detail::is_tuple_like_<T>::value && !detail::is_range_<T>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename C> struct is_tuple_formattable {
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      detail::is_tuple_formattable_<T, C>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename Tuple, typename Char>
+struct formatter<Tuple, Char,
+                 enable_if_t<fmt::is_tuple_like<Tuple>::value &&
+                             fmt::is_tuple_formattable<Tuple, Char>::value>> {
+ private:
+  decltype(detail::tuple::get_formatters<Tuple, Char>(
+      detail::tuple_index_sequence<Tuple>())) formatters_;
+
+  basic_string_view<Char> separator_ = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
+  basic_string_view<Char> opening_bracket_ =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, '('>{};
+  basic_string_view<Char> closing_bracket_ =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, ')'>{};
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_separator(basic_string_view<Char> sep) {
+    separator_ = sep;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_brackets(basic_string_view<Char> open,
+                                  basic_string_view<Char> close) {
+    opening_bracket_ = open;
+    closing_bracket_ = close;
+  }
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin();
+    if (it != ctx.end() && *it != '}') report_error("invalid format specifier");
+    detail::for_each(formatters_, detail::parse_empty_specs<ParseContext>{ctx});
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const Tuple& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    ctx.advance_to(detail::copy<Char>(opening_bracket_, ctx.out()));
+    detail::for_each2(
+        formatters_, value,
+        detail::format_tuple_element<FormatContext>{0, ctx, separator_});
+    return detail::copy<Char>(closing_bracket_, ctx.out());
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char> struct is_range {
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      detail::is_range_<T>::value && !detail::has_to_string_view<T>::value;
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+template <typename Context> struct range_mapper {
+  using mapper = arg_mapper<Context>;
+
+  template <typename T,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(has_formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Context>::value)>
+  static auto map(T&& value) -> T&& {
+    return static_cast<T&&>(value);
+  }
+  template <typename T,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(!has_formatter<remove_cvref_t<T>, Context>::value)>
+  static auto map(T&& value)
+      -> decltype(mapper().map(static_cast<T&&>(value))) {
+    return mapper().map(static_cast<T&&>(value));
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename Char, typename Element>
+using range_formatter_type =
+    formatter<remove_cvref_t<decltype(range_mapper<buffered_context<Char>>{}
+                                          .map(std::declval<Element>()))>,
+              Char>;
+
+template <typename R>
+using maybe_const_range =
+    conditional_t<has_const_begin_end<R>::value, const R, R>;
+
+// Workaround a bug in MSVC 2015 and earlier.
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1910
+template <typename R, typename Char>
+struct is_formattable_delayed
+    : is_formattable<uncvref_type<maybe_const_range<R>>, Char> {};
+#endif
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <typename...> struct conjunction : std::true_type {};
+template <typename P> struct conjunction<P> : P {};
+template <typename P1, typename... Pn>
+struct conjunction<P1, Pn...>
+    : conditional_t<bool(P1::value), conjunction<Pn...>, P1> {};
+
+template <typename T, typename Char, typename Enable = void>
+struct range_formatter;
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct range_formatter<
+    T, Char,
+    enable_if_t<conjunction<std::is_same<T, remove_cvref_t<T>>,
+                            is_formattable<T, Char>>::value>> {
+ private:
+  detail::range_formatter_type<Char, T> underlying_;
+  basic_string_view<Char> separator_ = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
+  basic_string_view<Char> opening_bracket_ =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, '['>{};
+  basic_string_view<Char> closing_bracket_ =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, ']'>{};
+  bool is_debug = false;
+
+  template <typename Output, typename It, typename Sentinel, typename U = T,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_same<U, Char>::value)>
+  auto write_debug_string(Output& out, It it, Sentinel end) const -> Output {
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    for (; it != end; ++it) buf.push_back(*it);
+    auto specs = format_specs();
+    specs.type = presentation_type::debug;
+    return detail::write<Char>(
+        out, basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()), specs);
+  }
+
+  template <typename Output, typename It, typename Sentinel, typename U = T,
+            FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<U, Char>::value)>
+  auto write_debug_string(Output& out, It, Sentinel) const -> Output {
+    return out;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR range_formatter() {}
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto underlying() -> detail::range_formatter_type<Char, T>& {
+    return underlying_;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_separator(basic_string_view<Char> sep) {
+    separator_ = sep;
+  }
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_brackets(basic_string_view<Char> open,
+                                  basic_string_view<Char> close) {
+    opening_bracket_ = open;
+    closing_bracket_ = close;
+  }
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin();
+    auto end = ctx.end();
+    detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, true);
+    if (it == end) return underlying_.parse(ctx);
+
+    switch (detail::to_ascii(*it)) {
+    case 'n':
+      set_brackets({}, {});
+      ++it;
+      break;
+    case '?':
+      is_debug = true;
+      set_brackets({}, {});
+      ++it;
+      if (it == end || *it != 's') report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 's':
+      if (!std::is_same<T, Char>::value)
+        report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      if (!is_debug) {
+        set_brackets(detail::string_literal<Char, '"'>{},
+                     detail::string_literal<Char, '"'>{});
+        set_separator({});
+        detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, false);
+      }
+      ++it;
+      return it;
+    }
+
+    if (it != end && *it != '}') {
+      if (*it != ':') report_error("invalid format specifier");
+      detail::maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, false);
+      ++it;
+    }
+
+    ctx.advance_to(it);
+    return underlying_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename R, typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(R&& range, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto mapper = detail::range_mapper<buffered_context<Char>>();
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    auto it = detail::range_begin(range);
+    auto end = detail::range_end(range);
+    if (is_debug) return write_debug_string(out, std::move(it), end);
+
+    out = detail::copy<Char>(opening_bracket_, out);
+    int i = 0;
+    for (; it != end; ++it) {
+      if (i > 0) out = detail::copy<Char>(separator_, out);
+      ctx.advance_to(out);
+      auto&& item = *it;  // Need an lvalue
+      out = underlying_.format(mapper.map(item), ctx);
+      ++i;
+    }
+    out = detail::copy<Char>(closing_bracket_, out);
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char, typename Enable = void>
+struct range_format_kind
+    : conditional_t<
+          is_range<T, Char>::value, detail::range_format_kind_<T>,
+          std::integral_constant<range_format, range_format::disabled>> {};
+
+template <typename R, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    R, Char,
+    enable_if_t<conjunction<
+        bool_constant<
+            range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::disabled &&
+            range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::map &&
+            range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::string &&
+            range_format_kind<R, Char>::value != range_format::debug_string>
+// Workaround a bug in MSVC 2015 and earlier.
+#if !FMT_MSC_VERSION || FMT_MSC_VERSION >= 1910
+        ,
+        detail::is_formattable_delayed<R, Char>
+#endif
+        >::value>> {
+ private:
+  using range_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
+  range_formatter<detail::uncvref_type<range_type>, Char> range_formatter_;
+
+ public:
+  using nonlocking = void;
+
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {
+    if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value !=
+                            range_format::set))
+      return;
+    range_formatter_.set_brackets(detail::string_literal<Char, '{'>{},
+                                  detail::string_literal<Char, '}'>{});
+  }
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return range_formatter_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(range_type& range, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return range_formatter_.format(range, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+// A map formatter.
+template <typename R, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    R, Char,
+    enable_if_t<range_format_kind<R, Char>::value == range_format::map>> {
+ private:
+  using map_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
+  using element_type = detail::uncvref_type<map_type>;
+
+  decltype(detail::tuple::get_formatters<element_type, Char>(
+      detail::tuple_index_sequence<element_type>())) formatters_;
+  bool no_delimiters_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR formatter() {}
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin();
+    auto end = ctx.end();
+    if (it != end) {
+      if (detail::to_ascii(*it) == 'n') {
+        no_delimiters_ = true;
+        ++it;
+      }
+      if (it != end && *it != '}') {
+        if (*it != ':') report_error("invalid format specifier");
+        ++it;
+      }
+      ctx.advance_to(it);
+    }
+    detail::for_each(formatters_, detail::parse_empty_specs<ParseContext>{ctx});
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(map_type& map, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    basic_string_view<Char> open = detail::string_literal<Char, '{'>{};
+    if (!no_delimiters_) out = detail::copy<Char>(open, out);
+    int i = 0;
+    auto mapper = detail::range_mapper<buffered_context<Char>>();
+    basic_string_view<Char> sep = detail::string_literal<Char, ',', ' '>{};
+    for (auto&& value : map) {
+      if (i > 0) out = detail::copy<Char>(sep, out);
+      ctx.advance_to(out);
+      detail::for_each2(formatters_, mapper.map(value),
+                        detail::format_tuple_element<FormatContext>{
+                            0, ctx, detail::string_literal<Char, ':', ' '>{}});
+      ++i;
+    }
+    basic_string_view<Char> close = detail::string_literal<Char, '}'>{};
+    if (!no_delimiters_) out = detail::copy<Char>(close, out);
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+// A (debug_)string formatter.
+template <typename R, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    R, Char,
+    enable_if_t<range_format_kind<R, Char>::value == range_format::string ||
+                range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
+                    range_format::debug_string>> {
+ private:
+  using range_type = detail::maybe_const_range<R>;
+  using string_type =
+      conditional_t<std::is_constructible<
+                        detail::std_string_view<Char>,
+                        decltype(detail::range_begin(std::declval<R>())),
+                        decltype(detail::range_end(std::declval<R>()))>::value,
+                    detail::std_string_view<Char>, std::basic_string<Char>>;
+
+  formatter<string_type, Char> underlying_;
+
+ public:
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return underlying_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(range_type& range, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
+                            range_format::debug_string))
+      *out++ = '"';
+    out = underlying_.format(
+        string_type{detail::range_begin(range), detail::range_end(range)}, ctx);
+    if (detail::const_check(range_format_kind<R, Char>::value ==
+                            range_format::debug_string))
+      *out++ = '"';
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char = char>
+struct join_view : detail::view {
+  It begin;
+  Sentinel end;
+  basic_string_view<Char> sep;
+
+  join_view(It b, Sentinel e, basic_string_view<Char> s)
+      : begin(std::move(b)), end(e), sep(s) {}
+};
+
+template <typename It, typename Sentinel, typename Char>
+struct formatter<join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>, Char> {
+ private:
+  using value_type =
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_ranges
+      std::iter_value_t<It>;
+#else
+      typename std::iterator_traits<It>::value_type;
+#endif
+  formatter<remove_cvref_t<value_type>, Char> value_formatter_;
+
+  using view_ref = conditional_t<std::is_copy_constructible<It>::value,
+                                 const join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>&,
+                                 join_view<It, Sentinel, Char>&&>;
+
+ public:
+  using nonlocking = void;
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> const Char* {
+    return value_formatter_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(view_ref& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto it = std::forward<view_ref>(value).begin;
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    if (it == value.end) return out;
+    out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
+    ++it;
+    while (it != value.end) {
+      out = detail::copy<Char>(value.sep.begin(), value.sep.end(), out);
+      ctx.advance_to(out);
+      out = value_formatter_.format(*it, ctx);
+      ++it;
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+/// Returns a view that formats the iterator range `[begin, end)` with elements
+/// separated by `sep`.
+template <typename It, typename Sentinel>
+auto join(It begin, Sentinel end, string_view sep) -> join_view<It, Sentinel> {
+  return {std::move(begin), end, sep};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns a view that formats `range` with elements separated by `sep`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto v = std::vector<int>{1, 2, 3};
+ *     fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
+ *     // Output: 1, 2, 3
+ *
+ * `fmt::join` applies passed format specifiers to the range elements:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("{:02}", fmt::join(v, ", "));
+ *     // Output: 01, 02, 03
+ */
+template <typename Range>
+auto join(Range&& r, string_view sep)
+    -> join_view<decltype(detail::range_begin(r)),
+                 decltype(detail::range_end(r))> {
+  return {detail::range_begin(r), detail::range_end(r), sep};
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename... T> struct tuple_join_view : detail::view {
+  const std::tuple<T...>& tuple;
+  basic_string_view<Char> sep;
+
+  tuple_join_view(const std::tuple<T...>& t, basic_string_view<Char> s)
+      : tuple(t), sep{s} {}
+};
+
+// Define FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS to enable experimental format specifiers
+// support in tuple_join. It is disabled by default because of issues with
+// the dynamic width and precision.
+#ifndef FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS
+#  define FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS 0
+#endif
+
+template <typename Char, typename... T>
+struct formatter<tuple_join_view<Char, T...>, Char> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return do_parse(ctx, std::integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(T)>());
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const tuple_join_view<Char, T...>& value,
+              FormatContext& ctx) const -> typename FormatContext::iterator {
+    return do_format(value, ctx,
+                     std::integral_constant<size_t, sizeof...(T)>());
+  }
+
+ private:
+  std::tuple<formatter<typename std::decay<T>::type, Char>...> formatters_;
+
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse(ParseContext& ctx,
+                              std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename ParseContext, size_t N>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_parse(ParseContext& ctx,
+                              std::integral_constant<size_t, N>)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto end = ctx.begin();
+#if FMT_TUPLE_JOIN_SPECIFIERS
+    end = std::get<sizeof...(T) - N>(formatters_).parse(ctx);
+    if (N > 1) {
+      auto end1 = do_parse(ctx, std::integral_constant<size_t, N - 1>());
+      if (end != end1)
+        report_error("incompatible format specs for tuple elements");
+    }
+#endif
+    return end;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto do_format(const tuple_join_view<Char, T...>&, FormatContext& ctx,
+                 std::integral_constant<size_t, 0>) const ->
+      typename FormatContext::iterator {
+    return ctx.out();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext, size_t N>
+  auto do_format(const tuple_join_view<Char, T...>& value, FormatContext& ctx,
+                 std::integral_constant<size_t, N>) const ->
+      typename FormatContext::iterator {
+    auto out = std::get<sizeof...(T) - N>(formatters_)
+                   .format(std::get<sizeof...(T) - N>(value.tuple), ctx);
+    if (N <= 1) return out;
+    out = detail::copy<Char>(value.sep, out);
+    ctx.advance_to(out);
+    return do_format(value, ctx, std::integral_constant<size_t, N - 1>());
+  }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+// Check if T has an interface like a container adaptor (e.g. std::stack,
+// std::queue, std::priority_queue).
+template <typename T> class is_container_adaptor_like {
+  template <typename U> static auto check(U* p) -> typename U::container_type;
+  template <typename> static void check(...);
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      !std::is_void<decltype(check<T>(nullptr))>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename Container> struct all {
+  const Container& c;
+  auto begin() const -> typename Container::const_iterator { return c.begin(); }
+  auto end() const -> typename Container::const_iterator { return c.end(); }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    T, Char,
+    enable_if_t<conjunction<detail::is_container_adaptor_like<T>,
+                            bool_constant<range_format_kind<T, Char>::value ==
+                                          range_format::disabled>>::value>>
+    : formatter<detail::all<typename T::container_type>, Char> {
+  using all = detail::all<typename T::container_type>;
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const T& t, FormatContext& ctx) const -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    struct getter : T {
+      static auto get(const T& t) -> all {
+        return {t.*(&getter::c)};  // Access c through the derived class.
+      }
+    };
+    return formatter<all>::format(getter::get(t), ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+/**
+ * Returns an object that formats `std::tuple` with elements separated by `sep`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     auto t = std::tuple<int, char>{1, 'a'};
+ *     fmt::print("{}", fmt::join(t, ", "));
+ *     // Output: 1, a
+ */
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_CONSTEXPR auto join(const std::tuple<T...>& tuple, string_view sep)
+    -> tuple_join_view<char, T...> {
+  return {tuple, sep};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns an object that formats `std::initializer_list` with elements
+ * separated by `sep`.
+ *
+ * **Example**:
+ *
+ *     fmt::print("{}", fmt::join({1, 2, 3}, ", "));
+ *     // Output: "1, 2, 3"
+ */
+template <typename T>
+auto join(std::initializer_list<T> list, string_view sep)
+    -> join_view<const T*, const T*> {
+  return join(std::begin(list), std::end(list), sep);
+}
+
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_RANGES_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/std.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/std.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb43940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/std.h
@@ -0,0 +1,699 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - formatters for standard library types
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_STD_H_
+#define FMT_STD_H_
+
+#include "format.h"
+#include "ostream.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <atomic>
+#  include <bitset>
+#  include <complex>
+#  include <cstdlib>
+#  include <exception>
+#  include <memory>
+#  include <thread>
+#  include <type_traits>
+#  include <typeinfo>
+#  include <utility>
+#  include <vector>
+
+// Check FMT_CPLUSPLUS to suppress a bogus warning in MSVC.
+#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L
+#    if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<filesystem>)
+#      include <filesystem>
+#    endif
+#    if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<variant>)
+#      include <variant>
+#    endif
+#    if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<optional>)
+#      include <optional>
+#    endif
+#  endif
+// Use > instead of >= in the version check because <source_location> may be
+// available after C++17 but before C++20 is marked as implemented.
+#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 201703L && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<source_location>)
+#    include <source_location>
+#  endif
+#  if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 202002L && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<expected>)
+#    include <expected>
+#  endif
+#endif  // FMT_MODULE
+
+#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<version>)
+#  include <version>
+#endif
+
+// GCC 4 does not support FMT_HAS_INCLUDE.
+#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<cxxabi.h>) || defined(__GLIBCXX__)
+#  include <cxxabi.h>
+// Android NDK with gabi++ library on some architectures does not implement
+// abi::__cxa_demangle().
+#  ifndef __GABIXX_CXXABI_H__
+#    define FMT_HAS_ABI_CXA_DEMANGLE
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+// For older Xcode versions, __cpp_lib_xxx flags are inaccurately defined.
+#ifndef FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
+#  ifdef __cpp_lib_filesystem
+#    define FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM __cpp_lib_filesystem
+#  else
+#    define FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
+#  ifdef __cpp_lib_variant
+#    define FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT __cpp_lib_variant
+#  else
+#    define FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
+auto get_path_string(const std::filesystem::path& p,
+                     const std::basic_string<PathChar>& native) {
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> && std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>)
+    return to_utf8<wchar_t>(native, to_utf8_error_policy::replace);
+  else
+    return p.string<Char>();
+}
+
+template <typename Char, typename PathChar>
+void write_escaped_path(basic_memory_buffer<Char>& quoted,
+                        const std::filesystem::path& p,
+                        const std::basic_string<PathChar>& native) {
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, char> &&
+                std::is_same_v<PathChar, wchar_t>) {
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t>();
+    write_escaped_string<wchar_t>(std::back_inserter(buf), native);
+    bool valid = to_utf8<wchar_t>::convert(quoted, {buf.data(), buf.size()});
+    FMT_ASSERT(valid, "invalid utf16");
+  } else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Char, PathChar>) {
+    write_escaped_string<std::filesystem::path::value_type>(
+        std::back_inserter(quoted), native);
+  } else {
+    write_escaped_string<Char>(std::back_inserter(quoted), p.string<Char>());
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::filesystem::path, Char> {
+ private:
+  format_specs specs_;
+  detail::arg_ref<Char> width_ref_;
+  bool debug_ = false;
+  char path_type_ = 0;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR void set_debug_format(bool set = true) { debug_ = set; }
+
+  template <typename ParseContext> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin(), end = ctx.end();
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_align(it, end, specs_);
+    if (it == end) return it;
+
+    it = detail::parse_dynamic_spec(it, end, specs_.width, width_ref_, ctx);
+    if (it != end && *it == '?') {
+      debug_ = true;
+      ++it;
+    }
+    if (it != end && (*it == 'g')) path_type_ = detail::to_ascii(*it++);
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::filesystem::path& p, FormatContext& ctx) const {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    auto path_string =
+        !path_type_ ? p.native()
+                    : p.generic_string<std::filesystem::path::value_type>();
+
+    detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width, width_ref_,
+                                                       ctx);
+    if (!debug_) {
+      auto s = detail::get_path_string<Char>(p, path_string);
+      return detail::write(ctx.out(), basic_string_view<Char>(s), specs);
+    }
+    auto quoted = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+    detail::write_escaped_path(quoted, p, path_string);
+    return detail::write(ctx.out(),
+                         basic_string_view<Char>(quoted.data(), quoted.size()),
+                         specs);
+  }
+};
+
+class path : public std::filesystem::path {
+ public:
+  auto display_string() const -> std::string {
+    const std::filesystem::path& base = *this;
+    return fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{}"), base);
+  }
+  auto system_string() const -> std::string { return string(); }
+
+  auto generic_display_string() const -> std::string {
+    const std::filesystem::path& base = *this;
+    return fmt::format(FMT_STRING("{:g}"), base);
+  }
+  auto generic_system_string() const -> std::string { return generic_string(); }
+};
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // FMT_CPP_LIB_FILESYSTEM
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <std::size_t N, typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::bitset<N>, Char> : nested_formatter<string_view> {
+ private:
+  // Functor because C++11 doesn't support generic lambdas.
+  struct writer {
+    const std::bitset<N>& bs;
+
+    template <typename OutputIt>
+    FMT_CONSTEXPR auto operator()(OutputIt out) -> OutputIt {
+      for (auto pos = N; pos > 0; --pos) {
+        out = detail::write<Char>(out, bs[pos - 1] ? Char('1') : Char('0'));
+      }
+
+      return out;
+    }
+  };
+
+ public:
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::bitset<N>& bs, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return write_padded(ctx, writer{bs});
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::thread::id, Char> : basic_ostream_formatter<Char> {};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_optional
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::optional<T>, Char,
+                 std::enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char>::value>> {
+ private:
+  formatter<T, Char> underlying_;
+  static constexpr basic_string_view<Char> optional =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, 'o', 'p', 't', 'i', 'o', 'n', 'a', 'l',
+                             '('>{};
+  static constexpr basic_string_view<Char> none =
+      detail::string_literal<Char, 'n', 'o', 'n', 'e'>{};
+
+  template <class U>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR static auto maybe_set_debug_format(U& u, bool set)
+      -> decltype(u.set_debug_format(set)) {
+    u.set_debug_format(set);
+  }
+
+  template <class U>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR static void maybe_set_debug_format(U&, ...) {}
+
+ public:
+  template <typename ParseContext> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) {
+    maybe_set_debug_format(underlying_, true);
+    return underlying_.parse(ctx);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::optional<T>& opt, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    if (!opt) return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), none);
+
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    out = detail::write<Char>(out, optional);
+    ctx.advance_to(out);
+    out = underlying_.format(*opt, ctx);
+    return detail::write(out, ')');
+  }
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // __cpp_lib_optional
+
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_expected) || FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
+auto write_escaped_alternative(OutputIt out, const T& v) -> OutputIt {
+  if constexpr (has_to_string_view<T>::value)
+    return write_escaped_string<Char>(out, detail::to_string_view(v));
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Char>) return write_escaped_char(out, v);
+  return write<Char>(out, v);
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_expected
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename E, typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::expected<T, E>, Char,
+                 std::enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char>::value &&
+                                  is_formattable<E, Char>::value>> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::expected<T, E>& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+
+    if (value.has_value()) {
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, "expected(");
+      out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, *value);
+    } else {
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, "unexpected(");
+      out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, value.error());
+    }
+    *out++ = ')';
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // __cpp_lib_expected
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_source_location
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <> struct formatter<std::source_location> {
+  template <typename ParseContext> FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::source_location& loc, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    out = detail::write(out, loc.file_name());
+    out = detail::write(out, ':');
+    out = detail::write<char>(out, loc.line());
+    out = detail::write(out, ':');
+    out = detail::write<char>(out, loc.column());
+    out = detail::write(out, ": ");
+    out = detail::write(out, loc.function_name());
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T>
+using variant_index_sequence =
+    std::make_index_sequence<std::variant_size<T>::value>;
+
+template <typename> struct is_variant_like_ : std::false_type {};
+template <typename... Types>
+struct is_variant_like_<std::variant<Types...>> : std::true_type {};
+
+// formattable element check.
+template <typename T, typename C> class is_variant_formattable_ {
+  template <std::size_t... Is>
+  static std::conjunction<
+      is_formattable<std::variant_alternative_t<Is, T>, C>...>
+      check(std::index_sequence<Is...>);
+
+ public:
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      decltype(check(variant_index_sequence<T>{}))::value;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+template <typename T> struct is_variant_like {
+  static constexpr const bool value = detail::is_variant_like_<T>::value;
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename C> struct is_variant_formattable {
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      detail::is_variant_formattable_<T, C>::value;
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::monostate, Char> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::monostate&, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(), "monostate");
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Variant, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    Variant, Char,
+    std::enable_if_t<std::conjunction_v<
+        is_variant_like<Variant>, is_variant_formattable<Variant, Char>>>> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const Variant& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+
+    out = detail::write<Char>(out, "variant(");
+    FMT_TRY {
+      std::visit(
+          [&](const auto& v) {
+            out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, v);
+          },
+          value);
+    }
+    FMT_CATCH(const std::bad_variant_access&) {
+      detail::write<Char>(out, "valueless by exception");
+    }
+    *out++ = ')';
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char> struct formatter<std::error_code, Char> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const std::error_code& ec, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+    out = detail::write_bytes<Char>(out, ec.category().name(), format_specs());
+    out = detail::write<Char>(out, Char(':'));
+    out = detail::write<Char>(out, ec.value());
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+
+#if FMT_USE_RTTI
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt>
+auto write_demangled_name(OutputIt out, const std::type_info& ti) -> OutputIt {
+#  ifdef FMT_HAS_ABI_CXA_DEMANGLE
+  int status = 0;
+  std::size_t size = 0;
+  std::unique_ptr<char, void (*)(void*)> demangled_name_ptr(
+      abi::__cxa_demangle(ti.name(), nullptr, &size, &status), &std::free);
+
+  string_view demangled_name_view;
+  if (demangled_name_ptr) {
+    demangled_name_view = demangled_name_ptr.get();
+
+    // Normalization of stdlib inline namespace names.
+    // libc++ inline namespaces.
+    //  std::__1::*       -> std::*
+    //  std::__1::__fs::* -> std::*
+    // libstdc++ inline namespaces.
+    //  std::__cxx11::*             -> std::*
+    //  std::filesystem::__cxx11::* -> std::filesystem::*
+    if (demangled_name_view.starts_with("std::")) {
+      char* begin = demangled_name_ptr.get();
+      char* to = begin + 5;  // std::
+      for (char *from = to, *end = begin + demangled_name_view.size();
+           from < end;) {
+        // This is safe, because demangled_name is NUL-terminated.
+        if (from[0] == '_' && from[1] == '_') {
+          char* next = from + 1;
+          while (next < end && *next != ':') next++;
+          if (next[0] == ':' && next[1] == ':') {
+            from = next + 2;
+            continue;
+          }
+        }
+        *to++ = *from++;
+      }
+      demangled_name_view = {begin, detail::to_unsigned(to - begin)};
+    }
+  } else {
+    demangled_name_view = string_view(ti.name());
+  }
+  return detail::write_bytes<Char>(out, demangled_name_view);
+#  elif FMT_MSC_VERSION
+  const string_view demangled_name(ti.name());
+  for (std::size_t i = 0; i < demangled_name.size(); ++i) {
+    auto sub = demangled_name;
+    sub.remove_prefix(i);
+    if (sub.starts_with("enum ")) {
+      i += 4;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sub.starts_with("class ") || sub.starts_with("union ")) {
+      i += 5;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (sub.starts_with("struct ")) {
+      i += 6;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (*sub.begin() != ' ') *out++ = *sub.begin();
+  }
+  return out;
+#  else
+  return detail::write_bytes<Char>(out, string_view(ti.name()));
+#  endif
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::type_info, Char  // DEPRECATED! Mixing code unit types.
+                 > {
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename Context>
+  auto format(const std::type_info& ti, Context& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return detail::write_demangled_name<Char>(ctx.out(), ti);
+  }
+};
+#endif
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    T, Char,  // DEPRECATED! Mixing code unit types.
+    typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<std::exception, T>::value>::type> {
+ private:
+  bool with_typename_ = false;
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    auto it = ctx.begin();
+    auto end = ctx.end();
+    if (it == end || *it == '}') return it;
+    if (*it == 't') {
+      ++it;
+      with_typename_ = FMT_USE_RTTI != 0;
+    }
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Context>
+  auto format(const std::exception& ex, Context& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+#if FMT_USE_RTTI
+    if (with_typename_) {
+      out = detail::write_demangled_name<Char>(out, typeid(ex));
+      *out++ = ':';
+      *out++ = ' ';
+    }
+#endif
+    return detail::write_bytes<Char>(out, string_view(ex.what()));
+  }
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct has_flip : std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct has_flip<T, void_t<decltype(std::declval<T>().flip())>>
+    : std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T> struct is_bit_reference_like {
+  static constexpr const bool value =
+      std::is_convertible<T, bool>::value &&
+      std::is_nothrow_assignable<T, bool>::value && has_flip<T>::value;
+};
+
+#ifdef _LIBCPP_VERSION
+
+// Workaround for libc++ incompatibility with C++ standard.
+// According to the Standard, `bitset::operator[] const` returns bool.
+template <typename C>
+struct is_bit_reference_like<std::__bit_const_reference<C>> {
+  static constexpr const bool value = true;
+};
+
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+// We can't use std::vector<bool, Allocator>::reference and
+// std::bitset<N>::reference because the compiler can't deduce Allocator and N
+// in partial specialization.
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename BitRef, typename Char>
+struct formatter<BitRef, Char,
+                 enable_if_t<detail::is_bit_reference_like<BitRef>::value>>
+    : formatter<bool, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto format(const BitRef& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return formatter<bool, Char>::format(v, ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename T, typename Deleter>
+auto ptr(const std::unique_ptr<T, Deleter>& p) -> const void* {
+  return p.get();
+}
+template <typename T> auto ptr(const std::shared_ptr<T>& p) -> const void* {
+  return p.get();
+}
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::atomic<T>, Char,
+                 enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char>::value>>
+    : formatter<T, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::atomic<T>& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return formatter<T, Char>::format(v.load(), ctx);
+  }
+};
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename Char>
+struct formatter<std::atomic_flag, Char> : formatter<bool, Char> {
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::atomic_flag& v, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    return formatter<bool, Char>::format(v.test(), ctx);
+  }
+};
+#endif  // __cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename Char> struct formatter<std::complex<T>, Char> {
+ private:
+  detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char> specs_;
+
+  template <typename FormatContext, typename OutputIt>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto do_format(const std::complex<T>& c,
+                               detail::dynamic_format_specs<Char>& specs,
+                               FormatContext& ctx, OutputIt out) const
+      -> OutputIt {
+    if (c.real() != 0) {
+      *out++ = Char('(');
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.real(), specs, ctx.locale());
+      specs.sign = sign::plus;
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.imag(), specs, ctx.locale());
+      if (!detail::isfinite(c.imag())) *out++ = Char(' ');
+      *out++ = Char('i');
+      *out++ = Char(')');
+      return out;
+    }
+    out = detail::write<Char>(out, c.imag(), specs, ctx.locale());
+    if (!detail::isfinite(c.imag())) *out++ = Char(' ');
+    *out++ = Char('i');
+    return out;
+  }
+
+ public:
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(basic_format_parse_context<Char>& ctx)
+      -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    if (ctx.begin() == ctx.end() || *ctx.begin() == '}') return ctx.begin();
+    return parse_format_specs(ctx.begin(), ctx.end(), specs_, ctx,
+                              detail::type_constant<T, Char>::value);
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::complex<T>& c, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto specs = specs_;
+    if (specs.width_ref.kind != detail::arg_id_kind::none ||
+        specs.precision_ref.kind != detail::arg_id_kind::none) {
+      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::width_checker>(specs.width,
+                                                         specs.width_ref, ctx);
+      detail::handle_dynamic_spec<detail::precision_checker>(
+          specs.precision, specs.precision_ref, ctx);
+    }
+
+    if (specs.width == 0) return do_format(c, specs, ctx, ctx.out());
+    auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+
+    auto outer_specs = format_specs();
+    outer_specs.width = specs.width;
+    outer_specs.fill = specs.fill;
+    outer_specs.align = specs.align;
+
+    specs.width = 0;
+    specs.fill = {};
+    specs.align = align::none;
+
+    do_format(c, specs, ctx, basic_appender<Char>(buf));
+    return detail::write<Char>(ctx.out(),
+                               basic_string_view<Char>(buf.data(), buf.size()),
+                               outer_specs);
+  }
+};
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // FMT_STD_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/xchar.h b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/xchar.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1f39ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/include/fmt/xchar.h
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - optional wchar_t and exotic character support
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - present, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#ifndef FMT_XCHAR_H_
+#define FMT_XCHAR_H_
+
+#include "color.h"
+#include "format.h"
+#include "ranges.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <cwchar>
+#  if !defined(FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR)
+#    include <locale>
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename T>
+using is_exotic_char = bool_constant<!std::is_same<T, char>::value>;
+
+template <typename S, typename = void> struct format_string_char {};
+
+template <typename S>
+struct format_string_char<
+    S, void_t<decltype(sizeof(detail::to_string_view(std::declval<S>())))>> {
+  using type = char_t<S>;
+};
+
+template <typename S>
+struct format_string_char<S, enable_if_t<is_compile_string<S>::value>> {
+  using type = typename S::char_type;
+};
+
+template <typename S>
+using format_string_char_t = typename format_string_char<S>::type;
+
+inline auto write_loc(basic_appender<wchar_t> out, loc_value value,
+                      const format_specs& specs, locale_ref loc) -> bool {
+#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+  auto& numpunct =
+      std::use_facet<std::numpunct<wchar_t>>(loc.get<std::locale>());
+  auto separator = std::wstring();
+  auto grouping = numpunct.grouping();
+  if (!grouping.empty()) separator = std::wstring(1, numpunct.thousands_sep());
+  return value.visit(loc_writer<wchar_t>{out, specs, separator, grouping, {}});
+#endif
+  return false;
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
+
+using wstring_view = basic_string_view<wchar_t>;
+using wformat_parse_context = basic_format_parse_context<wchar_t>;
+using wformat_context = buffered_context<wchar_t>;
+using wformat_args = basic_format_args<wformat_context>;
+using wmemory_buffer = basic_memory_buffer<wchar_t>;
+
+#if FMT_GCC_VERSION && FMT_GCC_VERSION < 409
+// Workaround broken conversion on older gcc.
+template <typename... Args> using wformat_string = wstring_view;
+inline auto runtime(wstring_view s) -> wstring_view { return s; }
+#else
+template <typename... Args>
+using wformat_string = basic_format_string<wchar_t, type_identity_t<Args>...>;
+inline auto runtime(wstring_view s) -> runtime_format_string<wchar_t> {
+  return {{s}};
+}
+#endif
+
+template <> struct is_char<wchar_t> : std::true_type {};
+template <> struct is_char<char16_t> : std::true_type {};
+template <> struct is_char<char32_t> : std::true_type {};
+
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+template <>
+struct is_char<char8_t> : bool_constant<detail::is_utf8_enabled()> {};
+#endif
+
+template <typename... T>
+constexpr auto make_wformat_args(T&... args)
+    -> decltype(fmt::make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...)) {
+  return fmt::make_format_args<wformat_context>(args...);
+}
+
+inline namespace literals {
+#if FMT_USE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS && !FMT_USE_NONTYPE_TEMPLATE_ARGS
+constexpr auto operator""_a(const wchar_t* s, size_t)
+    -> detail::udl_arg<wchar_t> {
+  return {s};
+}
+#endif
+}  // namespace literals
+
+template <typename It, typename Sentinel>
+auto join(It begin, Sentinel end, wstring_view sep)
+    -> join_view<It, Sentinel, wchar_t> {
+  return {begin, end, sep};
+}
+
+template <typename Range>
+auto join(Range&& range, wstring_view sep)
+    -> join_view<detail::iterator_t<Range>, detail::sentinel_t<Range>,
+                 wchar_t> {
+  return join(std::begin(range), std::end(range), sep);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+auto join(std::initializer_list<T> list, wstring_view sep)
+    -> join_view<const T*, const T*, wchar_t> {
+  return join(std::begin(list), std::end(list), sep);
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+auto join(const std::tuple<T...>& tuple, basic_string_view<wchar_t> sep)
+    -> tuple_join_view<wchar_t, T...> {
+  return {tuple, sep};
+}
+
+template <typename Char, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value)>
+auto vformat(basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+             typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, format_str, args);
+  return to_string(buf);
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+auto format(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) -> std::wstring {
+  return vformat(fmt::wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename... T>
+auto format_to(OutputIt out, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  return vformat_to(out, fmt::wstring_view(fmt),
+                    fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+// Pass char_t as a default template parameter instead of using
+// std::basic_string<char_t<S>> to reduce the symbol size.
+template <typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value)>
+auto format(const S& format_str, T&&... args) -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  return vformat(detail::to_string_view(format_str),
+                 fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, typename S,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value&&
+                            detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto vformat(const Locale& loc, const S& format_str,
+                    typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  return detail::vformat(loc, detail::to_string_view(format_str), args);
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_locale<Locale>::value&&
+                            detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto format(const Locale& loc, const S& format_str, T&&... args)
+    -> std::basic_string<Char> {
+  return detail::vformat(
+      loc, detail::to_string_view(format_str),
+      fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const S& format_str,
+                typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args) -> OutputIt {
+  auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<Char>(out);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(format_str), args);
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<Char, char>::value &&
+                        !std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value)>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> OutputIt {
+  return vformat_to(out, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
+                    fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename Locale, typename S, typename OutputIt, typename... Args,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_locale<Locale>::value&&
+                                detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto vformat_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc, const S& format_str,
+                       typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> OutputIt {
+  auto&& buf = detail::get_buffer<Char>(out);
+  vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(format_str), args,
+             detail::locale_ref(loc));
+  return detail::get_iterator(buf, out);
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Locale, typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          bool enable = detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value &&
+                        detail::is_locale<Locale>::value &&
+                        detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value>
+inline auto format_to(OutputIt out, const Locale& loc, const S& format_str,
+                      T&&... args) ->
+    typename std::enable_if<enable, OutputIt>::type {
+  return vformat_to(out, loc, detail::to_string_view(format_str),
+                    fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename Char, typename... Args,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto vformat_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n,
+                         basic_string_view<Char> format_str,
+                         typename detail::vformat_args<Char>::type args)
+    -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
+  using traits = detail::fixed_buffer_traits;
+  auto buf = detail::iterator_buffer<OutputIt, Char, traits>(out, n);
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, format_str, args);
+  return {buf.out(), buf.count()};
+}
+
+template <typename OutputIt, typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_output_iterator<OutputIt, Char>::value&&
+                            detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto format_to_n(OutputIt out, size_t n, const S& fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> format_to_n_result<OutputIt> {
+  return vformat_to_n(out, n, fmt::basic_string_view<Char>(fmt),
+                      fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename S, typename... T,
+          typename Char = detail::format_string_char_t<S>,
+          FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_exotic_char<Char>::value)>
+inline auto formatted_size(const S& fmt, T&&... args) -> size_t {
+  auto buf = detail::counting_buffer<Char>();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, detail::to_string_view(fmt),
+                     fmt::make_format_args<buffered_context<Char>>(args...));
+  return buf.count();
+}
+
+inline void vprint(std::FILE* f, wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args) {
+  auto buf = wmemory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, fmt, args);
+  buf.push_back(L'\0');
+  if (std::fputws(buf.data(), f) == -1)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
+}
+
+inline void vprint(wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args) {
+  vprint(stdout, fmt, args);
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+void print(std::FILE* f, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return vprint(f, wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... T> void print(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return vprint(wstring_view(fmt), fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+void println(std::FILE* f, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return print(f, L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
+}
+
+template <typename... T> void println(wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args) {
+  return print(L"{}\n", fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<T>(args)...));
+}
+
+inline auto vformat(const text_style& ts, wstring_view fmt, wformat_args args)
+    -> std::wstring {
+  auto buf = wmemory_buffer();
+  detail::vformat_to(buf, ts, fmt, args);
+  return fmt::to_string(buf);
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+inline auto format(const text_style& ts, wformat_string<T...> fmt, T&&... args)
+    -> std::wstring {
+  return fmt::vformat(ts, fmt, fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_DEPRECATED void print(std::FILE* f, const text_style& ts,
+                          wformat_string<T...> fmt, const T&... args) {
+  vprint(f, ts, fmt, fmt::make_wformat_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... T>
+FMT_DEPRECATED void print(const text_style& ts, wformat_string<T...> fmt,
+                          const T&... args) {
+  return print(stdout, ts, fmt, args...);
+}
+
+/// Converts `value` to `std::wstring` using the default format for type `T`.
+template <typename T> inline auto to_wstring(const T& value) -> std::wstring {
+  return format(FMT_STRING(L"{}"), value);
+}
+FMT_END_EXPORT
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+
+#endif  // FMT_XCHAR_H_
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/fmt.cc b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/fmt.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb514ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/fmt.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+module;
+
+// Put all implementation-provided headers into the global module fragment
+// to prevent attachment to this module.
+#ifndef FMT_IMPORT_STD
+#  include <algorithm>
+#  include <bitset>
+#  include <chrono>
+#  include <cmath>
+#  include <complex>
+#  include <cstddef>
+#  include <cstdint>
+#  include <cstdio>
+#  include <cstdlib>
+#  include <cstring>
+#  include <ctime>
+#  include <exception>
+#  include <expected>
+#  include <filesystem>
+#  include <fstream>
+#  include <functional>
+#  include <iterator>
+#  include <limits>
+#  include <locale>
+#  include <memory>
+#  include <optional>
+#  include <ostream>
+#  include <source_location>
+#  include <stdexcept>
+#  include <string>
+#  include <string_view>
+#  include <system_error>
+#  include <thread>
+#  include <type_traits>
+#  include <typeinfo>
+#  include <utility>
+#  include <variant>
+#  include <vector>
+#else
+#  include <limits.h>
+#  include <stdint.h>
+#  include <stdio.h>
+#  include <time.h>
+#endif
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <climits>
+#include <version>
+
+#if __has_include(<cxxabi.h>)
+#  include <cxxabi.h>
+#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
+#  include <intrin.h>
+#endif
+#if defined __APPLE__ || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#  include <xlocale.h>
+#endif
+#if __has_include(<winapifamily.h>)
+#  include <winapifamily.h>
+#endif
+#if (__has_include(<fcntl.h>) || defined(__APPLE__) || \
+     defined(__linux__)) &&                            \
+    (!defined(WINAPI_FAMILY) || (WINAPI_FAMILY == WINAPI_FAMILY_DESKTOP_APP))
+#  include <fcntl.h>
+#  include <sys/stat.h>
+#  include <sys/types.h>
+#  ifndef _WIN32
+#    include <unistd.h>
+#  else
+#    include <io.h>
+#  endif
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  if defined(__GLIBCXX__)
+#    include <ext/stdio_filebuf.h>
+#    include <ext/stdio_sync_filebuf.h>
+#  endif
+#  define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#  include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+export module fmt;
+
+#ifdef FMT_IMPORT_STD
+import std;
+#endif
+
+#define FMT_EXPORT export
+#define FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT export {
+#define FMT_END_EXPORT }
+
+// If you define FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
+//  - all declarations are detached from module 'fmt'
+//  - the module behaves like a traditional static library, too
+//  - all library symbols are mangled traditionally
+//  - you can mix TUs with either importing or #including the {fmt} API
+#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
+extern "C++" {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FMT_OS
+#  define FMT_OS 1
+#endif
+
+// All library-provided declarations and definitions must be in the module
+// purview to be exported.
+#include "fmt/args.h"
+#include "fmt/chrono.h"
+#include "fmt/color.h"
+#include "fmt/compile.h"
+#include "fmt/format.h"
+#if FMT_OS
+#  include "fmt/os.h"
+#endif
+#include "fmt/ostream.h"
+#include "fmt/printf.h"
+#include "fmt/ranges.h"
+#include "fmt/std.h"
+#include "fmt/xchar.h"
+
+#ifdef FMT_ATTACH_TO_GLOBAL_MODULE
+}
+#endif
+
+// gcc doesn't yet implement private module fragments
+#if !FMT_GCC_VERSION
+module :private;
+#endif
+
+#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("format.cc")
+#  include "format.cc"
+#endif
+#if FMT_OS && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE("os.cc")
+#  include "os.cc"
+#endif
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/format.cc b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/format.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..391d3a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/format.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Formatting library for C++
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+#include "fmt/format-inl.h"
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(float x) noexcept
+    -> dragonbox::decimal_fp<float>;
+template FMT_API auto dragonbox::to_decimal(double x) noexcept
+    -> dragonbox::decimal_fp<double>;
+
+#ifndef FMT_STATIC_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR
+template FMT_API locale_ref::locale_ref(const std::locale& loc);
+template FMT_API auto locale_ref::get<std::locale>() const -> std::locale;
+#endif
+
+// Explicit instantiations for char.
+
+template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
+    -> thousands_sep_result<char>;
+template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> char;
+
+template FMT_API void buffer<char>::append(const char*, const char*);
+
+template FMT_API void vformat_to(buffer<char>&, string_view,
+                                 typename vformat_args<>::type, locale_ref);
+
+// Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
+
+template FMT_API auto thousands_sep_impl(locale_ref)
+    -> thousands_sep_result<wchar_t>;
+template FMT_API auto decimal_point_impl(locale_ref) -> wchar_t;
+
+template FMT_API void buffer<wchar_t>::append(const wchar_t*, const wchar_t*);
+
+}  // namespace detail
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/os.cc b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/os.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2736649
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/cpp/deps/fmt-11.0.2/src/os.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+// Formatting library for C++ - optional OS-specific functionality
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// For the license information refer to format.h.
+
+// Disable bogus MSVC warnings.
+#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS) && defined(_MSC_VER)
+#  define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+#endif
+
+#include "fmt/os.h"
+
+#ifndef FMT_MODULE
+#  include <climits>
+
+#  if FMT_USE_FCNTL
+#    include <sys/stat.h>
+#    include <sys/types.h>
+
+#    ifdef _WRS_KERNEL    // VxWorks7 kernel
+#      include <ioLib.h>  // getpagesize
+#    endif
+
+#    ifndef _WIN32
+#      include <unistd.h>
+#    else
+#      ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#        define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#      endif
+#      include <io.h>
+#    endif  // _WIN32
+#  endif    // FMT_USE_FCNTL
+
+#  ifdef _WIN32
+#    include <windows.h>
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  ifndef S_IRUSR
+#    define S_IRUSR _S_IREAD
+#  endif
+#  ifndef S_IWUSR
+#    define S_IWUSR _S_IWRITE
+#  endif
+#  ifndef S_IRGRP
+#    define S_IRGRP 0
+#  endif
+#  ifndef S_IWGRP
+#    define S_IWGRP 0
+#  endif
+#  ifndef S_IROTH
+#    define S_IROTH 0
+#  endif
+#  ifndef S_IWOTH
+#    define S_IWOTH 0
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+namespace {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+// Return type of read and write functions.
+using rwresult = int;
+
+// On Windows the count argument to read and write is unsigned, so convert
+// it from size_t preventing integer overflow.
+inline unsigned convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) {
+  return count <= UINT_MAX ? static_cast<unsigned>(count) : UINT_MAX;
+}
+#elif FMT_USE_FCNTL
+// Return type of read and write functions.
+using rwresult = ssize_t;
+
+inline std::size_t convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) { return count; }
+#endif
+}  // namespace
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+namespace detail {
+
+class system_message {
+  system_message(const system_message&) = delete;
+  void operator=(const system_message&) = delete;
+
+  unsigned long result_;
+  wchar_t* message_;
+
+  static bool is_whitespace(wchar_t c) noexcept {
+    return c == L' ' || c == L'\n' || c == L'\r' || c == L'\t' || c == L'\0';
+  }
+
+ public:
+  explicit system_message(unsigned long error_code)
+      : result_(0), message_(nullptr) {
+    result_ = FormatMessageW(
+        FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
+            FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
+        nullptr, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
+        reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(&message_), 0, nullptr);
+    if (result_ != 0) {
+      while (result_ != 0 && is_whitespace(message_[result_ - 1])) {
+        --result_;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  ~system_message() { LocalFree(message_); }
+  explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return result_ != 0; }
+  operator basic_string_view<wchar_t>() const noexcept {
+    return basic_string_view<wchar_t>(message_, result_);
+  }
+};
+
+class utf8_system_category final : public std::error_category {
+ public:
+  const char* name() const noexcept override { return "system"; }
+  std::string message(int error_code) const override {
+    auto&& msg = system_message(error_code);
+    if (msg) {
+      auto utf8_message = to_utf8<wchar_t>();
+      if (utf8_message.convert(msg)) {
+        return utf8_message.str();
+      }
+    }
+    return "unknown error";
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_API const std::error_category& system_category() noexcept {
+  static const detail::utf8_system_category category;
+  return category;
+}
+
+std::system_error vwindows_error(int err_code, string_view format_str,
+                                 format_args args) {
+  auto ec = std::error_code(err_code, system_category());
+  return std::system_error(ec, vformat(format_str, args));
+}
+
+void detail::format_windows_error(detail::buffer<char>& out, int error_code,
+                                  const char* message) noexcept {
+  FMT_TRY {
+    auto&& msg = system_message(error_code);
+    if (msg) {
+      auto utf8_message = to_utf8<wchar_t>();
+      if (utf8_message.convert(msg)) {
+        fmt::format_to(appender(out), FMT_STRING("{}: {}"), message,
+                       string_view(utf8_message));
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  FMT_CATCH(...) {}
+  format_error_code(out, error_code, message);
+}
+
+void report_windows_error(int error_code, const char* message) noexcept {
+  report_error(detail::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
+}
+#endif  // _WIN32
+
+buffered_file::~buffered_file() noexcept {
+  if (file_ && FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_)) != 0)
+    report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
+}
+
+buffered_file::buffered_file(cstring_view filename, cstring_view mode) {
+  FMT_RETRY_VAL(file_, FMT_SYSTEM(fopen(filename.c_str(), mode.c_str())),
+                nullptr);
+  if (!file_)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"),
+                           filename.c_str()));
+}
+
+void buffered_file::close() {
+  if (!file_) return;
+  int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
+  file_ = nullptr;
+  if (result != 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot close file")));
+}
+
+int buffered_file::descriptor() const {
+#ifdef FMT_HAS_SYSTEM
+  // fileno is a macro on OpenBSD.
+#  ifdef fileno
+#    undef fileno
+#  endif
+  int fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fileno(file_));
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+  int fd = _fileno(file_);
+#else
+  int fd = fileno(file_);
+#endif
+  if (fd == -1)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get file descriptor")));
+  return fd;
+}
+
+#if FMT_USE_FCNTL
+#  ifdef _WIN32
+using mode_t = int;
+#  endif
+
+constexpr mode_t default_open_mode =
+    S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IROTH | S_IWOTH;
+
+file::file(cstring_view path, int oflag) {
+#  if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+  fd_ = -1;
+  auto converted = detail::utf8_to_utf16(string_view(path.c_str()));
+  *this = file::open_windows_file(converted.c_str(), oflag);
+#  else
+  FMT_RETRY(fd_, FMT_POSIX_CALL(open(path.c_str(), oflag, default_open_mode)));
+  if (fd_ == -1)
+    FMT_THROW(
+        system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"), path.c_str()));
+#  endif
+}
+
+file::~file() noexcept {
+  // Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
+  // See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
+  if (fd_ != -1 && FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_)) != 0)
+    report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
+}
+
+void file::close() {
+  if (fd_ == -1) return;
+  // Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
+  // See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
+  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_));
+  fd_ = -1;
+  if (result != 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot close file")));
+}
+
+long long file::size() const {
+#  ifdef _WIN32
+  // Use GetFileSize instead of GetFileSizeEx for the case when _WIN32_WINNT
+  // is less than 0x0500 as is the case with some default MinGW builds.
+  // Both functions support large file sizes.
+  DWORD size_upper = 0;
+  HANDLE handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(_get_osfhandle(fd_));
+  DWORD size_lower = FMT_SYSTEM(GetFileSize(handle, &size_upper));
+  if (size_lower == INVALID_FILE_SIZE) {
+    DWORD error = GetLastError();
+    if (error != NO_ERROR)
+      FMT_THROW(windows_error(GetLastError(), "cannot get file size"));
+  }
+  unsigned long long long_size = size_upper;
+  return (long_size << sizeof(DWORD) * CHAR_BIT) | size_lower;
+#  else
+  using Stat = struct stat;
+  Stat file_stat = Stat();
+  if (FMT_POSIX_CALL(fstat(fd_, &file_stat)) == -1)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get file attributes")));
+  static_assert(sizeof(long long) >= sizeof(file_stat.st_size),
+                "return type of file::size is not large enough");
+  return file_stat.st_size;
+#  endif
+}
+
+std::size_t file::read(void* buffer, std::size_t count) {
+  rwresult result = 0;
+  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(read(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
+  if (result < 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot read from file")));
+  return detail::to_unsigned(result);
+}
+
+std::size_t file::write(const void* buffer, std::size_t count) {
+  rwresult result = 0;
+  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(write(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
+  if (result < 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot write to file")));
+  return detail::to_unsigned(result);
+}
+
+file file::dup(int fd) {
+  // Don't retry as dup doesn't return EINTR.
+  // http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/dup.html
+  int new_fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup(fd));
+  if (new_fd == -1)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(
+        errno, FMT_STRING("cannot duplicate file descriptor {}"), fd));
+  return file(new_fd);
+}
+
+void file::dup2(int fd) {
+  int result = 0;
+  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
+  if (result == -1) {
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(
+        errno, FMT_STRING("cannot duplicate file descriptor {} to {}"), fd_,
+        fd));
+  }
+}
+
+void file::dup2(int fd, std::error_code& ec) noexcept {
+  int result = 0;
+  FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
+  if (result == -1) ec = std::error_code(errno, std::generic_category());
+}
+
+buffered_file file::fdopen(const char* mode) {
+// Don't retry as fdopen doesn't return EINTR.
+#  if defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(_POSIX_)
+  FILE* f = ::fdopen(fd_, mode);
+#  else
+  FILE* f = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fdopen(fd_, mode));
+#  endif
+  if (!f) {
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(
+        errno, FMT_STRING("cannot associate stream with file descriptor")));
+  }
+  buffered_file bf(f);
+  fd_ = -1;
+  return bf;
+}
+
+#  if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
+file file::open_windows_file(wcstring_view path, int oflag) {
+  int fd = -1;
+  auto err = _wsopen_s(&fd, path.c_str(), oflag, _SH_DENYNO, default_open_mode);
+  if (fd == -1) {
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(err, FMT_STRING("cannot open file {}"),
+                           detail::to_utf8<wchar_t>(path.c_str()).c_str()));
+  }
+  return file(fd);
+}
+#  endif
+
+pipe::pipe() {
+  int fds[2] = {};
+#  ifdef _WIN32
+  // Make the default pipe capacity same as on Linux 2.6.11+.
+  enum { DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 65536 };
+  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds, DEFAULT_CAPACITY, _O_BINARY));
+#  else
+  // Don't retry as the pipe function doesn't return EINTR.
+  // http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009696799/functions/pipe.html
+  int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds));
+#  endif
+  if (result != 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot create pipe")));
+  // The following assignments don't throw.
+  read_end = file(fds[0]);
+  write_end = file(fds[1]);
+}
+
+#  if !defined(__MSDOS__)
+long getpagesize() {
+#    ifdef _WIN32
+  SYSTEM_INFO si;
+  GetSystemInfo(&si);
+  return si.dwPageSize;
+#    else
+#      ifdef _WRS_KERNEL
+  long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(getpagesize());
+#      else
+  long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
+#      endif
+
+  if (size < 0)
+    FMT_THROW(system_error(errno, FMT_STRING("cannot get memory page size")));
+  return size;
+#    endif
+}
+#  endif
+
+namespace detail {
+
+void file_buffer::grow(buffer<char>& buf, size_t) {
+  if (buf.size() == buf.capacity()) static_cast<file_buffer&>(buf).flush();
+}
+
+file_buffer::file_buffer(cstring_view path, const ostream_params& params)
+    : buffer<char>(grow), file_(path, params.oflag) {
+  set(new char[params.buffer_size], params.buffer_size);
+}
+
+file_buffer::file_buffer(file_buffer&& other) noexcept
+    : buffer<char>(grow, other.data(), other.size(), other.capacity()),
+      file_(std::move(other.file_)) {
+  other.clear();
+  other.set(nullptr, 0);
+}
+
+file_buffer::~file_buffer() {
+  flush();
+  delete[] data();
+}
+}  // namespace detail
+
+ostream::~ostream() = default;
+#endif  // FMT_USE_FCNTL
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ActivityExtends.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ActivityExtends.kt
index 55c5c37..59728fd 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ActivityExtends.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ActivityExtends.kt
@@ -74,9 +74,28 @@ fun <T> T.loadConfig() where T : Activity, T : IHasConfigItems {
     } catch (e: SerializationException) {
         ProgramConfig()
     }
+    if (programConfig.useAPIAssetsURL.isEmpty()) {
+        programConfig.useAPIAssetsURL = getString(R.string.default_assets_check_api)
+    }
 }
 
 fun <T> T.onClickStartGame() where T : Activity, T : IHasConfigItems {
+    val lastStartPluginVersionFile = File(filesDir, "lastStartPluginVersion.txt")
+    val lastStartPluginVersion = if (lastStartPluginVersionFile.exists()) {
+        lastStartPluginVersionFile.readText()
+    }
+    else {
+        "null"
+    }
+    val packInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, 0)
+    val version = packInfo.versionName
+    val versionCode = packInfo.longVersionCode
+    val currentPluginVersion = "$version ($versionCode)"
+    if (lastStartPluginVersion != currentPluginVersion) {  // 插件版本更新,强制启用资源更新检查
+        lastStartPluginVersionFile.writeText(currentPluginVersion)
+        programConfig.checkBuiltInAssets = true
+    }
+
     val intent = Intent().apply {
         setClassName(
             "com.bandainamcoent.idolmaster_gakuen",
@@ -85,17 +104,29 @@ fun <T> T.onClickStartGame() where T : Activity, T : IHasConfigItems {
         putExtra("gkmsData", getConfigContent())
         putExtra(
             "localData",
-            getProgramConfigContent(listOf("transRemoteZipUrl", "p"), programConfig)
+            getProgramConfigContent(listOf("transRemoteZipUrl", "useAPIAssetsURL",
+                "localAPIAssetsVersion", "p"), programConfig)
         )
         flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
     }
 
     val updateFile = File(filesDir, "update_trans.zip")
-    if (updateFile.exists()) {
+    val updateAPIFile = File(filesDir, "remote_files/remote.zip")
+    val targetFile = if (programConfig.useAPIAssets && updateAPIFile.exists()) {
+        updateAPIFile
+    }
+    else if (programConfig.useRemoteAssets && updateFile.exists()) {
+        updateFile
+    }
+    else {
+        null
+    }
+
+    if (targetFile != null) {
         val dirUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
             this,
             "io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.fileprovider",
-            File(updateFile.absolutePath)
+            File(targetFile.absolutePath)
         )
         intent.setDataAndType(dirUri, "resource/file")
         intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION or Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ConfigUpdateListener.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ConfigUpdateListener.kt
index 1281bfe..4c2bf32 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ConfigUpdateListener.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ConfigUpdateListener.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify
 
+import android.util.Log
 import android.view.KeyEvent
 import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
 import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ProgramConfigViewModelFactory
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
 
 
 interface ConfigListener {
@@ -62,7 +64,14 @@ interface ConfigListener {
     fun mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(downloadAbleState: Boolean? = null,
                                      downloadProgressState: Float? = null,
                                      localResourceVersionState: String? = null,
-                                     errorString: String? = null)
+                                     errorString: String? = null,
+                                     localAPIResourceVersion: String? = null)
+    fun onPUseAPIAssetsChanged(value: Boolean)
+    fun onPUseAPIAssetsURLChanged(s: CharSequence, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int)
+    fun mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow: Boolean? = null, title: String? = null,
+                                content: String? = null,
+                                onConfirm: (() -> Unit)? = { mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow = false) },
+                                onCancel: (() -> Unit)? = { mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow = false) })
 }
 
 class UserConfigViewModelFactory(private val initialValue: GakumasConfig) : ViewModelProvider.Factory {
@@ -503,16 +512,29 @@ interface ConfigUpdateListener: ConfigListener, IHasConfigItems {
 
     override fun onPCheckBuiltInAssetsChanged(value: Boolean) {
         programConfig.checkBuiltInAssets = value
+        if (value) {
+            programConfig.cleanLocalAssets = false
+        }
         saveProgramConfig()
     }
 
     override fun onPUseRemoteAssetsChanged(value: Boolean) {
         programConfig.useRemoteAssets = value
+        if (value) {
+            programConfig.checkBuiltInAssets = false
+            programConfig.cleanLocalAssets = false
+            programConfig.useAPIAssets = false
+        }
         saveProgramConfig()
     }
 
     override fun onPCleanLocalAssetsChanged(value: Boolean) {
         programConfig.cleanLocalAssets = value
+        if (value) {
+            programConfig.useRemoteAssets = false
+            programConfig.useAPIAssets = false
+            programConfig.checkBuiltInAssets = false
+        }
         saveProgramConfig()
     }
 
@@ -527,10 +549,59 @@ interface ConfigUpdateListener: ConfigListener, IHasConfigItems {
     }
 
     override fun mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(downloadAbleState: Boolean?, downloadProgressState: Float?,
-                                              localResourceVersionState: String?, errorString: String?) {
-        downloadAbleState?.let { programConfigViewModel.downloadAbleState.value = downloadAbleState }
-        downloadProgressState?.let{ programConfigViewModel.downloadProgressState.value = downloadProgressState }
-        localResourceVersionState?.let{ programConfigViewModel.localResourceVersionState.value = localResourceVersionState }
-        errorString?.let{ programConfigViewModel.errorStringState.value = errorString }
+                                              localResourceVersionState: String?, errorString: String?,
+                                              localAPIResourceVersion: String?) {
+        downloadAbleState?.let { programConfigViewModel.downloadAbleState.value = it }
+        downloadProgressState?.let{ programConfigViewModel.downloadProgressState.value = it }
+        localResourceVersionState?.let{ programConfigViewModel.localResourceVersionState.value = it }
+        errorString?.let{ programConfigViewModel.errorStringState.value = it }
+        localAPIResourceVersion?.let{ programConfigViewModel.localAPIResourceVersionState.value = it }
+    }
+
+    override fun onPUseAPIAssetsChanged(value: Boolean) {
+        programConfig.useAPIAssets = value
+        if (value) {
+            programConfig.checkBuiltInAssets = false
+            programConfig.useRemoteAssets = false
+            programConfig.cleanLocalAssets = false
+        }
+        saveProgramConfig()
+    }
+
+    override fun onPUseAPIAssetsURLChanged(s: CharSequence, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) {
+        programConfig.useAPIAssetsURL = s.toString()
+        saveProgramConfig()
+    }
+
+    override fun mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow: Boolean?, title: String?, content: String?,
+        onConfirm: (() -> Unit)?, onCancel: (() -> Unit)?
+    ) {
+        val orig = programConfigViewModel.mainUIConfirmState.value
+        isShow?.let {
+            if (orig.isShow && it) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Duplicate mainUIConfirmStat")
+            }
+            orig.isShow = it
+        }
+        title?.let { orig.title = it }
+        content?.let { orig.content = it }
+        onConfirm?.let { orig.onConfirm = {
+            try {
+                it()
+            }
+            finally {
+                mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow = false)
+            }
+        } }
+        onCancel?.let { orig.onCancel = {
+            try {
+                it()
+            }
+            finally {
+                mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(isShow = false)
+            }
+        } }
+        orig.p = false
+        programConfigViewModel.mainUIConfirmState.value = orig.copy(p = true)
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/GakumasHookMain.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/GakumasHookMain.kt
index 0ebf25e..ee44a0f 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/GakumasHookMain.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/GakumasHookMain.kt
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import java.io.File
 import java.util.Locale
 import kotlin.system.measureTimeMillis
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.FileHotUpdater
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.FilesChecker.localizationFilesDir
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.json
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.NativeInitProgress
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ProgramConfig
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ class GakumasHookMain : IXposedHookLoadPackage, IXposedHookZygoteInit {
             }
 
             // 使用热更新文件
-            if (programConfig?.useRemoteAssets == true) {
+            if ((programConfig?.useRemoteAssets == true) || (programConfig?.useAPIAssets == true)) {
                 val dataUri = intent.data
                 if (dataUri != null) {
                     if (!externalFilesChecked) {
@@ -290,6 +291,13 @@ class GakumasHookMain : IXposedHookLoadPackage, IXposedHookZygoteInit {
                             programConfig.delRemoteAfterUpdate)
                     }
                 }
+                else if (programConfig.useAPIAssets) {
+                    if (!File(activity.filesDir, localizationFilesDir).exists() &&
+                        (initConfig?.forceExportResource == false)) {
+                        // 使用 API 资源,不检查内置,API 资源无效,且游戏内没有插件数据时,释放内置数据
+                        FilesChecker.initAndCheck(activity.filesDir, modulePath)
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             loadConfig(gkmsData)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/MainActivity.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/MainActivity.kt
index 3bbc159..1740d76 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/MainActivity.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/MainActivity.kt
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@ import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProvider
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.FileHotUpdater
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.FilesChecker
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.MainKeyEventDispatcher
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.RemoteAPIFilesChecker
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.ShizukuApi
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.json
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ConfirmStateModel
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.GakumasConfig
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ProgramConfig
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ProgramConfigViewModel
@@ -44,6 +47,11 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity(), ConfigUpdateListener, IConfigurableAct
         Toast.makeText(this, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
     }
 
+    fun gotoPatchActivity() {
+        val intent = Intent(this, PatchActivity::class.java)
+        startActivity(intent)
+    }
+
     override fun saveConfig() {
         try {
             config.pf = false
@@ -76,6 +84,10 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity(), ConfigUpdateListener, IConfigurableAct
             val stream = assets.open("${FilesChecker.localizationFilesDir}/version.txt")
             resVersionText = FilesChecker.convertToString(stream)
 
+            if (programConfig.useAPIAssets) {
+                RemoteAPIFilesChecker.getLocalVersion(this)?.let { resVersionText = it }
+            }
+
             val packInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(packageName, 0)
             val version = packInfo.versionName
             val versionCode = packInfo.longVersionCode
@@ -122,6 +134,8 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity(), ConfigUpdateListener, IConfigurableAct
         )
         programConfigViewModel = ViewModelProvider(this, programConfigFactory)[ProgramConfigViewModel::class.java]
 
+        ShizukuApi.init()
+
         setContent {
             GakumasLocalifyTheme(dynamicColor = false, darkTheme = false) {
                 MainUI(context = this)
@@ -186,6 +200,17 @@ fun getProgramLocalResourceVersionState(context: MainActivity?): State<String> {
     }
 }
 
+@Composable
+fun getProgramLocalAPIResourceVersionState(context: MainActivity?): State<String> {
+    return if (context != null) {
+        context.programConfigViewModel.localAPIResourceVersion.collectAsState()
+    }
+    else {
+        val configMSF = MutableStateFlow("null")
+        configMSF.asStateFlow().collectAsState()
+    }
+}
+
 @Composable
 fun getProgramDownloadErrorStringState(context: MainActivity?): State<String> {
     return if (context != null) {
@@ -196,3 +221,14 @@ fun getProgramDownloadErrorStringState(context: MainActivity?): State<String> {
         configMSF.asStateFlow().collectAsState()
     }
 }
+
+@Composable
+fun getMainUIConfirmState(context: MainActivity?, previewData: ConfirmStateModel? = null): State<ConfirmStateModel> {
+    return if (context != null) {
+        context.programConfigViewModel.mainUIConfirm.collectAsState()
+    }
+    else {
+        val configMSF = MutableStateFlow(previewData ?: ConfirmStateModel())
+        configMSF.asStateFlow().collectAsState()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/PatchActivity.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/PatchActivity.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..037ebdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/PatchActivity.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,489 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.os.Bundle
+import android.os.Environment
+import android.provider.OpenableColumns
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
+import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.core.content.FileProvider
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.IOnShell
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.LSPatchUtils
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.ShizukuApi
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.ShizukuShell
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.InstallDiag
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages.PatchPage
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.theme.GakumasLocalifyTheme
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import org.lsposed.patch.LSPatch
+import org.lsposed.patch.util.Logger
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.FileOutputStream
+import java.io.InputStream
+import java.io.OutputStream
+import java.nio.file.Files
+import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions
+
+
+interface PatchCallback {
+    fun onLog(message: String, isError: Boolean = false)
+    fun onSuccess(outFiles: List<File>)
+    fun onFailed(msg: String, exception: Throwable? = null)
+}
+
+val patchTag = "${TAG}-Patcher"
+
+
+open class PatchLogger : Logger() {
+    override fun d(msg: String) {
+        if (this.verbose) {
+            Log.d(patchTag, msg)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun i(msg: String) {
+        Log.i(patchTag, msg)
+    }
+
+    override fun e(msg: String) {
+        Log.e(patchTag, msg)
+    }
+}
+
+
+class LSPatchExt(outputDir: String, isDebuggable: Boolean, localMode: Boolean, logger: Logger) : LSPatch(logger, "123.apk --debuggable --manager -l 2") {
+    init {
+        val parentClass = LSPatch::class.java
+        // val apkPathsField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("apkPaths")
+        val outputPathField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("outputPath")
+        val forceOverwriteField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("forceOverwrite")
+        val debuggableFlagField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("debuggableFlag")
+        val useManagerField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("useManager")
+
+        // apkPathsField.isAccessible = true
+        outputPathField.isAccessible = true
+        forceOverwriteField.isAccessible = true
+        debuggableFlagField.isAccessible = true
+        useManagerField.isAccessible = true
+
+        // apkPathsField.set(this, apkPaths)
+        forceOverwriteField.set(this, true)
+        outputPathField.set(this, outputDir)
+        debuggableFlagField.set(this, isDebuggable)
+        useManagerField.set(this, localMode)
+    }
+
+    fun setModules(modules: List<String>) {
+        val parentClass = LSPatch::class.java
+        val modulesField = parentClass.getDeclaredField("modules")
+        modulesField.isAccessible = true
+        modulesField.set(this, modules)
+    }
+}
+
+
+class PatchActivity : ComponentActivity() {
+    private lateinit var outputDir: String
+    private var mOutFiles: List<File> = listOf()
+    private var reservePatchFiles: Boolean = false
+    var patchCallback: PatchCallback? = null
+
+    private fun handleSelectedFile(uri: Uri) {
+        val fileName = uri.path?.substringAfterLast('/')
+        if (fileName != null) {
+            Log.d(patchTag, fileName)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
+        outputDir = "${filesDir.absolutePath}/output"
+        // ShizukuApi.init()
+
+        setContent {
+            GakumasLocalifyTheme(dynamicColor = false, darkTheme = false) {
+                val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
+                var installing by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+
+                PatchPage() { apks, isPatchLocalMode, isPatchDebuggable, isReservePatchFiles, onFinish, onLog ->
+                    reservePatchFiles = isReservePatchFiles
+
+                    onClickPatch(apks, isPatchLocalMode, isPatchDebuggable, object : PatchCallback {
+                        init {
+                            patchCallback = this
+                        }
+
+                        override fun onLog(message: String, isError: Boolean) {
+                            onLog(message, isError)
+                        }
+
+                        override fun onSuccess(outFiles: List<File>) {
+                            // Handle success, e.g., notify user or update UI
+                            Log.i(patchTag, "Patch succeeded: $outFiles")
+                            onLog("Patch succeeded: $outFiles")
+                            onFinish()
+
+                            scope.launch {
+                                mOutFiles = outFiles
+                                installing = true
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        override fun onFailed(msg: String, exception: Throwable?) {
+                            Log.i(patchTag, "Patch failed: $msg", exception)
+                            onLog("Patch failed: $msg\n$exception", true)
+                            LSPatchUtils.deleteDirectory(File(outputDir))
+                            onFinish()
+                        }
+                    })
+                }
+
+                if (installing) InstallDiag(this@PatchActivity, mOutFiles, patchCallback, reservePatchFiles) { _, _ ->
+                    installing = false
+                    mOutFiles = listOf()
+                }
+
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun onClickPatch(apkPaths: List<Uri>, isLocalMode: Boolean, isDebuggable: Boolean, callback: PatchCallback) {
+        var isPureApk = true
+
+        for (i in apkPaths) {  // 判断是否全是apk
+            val fileName = getFileName(i)
+            if (fileName == null) {
+                callback.onFailed("Get file name failed: $i")
+                return
+            }
+            else {
+                if (!fileName.lowercase().endsWith(".apk")) {
+                    isPureApk = false
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (apkPaths.size != 1 && !isPureApk) {  // 多选,非全 apk
+            callback.onFailed("Multiple selection files must be all apk files.")
+            return
+        }
+
+        if (isPureApk) {
+            val apks: MutableList<File> = mutableListOf()
+            // val apkPathStr: MutableList<String> = mutableListOf()
+            for (i in apkPaths) {
+                val apkFile = uriToFile(i)
+                if (apkFile == null) {
+                    callback.onFailed("Get file failed: $i")
+                    return
+                }
+                apks.add(apkFile)
+                // apkPathStr.add(apkFile.absolutePath)
+            }
+            patchApks(apks, isLocalMode, isDebuggable, callback)
+            return
+        }
+
+        val fileUri = apkPaths[0]
+        val fileName = getFileName(fileUri)
+        if (fileName == null) {
+            callback.onFailed("Get file name failed: $fileUri")
+            return
+        }
+        val lowerName = fileName.lowercase()
+        if (!(lowerName.endsWith("apks") || lowerName.endsWith("xapk") || lowerName.endsWith("zip"))) {
+            callback.onFailed("Unknown file: $fileName")
+            return
+        }
+
+        val inputStream: InputStream? = contentResolver.openInputStream(fileUri)
+        if (inputStream == null) {
+            callback.onFailed("Open file failed: $fileUri")
+            return
+        }
+        val unzipCacheDir = File(cacheDir, "apks_unzip")
+        if (unzipCacheDir.exists()) {
+            LSPatchUtils.deleteDirectory(unzipCacheDir)
+        }
+        unzipCacheDir.mkdirs()
+
+        CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch {
+            // FileHotUpdater.unzip(inputStream, unzipCacheDir.absolutePath)
+            withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                callback.onLog("Unzipping...")
+            }
+
+            LSPatchUtils.unzipXAPKWithProgress(inputStream, unzipCacheDir.absolutePath) { /*percent ->
+                runOnUiThread {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "unzip: $percent")
+                }*/
+            }
+
+            val files = unzipCacheDir.listFiles()
+            if (files == null) {
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    callback.onFailed("Can't get unzip files: $fileName")
+                }
+                return@launch
+            }
+
+            withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                callback.onLog("Unzip completed.")
+            }
+
+            val apks: MutableList<File> = mutableListOf()
+            for (file in files) {
+                if (file.isFile) {
+                    if (file.name.lowercase().endsWith(".apk")) {
+                        apks.add(file)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            patchApks(apks, isLocalMode, isDebuggable, callback) {
+                LSPatchUtils.deleteDirectory(unzipCacheDir)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun patchApks(apks: List<File>, isLocalMode: Boolean, isDebuggable: Boolean,
+                          callback: PatchCallback, onPatchEnd: (() -> Unit)? = null) {
+
+        CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch {
+            try {
+                val lspatch = LSPatchExt(outputDir, isDebuggable, isLocalMode, object : PatchLogger() {
+                    override fun d(msg: String) {
+                        super.d(msg)
+                        runOnUiThread {
+                            callback.onLog(msg)
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    override fun i(msg: String) {
+                        super.i(msg)
+                        runOnUiThread {
+                            callback.onLog(msg)
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    override fun e(msg: String) {
+                        super.e(msg)
+                        runOnUiThread {
+                            callback.onLog(msg, true)
+                        }
+                    }
+                })
+
+                if (!isLocalMode) {
+                    lspatch.setModules(listOf(applicationInfo.sourceDir))
+                }
+
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    callback.onLog("Patching started.")
+                }
+
+                // lspatch.doCommandLine()
+                val outBasePath = File(filesDir, "output")
+                if (!outBasePath.exists()) {
+                    outBasePath.mkdirs()
+                }
+
+                val outFiles: MutableList<File> = mutableListOf()
+                for (i in apks) {
+                    val outFile = File(outBasePath, "patch-${i.name}")
+                    if (outFile.exists()) {
+                        outFile.delete()
+                    }
+                    callback.onLog("Patching $i")
+                    lspatch.patch(i, outFile)
+                    i.delete()
+                    outFiles.add(outFile)
+                }
+
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    callback.onLog("Patching completed.")
+                    callback.onSuccess(outFiles)
+                }
+            } catch (e: Error) {
+                // Log error and call the failure callback
+                Log.e(patchTag, "Patch error", e)
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    callback.onFailed("Patch error: ${e.message}", e)
+                }
+            } catch (e: Exception) {
+                // Log exception and call the failure callback
+                Log.e(patchTag, "Patch exception", e)
+                withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+                    callback.onFailed("Patch exception: ${e.message}", e)
+                }
+            }
+            finally {
+                onPatchEnd?.let { it() }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun getFileName(uri: Uri): String? {
+        var fileName: String? = null
+        val cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null)
+        cursor?.use {
+            if (it.moveToFirst()) {
+                fileName = it.getString(it.getColumnIndexOrThrow(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME))
+            }
+        }
+        return fileName
+    }
+
+    private fun uriToFile(uri: Uri): File? {
+        val fileName = getFileName(uri) ?: return null
+        val file = File(cacheDir, fileName)
+        try {
+            val inputStream: InputStream? = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri)
+            val outputStream: OutputStream = FileOutputStream(file)
+            inputStream?.use { input ->
+                outputStream.use { output ->
+                    val buffer = ByteArray(4 * 1024) // 4KB
+                    var read: Int
+                    while (input.read(buffer).also { read = it } != -1) {
+                        output.write(buffer, 0, read)
+                    }
+                    output.flush()
+                }
+            }
+            return file
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            e.printStackTrace()
+        }
+        return null
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+
+        fun getUriFromFile(context: Context, file: File): Uri {
+            return FileProvider.getUriForFile(
+                context,
+                "io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.fileprovider",
+                file
+            )
+        }
+
+        fun saveFileTo(apkFiles: List<File>, targetDirectory: File, isMove: Boolean,
+                       enablePermission: Boolean): List<File> {
+            val hasDirectory = if (!targetDirectory.exists()) {
+                targetDirectory.mkdirs()
+            } else {
+                true
+            }
+            if (!hasDirectory) {
+                throw NoSuchFileException(targetDirectory, reason = "check targetDirectory failed.")
+            }
+
+            if (enablePermission) {
+                try {
+                    val origPermission = Files.getPosixFilePermissions(targetDirectory.toPath())
+                    val requiredPermissions = PosixFilePermissions.fromString("rwxrwxrwx")
+                    if (!origPermission.equals(requiredPermissions)) {
+                        Files.setPosixFilePermissions(targetDirectory.toPath(), requiredPermissions)
+                    }
+                }
+                catch (e: Exception) {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "checkPosixFilePermissions failed.", e)
+                }
+            }
+
+            val movedFiles: MutableList<File> = mutableListOf()
+            apkFiles.forEach { file ->
+                val targetFile = File(targetDirectory, file.name)
+                if (targetFile.exists()) targetFile.delete()
+                file.copyTo(targetFile)
+                movedFiles.add(targetFile)
+                if (isMove) {
+                    file.delete()
+                }
+            }
+            return movedFiles
+        }
+
+        suspend fun installSplitApks(context: Context, apkFiles: List<File>, reservePatchFiles: Boolean,
+                                     patchCallback: PatchCallback?): Pair<Int, String?> {
+            Log.i(TAG, "Perform install patched apks")
+            var status = PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE
+            var message: String? = null
+
+            withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+                runCatching {
+                    val sdcardPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().path
+                    val targetDirectory = File(sdcardPath, "Download/gkms_local_patch")
+                    val savedFiles = saveFileTo(apkFiles, targetDirectory, true, false)
+                    patchCallback?.onLog("Patched files: $savedFiles")
+
+                    if (!ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted) {
+                        status = PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE
+                        message = "Shizuku Not Ready."
+                        if (!reservePatchFiles) savedFiles.forEach { file -> if (file.exists()) file.delete() }
+                        return@runCatching
+                    }
+
+                    val ioShell = object: IOnShell {
+                        override fun onShellLine(msg: String) {
+                            patchCallback?.onLog(msg)
+                        }
+
+                        override fun onShellError(msg: String) {
+                            patchCallback?.onLog(msg, true)
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (ShizukuApi.isPackageInstalledWithoutPatch("com.bandainamcoent.idolmaster_gakuen")) {
+                        val uninstallShell = ShizukuShell(mutableListOf(), "pm uninstall com.bandainamcoent.idolmaster_gakuen", ioShell)
+                        uninstallShell.exec()
+                        uninstallShell.destroy()
+                    }
+
+                    val installDS = "/data/local/tmp/gkms_local_patch"
+
+                    val action = if (reservePatchFiles) "cp" else "mv"
+                    val copyFilesCmd: MutableList<String> = mutableListOf()
+                    val movedFiles: MutableList<String> = mutableListOf()
+                    savedFiles.forEach { file ->
+                        val movedFileName = "$installDS/${file.name}"
+                        movedFiles.add(movedFileName)
+                        copyFilesCmd.add("$action ${file.absolutePath} $movedFileName")
+                    }
+                    val moveFileCommand = "mkdir $installDS && " +
+                            "chmod 777 $installDS && " +
+                            copyFilesCmd.joinToString(" && ")
+                    Log.d(TAG, "moveFileCommand: $moveFileCommand")
+
+                    val cpFileShell = ShizukuShell(mutableListOf(), moveFileCommand, ioShell)
+                    cpFileShell.exec()
+                    cpFileShell.destroy()
+
+                    val installFiles = movedFiles.joinToString(" ")
+                    val command = "pm install -r $installFiles && rm $installFiles"
+                    Log.d(TAG, "shell: $command")
+                    val sh = ShizukuShell(mutableListOf(), command, ioShell)
+                    sh.exec()
+                    sh.destroy()
+
+                    status = PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS
+                    message = "Done."
+                }.onFailure { e ->
+                    status = PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE
+                    message = e.stackTraceToString()
+                }
+            }
+            return Pair(status, message)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/FileDownloader.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/FileDownloader.kt
index a67105a..f115161 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/FileDownloader.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/FileDownloader.kt
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@ object FileDownloader {
 
     private var call: Call? = null
 
+    fun requestGet(request: Request, callback: Callback) {
+        val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()
+            .connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+            .build()
+        val call = client.newCall(request)
+        call.enqueue(callback)
+    }
+
     fun downloadFile(
         url: String,
         onDownload: (Float, downloaded: Long, size: Long) -> Unit,
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/LSPatchUtils.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/LSPatchUtils.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ab2e43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/LSPatchUtils.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils
+
+
+import net.lingala.zip4j.ZipFile
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.FileOutputStream
+import java.io.InputStream
+
+
+object LSPatchUtils {
+    fun deleteDirectory(directoryToBeDeleted: File): Boolean {
+        if (directoryToBeDeleted.isDirectory) {
+            val children = directoryToBeDeleted.listFiles()
+            if (children != null) {
+                for (child in children) {
+                    deleteDirectory(child)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return directoryToBeDeleted.delete()
+    }
+
+    fun unzipXAPK(inputStream: InputStream, destDir: String) {
+        val destDirFile = File(destDir)
+        if (!destDirFile.exists()) {
+            destDirFile.mkdirs()
+        }
+
+        val tempFile = File.createTempFile("xapk_temp", ".zip", destDirFile)
+        tempFile.deleteOnExit()
+
+        inputStream.use { input ->
+            FileOutputStream(tempFile).use { output ->
+                input.copyTo(output)
+            }
+        }
+
+        ZipFile(tempFile).extractAll(destDir)
+        tempFile.delete()
+    }
+
+    fun unzipXAPKWithProgress(inputStream: InputStream, destDir: String, progressCallback: (Int) -> Unit) {
+        val destDirFile = File(destDir)
+        if (!destDirFile.exists()) {
+            destDirFile.mkdirs()
+        }
+
+        val tempFile = File.createTempFile("xapk_temp", ".zip", destDirFile)
+        tempFile.deleteOnExit()
+
+        inputStream.use { input ->
+            FileOutputStream(tempFile).use { output ->
+                input.copyTo(output)
+            }
+        }
+
+        val zipFile = ZipFile(tempFile)
+        val progressMonitor = zipFile.progressMonitor
+        val extractionThread = Thread {
+            zipFile.extractAll(destDir)
+        }
+
+        extractionThread.start()
+
+        while (extractionThread.isAlive) {
+            progressCallback(progressMonitor.percentDone)
+            Thread.sleep(100)
+        }
+
+        progressCallback(100)
+        tempFile.delete()
+    }
+
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/RemoteAPIFilesChecker.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/RemoteAPIFilesChecker.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93ff703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/RemoteAPIFilesChecker.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.util.Log
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.GithubReleaseModel
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import okhttp3.Call
+import okhttp3.Callback
+import okhttp3.Request
+import okhttp3.Response
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.IOException
+
+
+object RemoteAPIFilesChecker {
+    const val BASEPATH = "remote_files"
+
+    fun getLocalVersion(context: Context): String? {
+        val basePath = File(context.filesDir, BASEPATH)
+        val versionFile = File(basePath, "version.txt")
+        if (!versionFile.exists()) {
+            return null
+        }
+        return versionFile.readText()
+    }
+
+    // version.txt in zip file should be same with version parameter
+    fun saveDownloadData(context: Context, data: ByteArray, version: String): File {
+        val basePath = File(context.filesDir, BASEPATH)
+        if (!basePath.exists()) {
+            basePath.mkdirs()
+        }
+        val versionFile = File(basePath, "version.txt")
+        val dataFile = File(basePath, "remote.zip")
+        dataFile.writeBytes(data)
+        versionFile.writeText(version)
+        return dataFile
+    }
+
+    fun checkUpdateLocalAssets(context: Context, apiURL: String,
+                               onFailed: (Int, String) -> Unit,
+                               onResult: (data: GithubReleaseModel, localVersion: String?) -> Unit) {
+        runCatching {
+            val request = Request.Builder()
+                .url(apiURL)
+                .build()
+            FileDownloader.requestGet(request, object : Callback {
+                override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) {
+                    onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+                }
+
+                override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) {
+                    runCatching {
+                        response.use {
+                            if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response")
+
+                            val responseBody = response.body?.string()
+                            if (responseBody != null) {
+                                val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+                                val releaseData = json.decodeFromString<GithubReleaseModel>(responseBody)
+
+                                // Check update
+                                // val releaseVersion = releaseData.tag_name
+                                val localVersion = getLocalVersion(context)
+                                // if (releaseVersion != localVersion) {
+                                onResult(releaseData, localVersion)
+                                // }
+                            } else {
+                                onFailed(-1, "Response body is null")
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }.onFailure { e ->
+                        Log.e(TAG, "checkUpdateLocalAssets failed", e)
+                        onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        }.onFailure { e ->
+            Log.e(TAG, "checkUpdateLocalAssets failed", e)
+            onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    fun updateLocalAssets(context: Context, apiURL: String,
+                          onDownload: (Float, downloaded: Long, size: Long) -> Unit,
+                          onFailed: (Int, String) -> Unit,
+                          onSuccess: (File, String) -> Unit) {
+        runCatching {
+            val request = Request.Builder()
+                .url(apiURL)
+                .build()
+            FileDownloader.requestGet(request, object : Callback {
+                override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) {
+                    onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+                }
+
+                override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) {
+                    runCatching {
+                        response.use {
+                            if (!response.isSuccessful) throw IOException("Unexpected code $response")
+
+                            val responseBody = response.body?.string()
+                            if (responseBody != null) {
+                                val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+                                val releaseData = json.decodeFromString<GithubReleaseModel>(responseBody)
+
+                                // Check and save update
+                                val releaseVersion = releaseData.tag_name
+                                val localVersion = getLocalVersion(context)
+                                if (releaseVersion != localVersion) {
+                                    for (asset in releaseData.assets) {
+                                        if (!asset.name.endsWith(".zip")) continue
+                                        FileDownloader.downloadFile(asset.browser_download_url,
+                                            onDownload, {data ->
+                                                runCatching {
+                                                    val saveFile = saveDownloadData(context, data, releaseVersion)
+                                                    onSuccess(saveFile, releaseVersion)
+                                                }.onFailure { e ->
+                                                    onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+                                                }
+                                            },
+                                            onFailed)
+                                        break
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                onFailed(-1, "Response body is null")
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }.onFailure { e ->
+                        Log.e(TAG, "updateLocalAssets failed", e)
+                        onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+                    }
+                }
+            })
+        }.onFailure { e ->
+            Log.e(TAG, "updateLocalAssets failed", e)
+            onFailed(-1, e.toString())
+        }
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuApi.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuApi.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44d9f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuApi.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils
+
+
+import android.content.IntentSender
+import android.content.pm.IPackageInstaller
+import android.content.pm.IPackageInstallerSession
+import android.content.pm.IPackageManager
+import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller
+import android.content.pm.PackageInstallerHidden
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.IBinder
+import android.os.IInterface
+import android.os.Process
+import android.os.SystemProperties
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import dev.rikka.tools.refine.Refine
+import org.lsposed.hiddenapibypass.HiddenApiBypass
+import rikka.shizuku.Shizuku
+import rikka.shizuku.ShizukuBinderWrapper
+import rikka.shizuku.SystemServiceHelper
+
+
+// From https://github.com/LSPosed/LSPatch/blob/master/manager/src/main/java/org/lsposed/lspatch/util/ShizukuApi.kt
+object ShizukuApi {
+    private fun IBinder.wrap() = ShizukuBinderWrapper(this)
+    private fun IInterface.asShizukuBinder() = this.asBinder().wrap()
+
+    private val iPackageManager: IPackageManager by lazy {
+        IPackageManager.Stub.asInterface(SystemServiceHelper.getSystemService("package").wrap())
+    }
+
+    private val iPackageInstaller: IPackageInstaller by lazy {
+        IPackageInstaller.Stub.asInterface(iPackageManager.packageInstaller.asShizukuBinder())
+    }
+
+    private val packageInstaller: PackageInstaller by lazy {
+        val userId = Process.myUserHandle().hashCode()
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+            Refine.unsafeCast(PackageInstallerHidden(iPackageInstaller, "com.android.shell", null, userId))
+        } else {
+            Refine.unsafeCast(PackageInstallerHidden(iPackageInstaller, "com.android.shell", userId))
+        }
+    }
+
+    var isBinderAvailable = false
+    var isPermissionGranted by mutableStateOf(false)
+
+    fun init() {
+        HiddenApiBypass.addHiddenApiExemptions("")
+        HiddenApiBypass.addHiddenApiExemptions("Landroid/content", "Landroid/os")
+        Shizuku.addBinderReceivedListenerSticky {
+            isBinderAvailable = true
+            isPermissionGranted = Shizuku.checkSelfPermission() == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+        }
+        Shizuku.addBinderDeadListener {
+            isBinderAvailable = false
+            isPermissionGranted = false
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun createPackageInstallerSession(params: PackageInstaller.SessionParams): PackageInstaller.Session {
+        val sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(params)
+        val iSession = IPackageInstallerSession.Stub.asInterface(iPackageInstaller.openSession(sessionId).asShizukuBinder())
+        return Refine.unsafeCast(PackageInstallerHidden.SessionHidden(iSession))
+    }
+
+    fun isPackageInstalledWithoutPatch(packageName: String): Boolean {
+        val userId = Process.myUserHandle().hashCode()
+        val app = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
+            iPackageManager.getApplicationInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_META_DATA.toLong(), userId)
+        } else {
+            iPackageManager.getApplicationInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_META_DATA, userId)
+        }
+        return (app != null) && (app.metaData?.containsKey("lspatch") != true)
+    }
+
+    fun uninstallPackage(packageName: String, intentSender: IntentSender) {
+        // packageInstaller.uninstall(packageName, intentSender)
+    }
+
+    fun performDexOptMode(packageName: String): Boolean {
+        return iPackageManager.performDexOptMode(
+            packageName,
+            SystemProperties.getBoolean("dalvik.vm.usejitprofiles", false),
+            "verify", true, true, null
+        )
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuShell.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuShell.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d699958
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/ShizukuShell.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils
+
+import android.util.Log
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
+import rikka.shizuku.Shizuku
+import rikka.shizuku.ShizukuRemoteProcess
+import java.io.BufferedReader
+import java.io.InputStreamReader
+
+
+val shellTag = "${TAG}_Shell"
+
+interface IOnShell {
+    fun onShellLine(msg: String)
+    fun onShellError(msg: String)
+}
+
+/*
+* Created by sunilpaulmathew <sunil.kde@gmail.com> on November 12, 2022
+*/
+class ShizukuShell(private var mOutput: MutableList<String>, private var mCommand: String,
+    private val shellCallback: IOnShell? = null) {
+    val isBusy: Boolean
+        get() = mOutput.size > 0 && mOutput[mOutput.size - 1] != "aShell: Finish"
+
+    fun exec() {
+        try {
+            Log.i(shellTag, "Execute: $mCommand")
+            shellCallback?.onShellLine(mCommand)
+            mProcess = Shizuku.newProcess(arrayOf("sh", "-c", mCommand), null, mDir)
+            val mInput = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(mProcess!!.getInputStream()))
+            val mError = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(mProcess!!.getErrorStream()))
+            var line: String
+            while ((mInput.readLine().also { line = it }) != null) {
+                Log.i(shellTag, line)
+                shellCallback?.onShellLine(line)
+                mOutput.add(line)
+            }
+            while ((mError.readLine().also { line = it }) != null) {
+                Log.e(shellTag, line)
+                shellCallback?.onShellError(line)
+                mOutput.add("<font color=#FF0000>$line</font>")
+            }
+
+            // Handle current directory
+            if (mCommand.startsWith("cd ") && !mOutput[mOutput.size - 1]
+                .endsWith("</font>")
+            ) {
+                val array: Array<String> =
+                    mCommand.split("\\s+".toRegex()).dropLastWhile { it.isEmpty() }
+                        .toTypedArray()
+                var dir: String
+                dir = if (array[array.size - 1] == "/") {
+                    "/"
+                } else if (array[array.size - 1].startsWith("/")) {
+                    array[array.size - 1]
+                } else {
+                    mDir + array[array.size - 1]
+                }
+                if (!dir.endsWith("/")) {
+                    dir = "$dir/"
+                }
+                mDir = dir
+            }
+
+            mProcess!!.waitFor()
+        } catch (ignored: Exception) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun destroy() {
+        if (mProcess != null) mProcess!!.destroy()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private var mProcess: ShizukuRemoteProcess? = null
+        private var mDir = "/"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/TimeUtils.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/TimeUtils.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94b05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/mainUtils/TimeUtils.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils
+
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter
+import java.time.ZoneId
+
+object TimeUtils {
+    fun convertIsoToLocalTime(isoTimeString: String): String {
+        val zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.parse(isoTimeString, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME)
+        val currentZoneId = ZoneId.systemDefault()
+        val localZonedDateTime = zonedDateTime.withZoneSameInstant(currentZoneId)
+        val outputFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
+        return localZonedDateTime.format(outputFormatter)
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/AboutPageConfig.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/AboutPageConfig.kt
index e39f6e0..8456bba 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/AboutPageConfig.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/AboutPageConfig.kt
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ data class MainContributors(
 @Serializable
 data class ContribImg(
     val plugin: String,
-    val translation: String
+    val translation: String,
+    val translations: List<String> = listOf()
 )
 
 @Serializable
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/GithubReleaseModel.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/GithubReleaseModel.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9529b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/GithubReleaseModel.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+
+
+@Serializable
+data class User(
+    val avatar_url: String,
+    val events_url: String,
+    val followers_url: String,
+    val following_url: String,
+    val gists_url: String,
+    val gravatar_id: String?,
+    val html_url: String,
+    val id: Int,
+    val login: String,
+    val node_id: String,
+    val organizations_url: String,
+    val received_events_url: String,
+    val repos_url: String,
+    val site_admin: Boolean,
+    val starred_url: String,
+    val subscriptions_url: String,
+    val type: String,
+    val url: String
+)
+
+
+@Serializable
+data class Asset(
+    val browser_download_url: String,
+//    val content_type: String,
+//    val created_at: String,
+//    val download_count: Int,
+//    val id: Int,
+//    val label: String?,
+    val name: String,
+//    val node_id: String,
+//    val size: Int,
+//    val state: String,
+//    val updated_at: String,
+//    val uploader: User,
+//    val url: String
+)
+
+
+@Serializable
+data class GithubReleaseModel(
+    val assets: List<Asset>,
+//    val assets_url: String,
+//    val author: User,
+    val body: String,
+//    val created_at: String,
+//    val draft: Boolean,
+//    val html_url: String,
+//    val id: Int,
+    val name: String?,
+//    val node_id: String,
+//    val prerelease: Boolean,
+    val published_at: String,
+    val tag_name: String,
+//    val tarball_url: String,
+//    val target_commitish: String,
+//    val upload_url: String,
+//    val url: String,
+//    val zipball_url: String
+)
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ProgramConfig.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ProgramConfig.kt
index ea68ab1..1ac31c7 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ProgramConfig.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ProgramConfig.kt
@@ -16,8 +16,12 @@ data class ProgramConfig(
     var checkBuiltInAssets: Boolean = true,
     var transRemoteZipUrl: String = "",
     var useRemoteAssets: Boolean = false,
+    var useAPIAssets: Boolean = false,
+    var useAPIAssetsURL: String = "",
     var delRemoteAfterUpdate: Boolean = true,
     var cleanLocalAssets: Boolean = false,
+
+    // var localAPIAssetsVersion: String = "",
     var p: Boolean = false
 )
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ViewModels.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ViewModels.kt
index 4a66d9a..253016c 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ViewModels.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/models/ViewModels.kt
@@ -53,6 +53,15 @@ class ProgramConfigViewModelFactory(private val initialValue: ProgramConfig,
     }
 }
 
+data class ConfirmStateModel(
+    var isShow: Boolean = false,
+    var title: String = "GakuConfirm Title",
+    var content: String = "GakuConfirm Content",
+    var onConfirm: () -> Unit = {},
+    var onCancel: () -> Unit = {},
+    var p: Boolean = false
+)
+
 class ProgramConfigViewModel(initValue: ProgramConfig, initLocalResourceVersion: String) : ViewModel() {
     val configState = MutableStateFlow(initValue)
     val config: StateFlow<ProgramConfig> = configState.asStateFlow()
@@ -66,6 +75,12 @@ class ProgramConfigViewModel(initValue: ProgramConfig, initLocalResourceVersion:
     val localResourceVersionState = MutableStateFlow(initLocalResourceVersion)
     val localResourceVersion: StateFlow<String> = localResourceVersionState.asStateFlow()
 
+    val localAPIResourceVersionState = MutableStateFlow(initLocalResourceVersion)
+    val localAPIResourceVersion: StateFlow<String> = localAPIResourceVersionState.asStateFlow()
+
     val errorStringState = MutableStateFlow("")
     val errorString: StateFlow<String> = errorStringState.asStateFlow()
+
+    val mainUIConfirmState = MutableStateFlow(ConfirmStateModel())
+    val mainUIConfirm: StateFlow<ConfirmStateModel> = mainUIConfirmState.asStateFlow()
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuButton.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuButton.kt
index 8dc5279..bd678cf 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuButton.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuButton.kt
@@ -35,14 +35,17 @@ fun GakuButton(
     shadowElevation: Dp = 8.dp, // 阴影的高度
     borderWidth: Dp = 1.dp, // 描边的宽度
     borderColor: Color = Color.Transparent, // 描边的颜色
-    enabled: Boolean = true
+    enabled: Boolean = true,
+    bgColors: List<Color>? = null,
+    textColor: Color? = null
 ) {
     var buttonSize by remember { mutableStateOf(IntSize.Zero) }
 
     val gradient = remember(buttonSize) {
         Brush.linearGradient(
-            colors = if (enabled) listOf(Color(0xFFFF5F19), Color(0xFFFFA028)) else
-                listOf(Color(0xFFF9F9F9), Color(0xFFF0F0F0)),
+            colors = bgColors
+                ?: if (enabled) listOf(Color(0xFFFF5F19), Color(0xFFFFA028)) else
+                    listOf(Color(0xFFF9F9F9), Color(0xFFF0F0F0)),
             start = Offset(0f, 0f),
             end = Offset(buttonSize.width.toFloat(), buttonSize.height.toFloat()) // 动态终点
         )
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ fun GakuButton(
             .border(borderWidth, borderColor, shape),
         contentPadding = PaddingValues(0.dp)
     ) {
-        Text(text = text, color = if (enabled) Color.White else Color(0xFF111111))
+        Text(text = text, color = textColor ?: if (enabled) Color.White else Color(0xFF111111))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuConfirm.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuConfirm.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66e2d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/GakuConfirm.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components
+
+import android.annotation.SuppressLint
+import android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.animateFloatAsState
+import androidx.compose.animation.core.tween
+import androidx.compose.foundation.background
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
+import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
+import androidx.compose.material3.*
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableFloatStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.draw.shadow
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
+import androidx.compose.ui.layout.ContentScale
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.painterResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.Dp
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.IntOffset
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.R
+import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlin.math.roundToInt
+
+const val ANIMATION_TIME = 320
+
+@Composable
+fun FullScreenBoxWithAnimation(
+    isVisible: Boolean,
+    onDismiss: () -> Unit,
+    content: @Composable () -> Unit
+) {
+    val animatedAlpha by animateFloatAsState(
+        targetValue = if (isVisible) 0.6f else 0f, label = "animatedAlpha",
+        animationSpec = tween(durationMillis = ANIMATION_TIME)
+    )
+
+    Box(
+        modifier = Modifier
+            .fillMaxSize()
+            .background(Color.Black.copy(alpha = animatedAlpha))
+            .clickable {
+                // isVisible2 = false
+                onDismiss()
+            },
+        contentAlignment = Alignment.BottomCenter
+    ) {
+        content()
+    }
+}
+
+
+@SuppressLint("UnusedMaterial3ScaffoldPaddingParameter")
+@Composable
+fun GakuGroupConfirm(
+    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    title: String = "Title",
+    maxWidth: Dp = 400.dp,
+    contentPadding: Dp = 8.dp,
+    rightHead: @Composable (() -> Unit)? = null,
+    onHeadClick: () -> Unit = {},
+    onConfirm: () -> Unit = {},
+    onCancel: () -> Unit = {},
+    contentHeightForAnimation: Float = 400f,
+    initIsVisible: Boolean = false,
+    baseModifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    content: @Composable () -> Unit
+) {
+    val scoop = rememberCoroutineScope()
+    var isVisible by remember { mutableStateOf(initIsVisible) }
+    val offsetY by animateFloatAsState(
+        targetValue = if (isVisible) -35f else contentHeightForAnimation, // 控制Box移动的距离
+        animationSpec = tween(durationMillis = ANIMATION_TIME), label = "offsetY"
+    )
+
+    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
+        isVisible = true
+    }
+
+    Scaffold(modifier = baseModifier.background(
+        color = Color.Transparent
+    ),
+        containerColor = Color.Transparent) {
+        FullScreenBoxWithAnimation(
+            isVisible = isVisible,
+            onDismiss = {
+                isVisible = false
+                scoop.launch {
+                    delay(ANIMATION_TIME.toLong())
+                    onCancel()
+                }
+            }
+        ) {
+            Box(Modifier
+                .offset { IntOffset(0, offsetY.roundToInt()) }
+                .widthIn(max = maxWidth)
+                .clickable {  }) {
+                Column(modifier = modifier.widthIn(max = maxWidth)) {
+                    // Header
+                    Box(
+                        modifier = modifier
+                            .fillMaxWidth()
+                            .background(Color.Transparent)
+                            .height(30.dp)
+                            .clickable {
+                                onHeadClick()
+                            }
+                    ) {
+                        Image(
+                            painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.bg_sheet_title),
+                            contentDescription = null,
+                            // modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
+                            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
+                            contentScale = ContentScale.FillBounds
+                        )
+                        Text(
+                            text = title,
+                            style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall,
+                            color = Color.White,
+                            modifier = modifier
+                                .align(Alignment.CenterStart)
+                                .padding(start = (maxWidth.value * 0.043f).dp)
+                        )
+                        if (rightHead != null) {
+                            Box(modifier = Modifier
+                                .align(Alignment.CenterEnd)
+                                .padding(end = (maxWidth.value * 0.1f).dp)) {
+                                rightHead()
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // Content
+                    Row {
+                        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.width(4.dp))
+                        Box(
+                            modifier = modifier
+                                .shadow(
+                                    4.dp, RoundedCornerShape(
+                                        bottomStart = 16.dp,
+                                        bottomEnd = 8.dp,
+                                        topEnd = 0.dp,
+                                        topStart = 0.dp
+                                    )
+                                )
+                                .background(
+                                    color = Color.White,
+                                    shape = RoundedCornerShape(
+                                        bottomStart = 16.dp,
+                                        bottomEnd = 8.dp
+                                    )
+                                )
+                                .padding(
+                                    contentPadding + 5.dp, contentPadding, contentPadding,
+                                    contentPadding
+                                )
+                                .fillMaxWidth()
+                        ) {
+                            Column {
+                                content()
+                                Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(22.dp))
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(22.dp))
+                }
+
+                Box(modifier = Modifier
+                    .align(Alignment.BottomCenter)
+                    .fillMaxWidth()) {
+                    Row(Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.Center) {
+                        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.sizeIn(minWidth = 32.dp))
+                        Row(
+                            Modifier
+                                .fillMaxWidth()
+                                .weight(1f),
+                            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.Center) {
+                            GakuButton(modifier = Modifier
+                                .height(40.dp)
+                                .sizeIn(minWidth = 100.dp),
+                                text = stringResource(R.string.cancel),
+                                bgColors = listOf(Color(0xFFF9F9F9), Color(0xFFF0F0F0)),
+                                textColor = Color(0xFF111111),
+                                onClick = { scoop.launch {
+                                    isVisible = false
+                                    delay(ANIMATION_TIME.toLong())
+                                    onCancel()
+                                } })
+                        }
+                        Row(
+                            Modifier
+                                .fillMaxWidth()
+                                .weight(1f),
+                            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.Center) {
+                            GakuButton(modifier = Modifier
+                                .height(40.dp)
+                                .sizeIn(minWidth = 100.dp),
+                                text = stringResource(R.string.ok),
+                                onClick = { scoop.launch {
+                                    isVisible = false
+                                    delay(ANIMATION_TIME.toLong())
+                                    onConfirm()
+                                } })
+                        }
+                        Spacer(modifier = Modifier.sizeIn(minWidth = 32.dp))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Preview(showBackground = true, uiMode = UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO)
+@Composable
+fun PreviewGakuGroupConfirm() {
+    GakuGroupConfirm(
+        title = "Confirm Title",
+        initIsVisible = true
+    ) {
+        Column {
+            Text("This is the content of the GakuGroupConfirm.")
+            Text("This is the content of the GakuGroupConfirm.")
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/InstallDiag.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/InstallDiag.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d649ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/InstallDiag.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.pm.PackageInstaller
+import android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.material3.AlertDialog
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
+import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.PatchActivity
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.PatchCallback
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.R
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
+import java.io.File
+
+
+@Composable
+fun InstallDiag(context: Context?, apkFiles: List<File>, patchCallback: PatchCallback?, reservePatchFiles: Boolean,
+                onFinish: (Int, String?) -> Unit) {
+    // val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
+    // var uninstallFirst by remember { mutableStateOf(ShizukuApi.isPackageInstalledWithoutPatch(patchApp.app.packageName)) }
+    var installing by remember { mutableStateOf(-1) }
+    var showInstallConfirm by remember { mutableStateOf(true) }
+
+    fun finish(code: Int, msg: String?) {
+        patchCallback?.onLog("Install finished($code): $msg")
+        onFinish(code, msg)
+        if (code != PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+            msg?.let{ patchCallback?.onFailed(it) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    suspend fun doInstall() {
+        Log.i(TAG, "Installing app $apkFiles")
+        installing = 1
+        val (status, message) = PatchActivity.installSplitApks(context!!, apkFiles, reservePatchFiles, patchCallback)
+        installing = 0
+        Log.i(TAG, "Installation end: $status, $message")
+        finish(status, message)
+    }
+
+    LaunchedEffect(showInstallConfirm) {
+        if (installing == 0) {
+            doInstall()
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (showInstallConfirm) {
+        Box {
+            GakuGroupConfirm(
+                title = stringResource(R.string.install),
+                // initIsVisible = true,
+                onCancel = {
+                    showInstallConfirm = false
+                    installing = -1
+                    finish(PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE, "User Cancelled.")
+                    showInstallConfirm = true },
+                onConfirm = {
+                    showInstallConfirm = false
+                    installing = 0 },
+                contentHeightForAnimation = 500f
+            ) {
+                Column {
+                    Text(stringResource(R.string.patch_finished))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return
+    }
+
+    if (installing == 1) {
+        AlertDialog(
+            onDismissRequest = {},
+            confirmButton = {},
+            title = {
+                Text(
+                    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                    text = stringResource(R.string.installing),
+                    textAlign = TextAlign.Center
+                )
+            }
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+@Preview(showBackground = true, uiMode = UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO, widthDp = 380)
+@Composable
+fun InstallDiagPreview(modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    InstallDiag(null, listOf(), null, false) { _, _ -> }
+}
+
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/icons/AutoFixHigh.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/icons/AutoFixHigh.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe76535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/components/icons/AutoFixHigh.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.icons
+
+
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.materialIcon
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.materialPath
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.vector.ImageVector
+
+public val Icons.Outlined.AutoFixHigh: ImageVector
+    get() {
+        if (_autoFixHigh != null) {
+            return _autoFixHigh!!
+        }
+        _autoFixHigh = materialIcon(name = "Outlined.AutoFixHigh") {
+            materialPath {
+                moveTo(20.0f, 7.0f)
+                lineToRelative(0.94f, -2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, -0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, -0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(-0.94f, -2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(-0.94f, 2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, 0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, 0.94f)
+                close()
+            }
+            materialPath {
+                moveTo(8.5f, 7.0f)
+                lineToRelative(0.94f, -2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, -0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, -0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(-0.94f, -2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(-0.94f, 2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, 0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, 0.94f)
+                close()
+            }
+            materialPath {
+                moveTo(20.0f, 12.5f)
+                lineToRelative(-0.94f, 2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, 0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, 0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(0.94f, 2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(0.94f, -2.06f)
+                lineToRelative(2.06f, -0.94f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.06f, -0.94f)
+                close()
+            }
+            materialPath {
+                moveTo(17.71f, 9.12f)
+                lineToRelative(-2.83f, -2.83f)
+                curveTo(14.68f, 6.1f, 14.43f, 6.0f, 14.17f, 6.0f)
+                curveToRelative(-0.26f, 0.0f, -0.51f, 0.1f, -0.71f, 0.29f)
+                lineTo(2.29f, 17.46f)
+                curveToRelative(-0.39f, 0.39f, -0.39f, 1.02f, 0.0f, 1.41f)
+                lineToRelative(2.83f, 2.83f)
+                curveTo(5.32f, 21.9f, 5.57f, 22.0f, 5.83f, 22.0f)
+                reflectiveCurveToRelative(0.51f, -0.1f, 0.71f, -0.29f)
+                lineToRelative(11.17f, -11.17f)
+                curveTo(18.1f, 10.15f, 18.1f, 9.51f, 17.71f, 9.12f)
+                close()
+                moveTo(14.17f, 8.42f)
+                lineToRelative(1.41f, 1.41f)
+                lineTo(14.41f, 11.0f)
+                lineTo(13.0f, 9.59f)
+                lineTo(14.17f, 8.42f)
+                close()
+                moveTo(5.83f, 19.59f)
+                lineToRelative(-1.41f, -1.41f)
+                lineTo(11.59f, 11.0f)
+                lineTo(13.0f, 12.41f)
+                lineTo(5.83f, 19.59f)
+                close()
+            }
+        }
+        return _autoFixHigh!!
+    }
+
+private var _autoFixHigh: ImageVector? = null
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/MainPage.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/MainPage.kt
index d667ca5..660597a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/MainPage.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/MainPage.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages
 
 import android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
+import android.util.Log
 import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
 import androidx.compose.foundation.background
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
@@ -11,9 +12,16 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.sizeIn
+import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateListOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
@@ -28,7 +36,11 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.MainActivity
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.R
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getMainUIConfirmState
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramConfigState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.GakumasConfig
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuGroupConfirm
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.theme.GakumasLocalifyTheme
 
 
@@ -36,10 +48,16 @@ import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.theme.GakumasLocalifyTheme
 fun MainUI(modifier: Modifier = Modifier, context: MainActivity? = null,
            previewData: GakumasConfig? = null) {
     val imagePainter = painterResource(R.drawable.bg_pattern)
-    val versionInfo = remember {
-        context?.getVersion() ?: listOf("", "Unknown")
+    var versionInfo by remember {
+        mutableStateOf(context?.getVersion() ?: listOf("", "Unknown"))
     }
     // val config = getConfigState(context, previewData)
+    val confirmState by getMainUIConfirmState(context, null)
+    val programConfig by getProgramConfigState(context)
+
+    LaunchedEffect(programConfig) {
+        versionInfo = context?.getVersion() ?: listOf("", "Unknown")
+    }
 
     Box(
         modifier = Modifier
@@ -66,6 +84,23 @@ fun MainUI(modifier: Modifier = Modifier, context: MainActivity? = null,
                 stringResource(R.string.advanced_settings)),
                 context = context, previewData = previewData, screenH = screenH)
         }
+
+        if (confirmState.isShow) {
+            GakuGroupConfirm(
+                title = confirmState.title,
+                onCancel = { confirmState.onCancel() },
+                onConfirm = { confirmState.onConfirm() },
+                contentHeightForAnimation = screenH.value * 1.8f
+            ) {
+                LazyColumn(modifier =
+                Modifier.sizeIn(maxHeight = (screenH.value * 0.45f).dp)
+                    .fillMaxWidth()) {
+                    item {
+                        Text(confirmState.content)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/PatchPage.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/PatchPage.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58fb219
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/PatchPage.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages
+
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.activity.compose.rememberLauncherForActivityResult
+import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
+import androidx.compose.animation.animateContentSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.background
+import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Spacer
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.sizeIn
+import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.CircleShape
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.CheckCircle
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.Warning
+import androidx.compose.material3.CardDefaults
+import androidx.compose.material3.ElevatedCard
+import androidx.compose.material3.FloatingActionButton
+import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
+import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.DisposableEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateListOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.saveable.Saver
+import androidx.compose.runtime.saveable.rememberSaveable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.snapshots.SnapshotStateList
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.painterResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.res.stringResource
+import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.R
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.ShizukuApi
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuGroupBox
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuGroupConfirm
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuRadio
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuSwitch
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.base.CollapsibleBox
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.icons.AutoFixHigh
+import org.lsposed.lspatch.share.LSPConfig
+import rikka.shizuku.Shizuku
+
+
+data class LogText(var msg: String, val isErr: Boolean)
+
+private val shizukuListener: (Int, Int) -> Unit = { _, grantResult ->
+    ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted = grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+}
+
+
+val LogTextListSaver = Saver<SnapshotStateList<LogText>, List<String>>(
+    save = { logTextList -> logTextList.map { "${it.msg},${it.isErr}" } },
+    restore = { savedStrings ->
+        val restoredList = mutableStateListOf<LogText>()
+        savedStrings.forEach { savedString ->
+            val parts = savedString.split(",")
+            restoredList.add(LogText(parts[0], parts[1].toBoolean()))
+        }
+        restoredList
+    }
+)
+
+
+@Composable
+fun PatchPage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+              content: (@Composable () -> Unit)? = null,
+              onClickPatch: (selectFiles: List<Uri>, isLocalMode: Boolean, isDebuggable: Boolean,
+                             reservePatchFiles: Boolean,
+                             onFinishCallback: () -> Unit,
+                             onLogCallback: (msg: String, isErr: Boolean) -> Unit) -> Unit) {
+    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
+        Shizuku.addRequestPermissionResultListener(shizukuListener)
+    }
+    DisposableEffect(Unit) {
+        onDispose {
+            Shizuku.removeRequestPermissionResultListener(shizukuListener)
+        }
+    }
+
+    val imagePainter = painterResource(R.drawable.bg_pattern)
+
+    var isPatchLocalMode by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(true) }
+    var isPatchDebuggable by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(true) }
+    var isPatching by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var reservePatchFiles by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var showUninstallConfirm by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+
+    val logMsgList = rememberSaveable(saver = LogTextListSaver) { mutableStateListOf(LogText("Patcher Logs", false)) }
+
+    fun addLogMsg(msg: String, isErr: Boolean) {
+        val length = logMsgList.size
+        if (length == 0) {
+            logMsgList.add(LogText(msg, isErr))
+        }
+        else {
+            val lastLog = logMsgList[length - 1]
+            if (lastLog.isErr == isErr) {
+                // lastLog.msg += "\n${msg}"
+                logMsgList[length - 1] = LogText("${lastLog.msg}\n$msg", isErr)
+            }
+            else {
+                logMsgList.add(LogText(msg, isErr))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    val storageLauncher = rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.OpenMultipleDocuments()) { apks ->
+        Log.d(TAG, apks.toString())
+        if (apks.isEmpty()) {
+            return@rememberLauncherForActivityResult
+        }
+        isPatching = true
+        logMsgList.clear()
+        onClickPatch(apks, isPatchLocalMode, isPatchDebuggable, reservePatchFiles, { isPatching = false }) { msg, err ->
+            addLogMsg(msg, err)
+        }
+    }
+
+    content?.let { it() }
+
+    Box(
+        modifier = Modifier
+            .fillMaxSize()
+            .background(Color(0xFFFDFDFD))
+    ) {
+        val screenH = imageRepeater(
+            painter = imagePainter,
+            modifier = Modifier
+                .fillMaxWidth()
+                .align(Alignment.TopCenter)
+        )
+
+        Column(
+            modifier = modifier
+                .fillMaxWidth()
+                .padding(10.dp, 10.dp, 10.dp, 0.dp),
+            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.Top,
+            horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally
+        ) {
+            Column(modifier = modifier.fillMaxWidth()
+                .padding(10.dp, 10.dp, 10.dp, 0.dp)) {
+                Text(text = "Gakumas Localify Patcher", fontSize = 18.sp)
+                Text(text = "LSPatch version: ${LSPConfig.instance.VERSION_NAME} (${LSPConfig.instance.VERSION_CODE})", fontSize = 13.sp)
+                Text(text = "Framework version: ${LSPConfig.instance.CORE_VERSION_NAME} (${LSPConfig.instance.CORE_VERSION_CODE}), API ${LSPConfig.instance.API_CODE}", fontSize = 13.sp)
+                // Text(text = "Shuzuku: ${ShizukuApi.isBinderAvailable} ${ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted}", fontSize = 13.sp)
+            }
+
+            Spacer(Modifier.height(6.dp))
+
+            GakuGroupBox(modifier = modifier, "Shizuku", contentPadding = 0.dp) {
+                ElevatedCard(
+                    shape = RoundedCornerShape(
+                        bottomStart = 16.dp,
+                        bottomEnd = 8.dp
+                    ),
+                    colors = CardDefaults.elevatedCardColors(containerColor = run {
+                        if (ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted) MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background
+                        else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.errorContainer
+                    })
+                ) {
+                    Row(
+                        modifier = Modifier
+                            .fillMaxWidth()
+                            .clickable {
+                                if (ShizukuApi.isBinderAvailable && !ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted) {
+                                    Shizuku.requestPermission(114514)
+                                }
+                            }
+                            .padding(18.dp, 10.dp, 18.dp, 14.dp),
+                        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+                    ) {
+                        if (ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted) {
+                            Icon(Icons.Outlined.CheckCircle, stringResource(R.string.shizuku_available))
+                            Column(Modifier.padding(start = 20.dp)) {
+                                Text(
+                                    text = stringResource(R.string.shizuku_available),
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium
+                                )
+                                Spacer(Modifier.height(4.dp))
+                                Text(
+                                    text = "API " + Shizuku.getVersion(),
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
+                                )
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            Icon(Icons.Outlined.Warning, stringResource(R.string.shizuku_unavailable))
+                            Column(Modifier.padding(start = 20.dp)) {
+                                Text(
+                                    text = stringResource(R.string.shizuku_unavailable),
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium
+                                )
+                                Spacer(Modifier.height(4.dp))
+                                Text(
+                                    text = stringResource(R.string.home_shizuku_warning),
+                                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+            }
+
+            Spacer(Modifier.height(6.dp))
+
+            Box(modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) {
+                GakuGroupBox(modifier = modifier, stringResource(R.string.game_patch)) {
+
+                    Column(modifier = Modifier,
+                        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(6.dp)) {
+
+                        Text(stringResource(R.string.patch_mode))
+                        Row(modifier = modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(6.dp)) {
+                            val radioModifier = remember {
+                                modifier
+                                    .height(40.dp)
+                                    .weight(1f)
+                            }
+
+                            GakuRadio(modifier = radioModifier,
+                                text = stringResource(R.string.patch_local), selected = isPatchLocalMode,
+                                onClick = { isPatchLocalMode = true })
+
+                            GakuRadio(modifier = radioModifier,
+                                text = stringResource(R.string.patch_integrated), selected = !isPatchLocalMode,
+                                onClick = { isPatchLocalMode = false })
+
+                        }
+
+                        CollapsibleBox(modifier = modifier,
+                            expandState = true,
+                            collapsedHeight = 0.dp,
+                            showExpand = false
+                        ) {
+                            Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
+                                Text(text =  stringResource(
+                                    if (isPatchLocalMode)
+                                        R.string.patch_local_desc
+                                    else
+                                        R.string.patch_integrated_desc
+                                ), color = Color.Gray, fontSize = 12.sp
+                                )
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        GakuSwitch(modifier, stringResource(R.string.patch_debuggable), checked = isPatchDebuggable) {
+                            isPatchDebuggable = !isPatchDebuggable
+                        }
+
+                        GakuSwitch(modifier, stringResource(R.string.reserve_patched), checked = reservePatchFiles) {
+                            reservePatchFiles = !reservePatchFiles
+                        }
+
+                        Text(stringResource(R.string.support_file_types))
+
+                        CollapsibleBox(modifier = modifier,
+                            expandState = true,
+                            collapsedHeight = 0.dp,
+                            showExpand = false
+                        ) {
+                            Box(modifier = Modifier) {
+                                LazyColumn(modifier = Modifier
+                                    .fillMaxWidth()
+                                    .sizeIn(maxHeight = screenH),
+                                    reverseLayout = true) {
+                                    logMsgList.asReversed().forEach { logText ->
+                                        item {
+                                            Text(modifier = Modifier.animateContentSize(),
+                                                text = logText.msg,
+                                                color = if (logText.isErr) Color.Red else Color.Black,
+                                                fontSize = 12.sp)
+
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        Spacer(Modifier.height(0.dp))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Spacer(Modifier.height(12.dp))
+        }
+
+        FloatingActionButton(
+            onClick = { if (!isPatching) {
+                if (ShizukuApi.isPermissionGranted &&
+                    ShizukuApi.isPackageInstalledWithoutPatch("com.bandainamcoent.idolmaster_gakuen")) {
+                    showUninstallConfirm = true
+                }
+                else {
+                    storageLauncher.launch(arrayOf("*/*"))
+                }
+            } },
+            modifier = Modifier
+                .align(Alignment.BottomEnd)
+                .padding(16.dp),
+            containerColor = if (isPatching) Color.Gray else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+            shape = CircleShape
+        ) {
+            Icon(modifier = Modifier.size(24.dp),
+                imageVector = Icons.Outlined.AutoFixHigh,
+                contentDescription = "GotoPatch")
+        }
+
+        if (showUninstallConfirm) {
+            GakuGroupConfirm(
+                title = stringResource(R.string.warning),
+                onCancel = { showUninstallConfirm = false },
+                onConfirm = {
+                    showUninstallConfirm = false
+                    storageLauncher.launch(arrayOf("*/*"))},
+                contentHeightForAnimation = screenH.value
+            ) {
+                Column {
+                    Text(stringResource(R.string.patch_uninstall_text))
+                    Text(stringResource(R.string.patch_uninstall_confirm))
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+@Preview(showBackground = true, uiMode = UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO, widthDp = 680)
+@Composable
+fun PatchPagePreview(modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    PatchPage(modifier) { _, _, _, _, _, _ -> }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/SettingsTab.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/SettingsTab.kt
index 7570648..6d51bde 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/SettingsTab.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/SettingsTab.kt
@@ -5,9 +5,12 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.ExperimentalFoundationApi
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxHeight
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
 import androidx.compose.foundation.pager.HorizontalPager
 import androidx.compose.foundation.pager.rememberPagerState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.CircleShape
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@ import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.MainActivity
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.GakumasConfig
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.onClickStartGame
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuTabRow
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.icons.AutoFixHigh
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages.subPages.AboutPage
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages.subPages.AdvanceSettingsPage
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages.subPages.HomePage
@@ -66,14 +70,27 @@ fun SettingsTabs(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
                 .align(Alignment.BottomCenter)
                 .padding(bottom = 6.dp)) {
             Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(6.dp)) {
-                FloatingActionButton(
-                    onClick = { context?.onClickStartGame() },
-                    modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.End),
-                    containerColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
-                    shape = CircleShape
-                ) {
-                    Icon(imageVector = Icons.AutoMirrored.Filled.KeyboardArrowRight,
-                        contentDescription = "StartGame")
+                Row(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                    horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.SpaceBetween) {
+                    FloatingActionButton(
+                        onClick = { context?.gotoPatchActivity() },
+                        // modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.End),
+                        containerColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+                        shape = CircleShape
+                    ) {
+                        Icon(modifier = Modifier.size(24.dp),
+                            imageVector = Icons.Outlined.AutoFixHigh,
+                            contentDescription = "GotoPatch")
+                    }
+                    FloatingActionButton(
+                        onClick = { context?.onClickStartGame() },
+                        //modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.End),
+                        containerColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+                        shape = CircleShape
+                    ) {
+                        Icon(imageVector = Icons.AutoMirrored.Filled.KeyboardArrowRight,
+                            contentDescription = "StartGame")
+                    }
                 }
 
                 GakuTabRow(modifier, pagerState, titles) { }
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/AboutPage.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/AboutPage.kt
index c4a35d5..c69c7ae 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/AboutPage.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/AboutPage.kt
@@ -144,6 +144,13 @@ fun AboutPage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
                 url = contributorInfo.contrib_img.translation,
                 contentDescription = "translation-contrib"
             )
+            contributorInfo.contrib_img.translations.forEach { url ->
+                Spacer(modifier = Modifier.height(2.dp))
+                NetworkSvgImage(
+                    url = url,
+                    contentDescription = "translation-contrib"
+                )
+            }
         }
 
         item {
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/HomePage.kt b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/HomePage.kt
index aa978d9..24dc69f 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/HomePage.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/io/github/chinosk/gakumas/localify/ui/pages/subPages/HomePage.kt
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.pages.subPages
 
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.ui.components.GakuGroupBox
 import android.content.res.Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
+import android.util.Log
 import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
@@ -17,8 +18,12 @@ import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.saveable.rememberSaveable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
@@ -32,14 +37,18 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
 import androidx.lifecycle.viewmodel.compose.viewModel
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.MainActivity
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.R
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.TAG
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getConfigState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramConfigState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramDownloadAbleState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramDownloadErrorStringState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramDownloadState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramLocalResourceVersionState
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.getProgramLocalAPIResourceVersionState
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.hookUtils.FileHotUpdater
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.FileDownloader
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.RemoteAPIFilesChecker
+import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.mainUtils.TimeUtils
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.GakumasConfig
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ResourceCollapsibleBoxViewModel
 import io.github.chinosk.gakumas.localify.models.ResourceCollapsibleBoxViewModelFactory
@@ -64,7 +73,9 @@ fun HomePage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     val downloadProgress by getProgramDownloadState(context)
     val downloadAble by getProgramDownloadAbleState(context)
     val localResourceVersion by getProgramLocalResourceVersionState(context)
+    val localAPIResourceVersion by getProgramLocalAPIResourceVersionState(context)
     val downloadErrorString by getProgramDownloadErrorStringState(context)
+    var isFirstTimeInThisPage by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(true) }
 
     // val scrollState = rememberScrollState()
     val keyboardOptionsNumber = remember {
@@ -77,12 +88,8 @@ fun HomePage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     val resourceSettingsViewModel: ResourceCollapsibleBoxViewModel =
         viewModel(factory = ResourceCollapsibleBoxViewModelFactory(initiallyExpanded = false))
 
-    fun onClickDownload() {
-        context?.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
-            downloadAbleState = false,
-            errorString = "",
-            downloadProgressState = -1f
-        )
+
+    fun zipResourceDownload() {
         val (_, newUrl) = FileDownloader.checkAndChangeDownloadURL(programConfig.value.transRemoteZipUrl)
         context?.onPTransRemoteZipUrlChanged(newUrl, 0, 0, 0)
         FileDownloader.downloadFile(
@@ -122,9 +129,93 @@ fun HomePage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
                     errorString = reason,
                 )
             })
-
     }
 
+    fun onClickDownload(isZipResource: Boolean, isHumanClick: Boolean = true) {
+        context?.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+            downloadAbleState = false,
+            errorString = "",
+            downloadProgressState = -1f
+        )
+        if (isZipResource) {
+            zipResourceDownload()
+        }
+        else {
+            RemoteAPIFilesChecker.checkUpdateLocalAssets(context!!,
+                programConfig.value.useAPIAssetsURL,
+                onFailed = { _, reason ->
+                    context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                        downloadAbleState = true,
+                        errorString = "",
+                        downloadProgressState = -1f
+                    )
+                    context.mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(true, "Error", reason)
+                },
+                onResult = { data, localVersion ->
+                    if (!isHumanClick) {
+                        if (data.tag_name == localVersion) {
+                            context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                downloadAbleState = true,
+                                errorString = "",
+                                downloadProgressState = -1f
+                            )
+                            return@checkUpdateLocalAssets
+                        }
+                    }
+                    context.mainUIConfirmStatUpdate(true, context.getString(R.string.translation_resource_update),
+                        "${data.name}\n$localVersion -> ${data.tag_name}\n${data.body}\n\n${TimeUtils.convertIsoToLocalTime(data.published_at)}",
+                        onConfirm = {
+                            resourceSettingsViewModel.expanded = true
+                            RemoteAPIFilesChecker.updateLocalAssets(context, programConfig.value.useAPIAssetsURL,
+                                onDownload = { progress, _, _ ->
+                                    context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(downloadProgressState = progress)
+                                },
+                                onFailed = { _, reason -> context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                    downloadAbleState = true,
+                                    errorString = reason,
+                                )},
+                                onSuccess = { saveFile, releaseVersion ->
+                                    context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                        downloadAbleState = true,
+                                        errorString = "",
+                                        downloadProgressState = -1f
+                                    )
+                                    context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                        localAPIResourceVersion = RemoteAPIFilesChecker.getLocalVersion(context)
+                                    )
+                                    context.saveProgramConfig()
+                                    Log.d(TAG, "saved: $releaseVersion $saveFile")
+                                })
+                        },
+                        onCancel = {
+                            context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                downloadAbleState = true,
+                                errorString = "",
+                                downloadProgressState = -1f
+                            )
+                        }
+                        )
+                })
+        }
+    }
+
+    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
+        try {
+            if (context == null) return@LaunchedEffect
+            val localAPIResVer = RemoteAPIFilesChecker.getLocalVersion(context)
+            context.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                localAPIResourceVersion = localAPIResVer
+            )
+            if (isFirstTimeInThisPage) {
+                if (programConfig.value.useAPIAssets && programConfig.value.useAPIAssetsURL.isNotEmpty()) {
+                    onClickDownload(false, false)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        finally {
+            isFirstTimeInThisPage = false
+        }
+    }
 
     LazyColumn(modifier = modifier
         .sizeIn(maxHeight = screenH)
@@ -188,6 +279,103 @@ fun HomePage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
                             )
                         }
 
+                        item {
+                            GakuSwitch(modifier = modifier.padding(start = 8.dp, end = 8.dp),
+                                checked = programConfig.value.useAPIAssets,
+                                text = stringResource(R.string.check_resource_from_api)
+                            ) { v -> context?.onPUseAPIAssetsChanged(v) }
+
+                            CollapsibleBox(modifier = modifier.graphicsLayer(clip = false),
+                                expandState = programConfig.value.useAPIAssets,
+                                collapsedHeight = 0.dp,
+                                innerPaddingLeftRight = 8.dp,
+                                showExpand = false
+                            ) {
+                                GakuSwitch(modifier = modifier,
+                                    checked = programConfig.value.delRemoteAfterUpdate,
+                                    text = stringResource(id = R.string.del_remote_after_update)
+                                ) { v -> context?.onPDelRemoteAfterUpdateChanged(v) }
+
+                                LazyColumn(modifier = modifier
+                                    // .padding(8.dp)
+                                    .sizeIn(maxHeight = screenH),
+                                    verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(12.dp)
+                                ) {
+                                    item {
+                                        Row(modifier = modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                                            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(2.dp),
+                                            verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically) {
+
+                                            GakuTextInput(modifier = modifier
+                                                .height(45.dp)
+                                                .padding(end = 8.dp)
+                                                .fillMaxWidth()
+                                                .weight(1f),
+                                                fontSize = 14f,
+                                                value = programConfig.value.useAPIAssetsURL,
+                                                onValueChange = { c -> context?.onPUseAPIAssetsURLChanged(c, 0, 0, 0)},
+                                                label = { Text(stringResource(R.string.api_addr)) },
+                                                keyboardOptions = keyboardOptionsNumber)
+
+                                            if (downloadAble) {
+                                                GakuButton(modifier = modifier
+                                                    .height(40.dp)
+                                                    .sizeIn(minWidth = 80.dp),
+                                                    text = stringResource(R.string.check_update),
+                                                    onClick = { onClickDownload(false) })
+                                            }
+                                            else {
+                                                GakuButton(modifier = modifier
+                                                    .height(40.dp)
+                                                    .sizeIn(minWidth = 80.dp),
+                                                    text = stringResource(id = R.string.cancel), onClick = {
+                                                        FileDownloader.cancel()
+                                                    })
+                                            }
+
+                                        }
+                                    }
+
+                                    if (downloadProgress >= 0) {
+                                        item {
+                                            GakuProgressBar(progress = downloadProgress, isError = downloadErrorString.isNotEmpty())
+                                        }
+                                    }
+
+                                    if (downloadErrorString.isNotEmpty()) {
+                                        item {
+                                            Text(text = downloadErrorString, color = Color(0xFFE2041B))
+                                        }
+                                    }
+
+                                    item {
+                                        Text(modifier = Modifier
+                                            .fillMaxWidth()
+                                            .clickable {
+                                                context?.mainPageAssetsViewDataUpdate(
+                                                    localAPIResourceVersion = RemoteAPIFilesChecker.getLocalVersion(
+                                                        context
+                                                    )
+                                                )
+                                            }, text = "${stringResource(R.string.downloaded_resource_version)}: $localAPIResourceVersion")
+                                    }
+
+                                    item {
+                                        Spacer(Modifier.height(0.dp))
+                                    }
+
+                                }
+
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        item {
+                            HorizontalDivider(
+                                thickness = 1.dp,
+                                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface.copy(alpha = 0.12f)
+                            )
+                        }
+
                         item {
                             GakuSwitch(modifier = modifier.padding(start = 8.dp, end = 8.dp),
                                 checked = programConfig.value.useRemoteAssets,
@@ -231,7 +419,7 @@ fun HomePage(modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
                                                     .height(40.dp)
                                                     .sizeIn(minWidth = 80.dp),
                                                     text = stringResource(id = R.string.download),
-                                                    onClick = { onClickDownload() })
+                                                    onClick = { onClickDownload(true) })
                                             }
                                             else {
                                                 GakuButton(modifier = modifier
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable-hdpi/splash.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable-hdpi/splash.png
index 169884e..2490dd6 100644
Binary files a/app/src/main/res/drawable-hdpi/splash.png and b/app/src/main/res/drawable-hdpi/splash.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable-mdpi/splash.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable-mdpi/splash.png
index 503701b..37fc286 100644
Binary files a/app/src/main/res/drawable-mdpi/splash.png and b/app/src/main/res/drawable-mdpi/splash.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable-xhdpi/splash.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable-xhdpi/splash.png
index b5090f8..08b5d8a 100644
Binary files a/app/src/main/res/drawable-xhdpi/splash.png and b/app/src/main/res/drawable-xhdpi/splash.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable-xxhdpi/splash.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable-xxhdpi/splash.png
index e1abdf3..120d123 100644
Binary files a/app/src/main/res/drawable-xxhdpi/splash.png and b/app/src/main/res/drawable-xxhdpi/splash.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_sheet_title.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_sheet_title.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc8d038
Binary files /dev/null and b/app/src/main/res/drawable/bg_sheet_title.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable/splash.png b/app/src/main/res/drawable/splash.png
index 4cb5d6a..bf40018 100644
Binary files a/app/src/main/res/drawable/splash.png and b/app/src/main/res/drawable/splash.png differ
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
index 7976009..1e78fbd 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
@@ -73,8 +73,33 @@
     <string name="invalid_zip_file">文件解析失败</string>
     <string name="invalid_zip_file_warn">此文件不是一个有效的 ZIP 翻译资源包</string>
     <string name="cancel">取消</string>
+    <string name="ok">确定</string>
     <string name="downloaded_resource_version">已下载资源版本</string>
     <string name="del_remote_after_update">替换文件后删除下载缓存</string>
+    <string name="warning">注意</string>
+    <string name="install">安装</string>
+    <string name="installing">安装中</string>
+    <string name="check_resource_from_api">从服务器检查热更新资源</string>
+    <string name="api_addr">API 地址(Github Latest Release API)</string>
+    <string name="check_update">检查更新</string>
+    <string name="translation_resource_update">翻译资源更新</string>
+
+    <string name="game_patch">游戏修补</string>
+    <string name="patch_mode">修补模式</string>
+    <string name="patch_local">本地模式</string>
+    <string name="patch_local_desc">为未嵌入模块的应用程序打补丁。\nXposed 范围可动态更改,无需重新打补丁。\n打了本地补丁的应用程序只能在本地设备上运行。</string>
+    <string name="patch_integrated">集成模式</string>
+    <string name="patch_integrated_desc">修补 App 并内置模块。\n经修补的应用可以在没有管理器的情况下运行,但不能动态管理配置。\n以集成模式修补的应用可在未安装 LSPatch 管理器的设备上运行。</string>
+    <string name="shizuku_available">Shizuku 服务可用</string>
+    <string name="shizuku_unavailable">Shizuku 服务未连接</string>
+    <string name="home_shizuku_warning">部分功能不可用</string>
+    <string name="patch_debuggable">可调试</string>
+    <string name="reserve_patched">安装时保留修补包</string>
+    <string name="support_file_types">支持文件类型:\n单/多选 apk\n单选 apks, xapk, zip</string>
+    <string name="patch_uninstall_text">由于签名不同,安装修补的应用前需要先卸载原应用。\n确保您已备份好个人数据。</string>
+    <string name="patch_uninstall_confirm">您确定要卸载吗</string>
+    <string name="patch_finished">修补完成,是否开始安装?</string>
 
     <string name="about_contributors_asset_file">about_contributors_zh_cn.json</string>
+    <string name="default_assets_check_api">https://uma.chinosk6.cn/api/gkms_trans_data</string>
 </resources>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml b/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
index c79f892..e1a455c 100644
--- a/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml
@@ -73,8 +73,33 @@
     <string name="invalid_zip_file">Invalid file</string>
     <string name="invalid_zip_file_warn">This file is not a valid ZIP translation resource pack.</string>
     <string name="cancel">Cancel</string>
+    <string name="ok">OK</string>
     <string name="downloaded_resource_version">Downloaded Version</string>
     <string name="del_remote_after_update">Delete Cache File After Update</string>
+    <string name="warning">Warning</string>
+    <string name="install">Install</string>
+    <string name="installing">Installing</string>
+    <string name="check_resource_from_api">Check Resource Update From API</string>
+    <string name="api_addr">API Address(Github Latest Release API)</string>
+    <string name="check_update">Check</string>
+    <string name="translation_resource_update">Translation Resource Update</string>
+
+    <string name="game_patch">Game Patch</string>
+    <string name="patch_mode">Patch Mode</string>
+    <string name="patch_local">Local</string>
+    <string name="patch_local_desc">Patch an app without modules embedded.\nXposed scope can be changed dynamically without re-patch.\nLocal patched apps can only run on the local device.</string>
+    <string name="patch_integrated">Integrated</string>
+    <string name="patch_integrated_desc">Patch an app with modules embedded.\nThe patched app can run without the manager, but cannot be managed dynamically.\nIntegrated patched apps can be used on devices that do not have LSPatch Manager installed.</string>
+    <string name="shizuku_available">Shizuku service available</string>
+    <string name="shizuku_unavailable">Shizuku service not connected</string>
+    <string name="home_shizuku_warning">Some functions unavailable</string>
+    <string name="patch_debuggable">Debuggable</string>
+    <string name="reserve_patched">Reserve Patched APK</string>
+    <string name="support_file_types">Supported files:\nSingle/Multiple Choice: apk\nSingle Choice: apks, xapk, zip</string>
+    <string name="patch_uninstall_text">Due to different signatures, you need to uninstall the original app before installing the patched one.\nMake sure you have backed up personal data.</string>
+    <string name="patch_uninstall_confirm">Are you sure you want to uninstall?</string>
+    <string name="patch_finished">Patch finished. Start installing?</string>
 
     <string name="about_contributors_asset_file">about_contributors_en.json</string>
+    <string name="default_assets_check_api">https://api.github.com/repos/NatsumeLS/Gakumas-Translation-Data-EN/releases/latest</string>
 </resources>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/gradle/libs.versions.toml b/gradle/libs.versions.toml
index 10d5072..7ee5cec 100644
--- a/gradle/libs.versions.toml
+++ b/gradle/libs.versions.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 [versions]
 accompanistPager = "0.30.0"
 activityCompose = "1.9.0"
+hiddenapibypass = "4.3"
+shizukuApi = "12.1.0"
+hiddenapi-refine = "4.3.0"
+hiddenapi-stub = "4.2.0"
 okhttpBom = "4.12.0"
 xposedApi = "82"
 appcompat = "1.7.0"
@@ -15,6 +19,7 @@ navigationCompose = "2.7.7"
 xdl = "2.1.1"
 shadowhook = "1.0.9"
 serialization="1.7.1"
+zip4j = "2.9.1"
 
 [libraries]
 accompanist-pager = { module = "com.google.accompanist:accompanist-pager", version.ref = "accompanistPager" }
@@ -36,6 +41,12 @@ androidx-ui-test-junit4 = { module = "androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-junit4" }
 androidx-ui-test-manifest = { module = "androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-manifest" }
 androidx-ui-tooling = { module = "androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling" }
 androidx-ui-tooling-preview = { module = "androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview" }
+hiddenapibypass = { module = "org.lsposed.hiddenapibypass:hiddenapibypass", version.ref = "hiddenapibypass" }
+shizukuApi = { module = "dev.rikka.shizuku:api", version.ref = "shizukuApi" }
+rikka-shizuku-provider = { module = "dev.rikka.shizuku:provider", version.ref = "shizukuApi" }
+rikka-refine = { module = "dev.rikka.tools.refine:runtime", version.ref = "hiddenapi-refine" }
+rikka-hidden-stub = { module = "dev.rikka.hidden:stub", version.ref = "hiddenapi-stub" }
+
 logging-interceptor = { module = "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor" }
 okhttp = { module = "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp" }
 okhttp-bom = { module = "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp-bom", version.ref = "okhttpBom" }
@@ -46,6 +57,7 @@ material = { module = "com.google.android.material:material", version.ref = "mat
 shadowhook = { module = "com.bytedance.android:shadowhook", version.ref = "shadowhook" }
 xdl = { module = "io.github.hexhacking:xdl", version.ref = "xdl" }
 kotlinx-serialization-json = { module = "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json", version.ref = "serialization" }
+zip4j = { module = "net.lingala.zip4j:zip4j", version.ref = "zip4j" }
 
 [plugins]
 androidApplication = { id = "com.android.application", version.ref = "agp" }